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N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-101 Short Titles
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Section 1--101. Short Titles. (a) This act may be cited as the Uniform Commercial Code. (b) This article may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code -- General Provisions.
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-102 Scope of Article
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Section 1--102. Scope of Article. This article applies to a transaction to the extent that it is governed by another article of this act.
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-103 Construction of Uniform Commercial Code to Promote its Purposes and Policies; Applicability of Supplemental Principles of Law
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Section 1--103. Construction of Uniform Commercial Code to Promote its Purposes and Policies; Applicability of Supplemental Principles of Law. (a) This act must be liberally construed and applied to promote its underlying purposes and policies, which are: (1) to simplify, clarify…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-104 Construction Against Implied Repeal
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Section 1--104. Construction Against Implied Repeal. This act being a general act intended as a unified coverage of its subject matter, no part of it shall be deemed to be impliedly repealed by subsequent legislation if such construction can reasonably be avoided.
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-105 Severability
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Section 1--105. Severability. If any provision or clause of this act or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of this act which can be given effect without the invalid provision or applicatio…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-106 Use of Singular and Plural; Gender
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Section 1--106. Use of Singular and Plural; Gender. In this act, unless the statutory context otherwise requires: (1) words in the singular number include the plural, and those in the plural include the singular; and (2) words of any gender also refer to any other gender.
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-107 Section Captions
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Section 1--107. Section Captions. Section captions are part of this act. The subsection headings in article nine are not part of this act for purposes of construction.
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-108 Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act
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Section 1--108. Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act. This article modifies, limits, and supersedes the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 7001 et seq., except that nothing in this article modifies…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-201 General Definitions
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Section 1--201. General Definitions. (a) Unless the context otherwise requires, words or phrases defined in this section, or in the additional definitions contained in other articles of this act that apply to particular articles or parts thereof, have the meanings stated. (b) Sub…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-202 Notice; Knowledge
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Section 1--202. Notice; Knowledge. (a) Subject to subsection (f), a person has "notice" of a fact if the person: (1) has actual knowledge of it; (2) has received a notice or notification of it; or (3) from all the facts and