Title 4

NRS 51.215 Records of documents affecting interest in property. The record of a document purporting to establish or affect an interest in property, as proof of the content of the original recorded document and its execution and delivery by each person by whom it purports to have …

NRS 51.225 Statement in document affecting interest in property. A statement contained in a document purporting to establish or affect an interest in property is not inadmissible under the hearsay rule if the matter stated was relevant to the purpose of the document, unless deali…

NRS 51.235 Statements in ancient documents. Statements in a document more than 20 years old whose authenticity is established are not inadmissible under the hearsay rule. (Added to NRS by 1971, 796)

NRS 51.245 Market reports; commercial publications. Market quotations, tabulations, lists, directories or other published compilations, generally used and relied upon by the public or by persons in particular occupations, are not inadmissible under the hearsay rule. (Added to NRS…

NRS 51.255 Learned treatises. To the extent called to the attention of an expert witness upon cross-examination or relied upon by the expert witness in direct examination, a statement contained in a published treatise, periodical or pamphlet on a subject of history, medicine or o…

NRS 51.265 Reputation concerning personal or family history. Reputation among members of a person’s family by blood or marriage, or among his or her associates, or in the community, is not inadmissible under the hearsay rule if it concerns his or her birth, marriage, divorce, dea…

NRS 51.275 Reputation concerning boundaries or general history. Reputation in a community, arising before the controversy, as to: 1. Boundaries of or customs affecting lands in the community; and 2. Events of general history important to the community or to the State or nation in…

NRS 51.285 Reputation as to character. Reputation of a person’s character among the person’s associates or in the community is not inadmissible under the hearsay rule. (Added to NRS by 1971, 797)

NRS 51.295 Judgment of previous conviction. 1. Evidence of a final judgment, entered after trial or upon a plea of guilty or guilty but mentally ill, but not upon a plea of nolo contendere, adjudging a person guilty of a crime punishable by death or imprisonment in excess of 1 ye…

NRS 51.305 Judgment as to boundaries or personal, family or general history. A judgment is not inadmissible under the hearsay rule as proof of matters of personal, family or general history, or boundaries, essential to the judgment, if the matters would be provable by evidence of…

NRS 51.315 General exception; other exceptions illustrative. 1. A statement is not excluded by the hearsay rule if: (a) Its nature and the special circumstances under which it was made offer strong assurances of accuracy; and (b) The declarant is unavailable as a witness. 2. The …

NRS 51.325 Former testimony. Testimony given as a witness at another hearing of the same or a different proceeding, or in a deposition taken in compliance with law in the course of another proceeding, is not inadmissible under the hearsay rule if: 1. The declarant is unavailable …

NRS 51.335 Statement under belief of impending death. A statement made by a declarant while believing that his or her death was imminent is not inadmissible under the hearsay rule if the declarant is unavailable as a witness. (Added to NRS by 1971, 797)

NRS 51.345 Statement against interest. 1. A statement which at the time of its making: (a) Was so far contrary to the pecuniary or proprietary interest of the declarant; (b) So far tended to subject the declarant to civil or criminal liability; (c) So far tended to render invalid…

NRS 51.355 Statement of personal or family history. 1. A statement concerning the declarant’s own birth, marriage, divorce, legitimacy, relationship by blood or marriage, ancestry or other similar fact of personal or family history is not inadmissible under the hearsay rule if th…

NRS 51.385 Admissibility; notice of unavailability or inability of child to testify. 1. In addition to any other provision for admissibility made by statute or rule of court, a statement made by a child under the age of 10 years describing any act of sexual conduct performed with…

NRS 52.015 Authentication or identification required. 1. The requirement of authentication or identification as a condition precedent to admissibility is satisfied by evidence or other showing sufficient to support a finding that the matter in question is what its proponent claim…

NRS 52.025 Testimony of witness with knowledge. The testimony of a witness is sufficient for authentication or identification if the witness has personal knowledge that a matter is what it is claimed to be. (Added to NRS by 1971, 798)

NRS 52.035 Handwriting: Nonexpert opinion. Nonexpert opinion as to the genuineness of handwriting is sufficient for authentication or identification if it is based upon familiarity not acquired for purposes of the litigation. (Added to NRS by 1971, 798)

NRS 52.045 Handwriting: Comparison by trier or expert witness. Comparison by the trier of fact or by expert witnesses with specimens which have been authenticated is sufficient for authentication. (Added to NRS by 1971, 798)

NRS 52.055 Handwriting: Distinctive characteristics. Appearance, contents, substance, internal patterns or other distinctive characteristics are sufficient for authentication when taken in conjunction with circumstances. (Added to NRS by 1971, 798)

NRS 52.065 Identification by voice. A voice, whether heard firsthand or through mechanical or electronic transmission or recording, is sufficiently identified by opinion based upon hearing the voice at any time under circumstances connecting it with the alleged speaker. (Added to…

NRS 52.075 Telephone calls. A telephone conversation is sufficiently authenticated by evidence that a call was made to the number supplied by the telephone company for the person in question if: 1. The call was to a place of business and the conversation related to business reaso…

NRS 52.085 Public records and reports. Evidence that: 1. A writing authorized by law to be recorded or filed and in fact recorded or filed in a public office; or 2. A purported public record, report, statement or data compilation, in any form, Ê is from the public office where it…

NRS 52.095 Ancient documents; compilations of data. Evidence that a document or data compilation, in any form: 1. Is in such condition as to create no suspicion concerning its authenticity; 2. Was in a place where it, if authentic, would likely be; and 3. Is at least 20 years old…

NRS 52.105 Process or system. Evidence describing a process or system used to produce a result and showing that the result is accurate is sufficient to authenticate the result. (Added to NRS by 1971, 799) PRESUMPTIONS OF AUTHENTICITY

NRS 52.115 Foreign public documents. 1. A document purporting to be executed or attested in a person’s official capacity by a person authorized by the laws of a foreign country to make the execution or attestation is presumed to be authentic if it is accompanied by a final certif…

NRS 52.125 Certified copies of public records. 1. A copy of an official record or report or entry therein, or of a document authorized by law to be recorded or filed and actually recorded or filed in a public office, including data compilations in any form, is presumed to be auth…

NRS 52.135 Official publications. Books, pamphlets or other publications purporting to be issued by public authority are presumed to be authentic. (Added to NRS by 1971, 800)

NRS 52.145 Newspapers; periodicals. Printed materials purporting to be newspapers or periodicals are presumed to be authentic. (Added to NRS by 1971, 800)

NRS 52.155 Trade inscriptions, signs, tags and labels. Inscriptions, signs, tags or labels purporting to have been affixed in the course of business and indicating ownership, control or origin are presumed to be authentic. (Added to NRS by 1971, 800)

NRS 52.165 Acknowledged documents. Documents accompanied by a certificate of acknowledgment of a notary public or officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments are presumed to be authentic. (Added to NRS by 1971, 800)

NRS 52.175 Subscribing witness’ testimony unnecessary. The testimony of a subscribing witness is not necessary to authenticate a writing unless required by the laws of the jurisdiction whose laws govern the validity of the writing. (Added to NRS by 1971, 800) CONTENTS OF WRITINGS…

NRS 52.185 Definitions. As used in NRS 52.185 to 52.295, inclusive, unless the context otherwise requires, the words defined in NRS 52.195 to 52.225, inclusive, have the meanings ascribed to them in NRS 52.195 to 52.225, inclusive. (Added to NRS by 1971, 800)

NRS 52.195 “Duplicate” defined. “Duplicate” means a counterpart produced: 1. By the same impression as the original; 2. From the same matrix; 3. By means of photography, including enlargements and miniatures; 4. By mechanical or electronic rerecording, including a counterpart pro…

NRS 52.205 “Original” defined. 1. An “original” of a writing or recording is the writing or recording itself or any counterpart intended to have the same effect by a person executing or issuing it. 2. An “original” of a photograph includes the negative or any print therefrom. 3. …

NRS 52.215 “Photographs” defined. “Photographs” include still photographs, X-rays and motion pictures. (Added to NRS by 1971, 800)

NRS 52.225 “Writings” and “recordings” defined. “Writings” and “recordings” consist of letters, words or numbers, or their equivalent, set down by handwriting, typewriting, printing, photostating, photographing, magnetic impulse, mechanical or electronic recording, or other form …

NRS 52.235 Original required. To prove the content of a writing, recording or photograph, the original writing, recording or photograph is required, except as otherwise provided in this title. (Added to NRS by 1971, 800)

NRS 52.245 Admissibility of duplicates. 1. In addition to the situations governed by subsection 2, a duplicate is admissible to the same extent as an original unless: (a) A genuine question is raised as to the authenticity of the original; or (b) In the circumstances it would be …

NRS 52.247 Admissibility of rerecorded, copied or reproduced records; certain records of governmental agency deemed public records. 1. Unless held in a fiduciary or custodial capacity or unless specifically prohibited by a federal or state statute or regulation, by a local ordina…

NRS 52.252 Admissibility of copy or transcript of recordings of telephone calls made through system providing telephone number to be used in emergency. The content of recordings of telephone calls made through a system established to provide a telephone number to be used in an em…

NRS 52.255 Admissibility of other evidence of contents. Except as otherwise provided in NRS 52.247, the original is not required, and other evidence of the contents of a writing, recording or photograph is admissible, if: 1. All originals are lost or have been destroyed, unless t…

NRS 52.260 Record made in course of regularly conducted activity; affidavit required. 1. The contents of a record made in the course of a regularly conducted activity in accordance with NRS 51.135, if otherwise admissible, may be proved by the original or a copy of the record whi…

NRS 52.265 Public records. 1. Except as otherwise provided in NRS 52.247, the contents of an official record, or of a document authorized to be recorded or filed and actually recorded or filed, including data compilations in any form, if otherwise admissible, may be proved by cop…

NRS 52.275 Summaries. 1. The contents of voluminous writings, recordings or photographs which cannot conveniently be examined in court may be presented in the form of a chart, summary or calculation. 2. The originals shall be made available for examination or copying, or both, by…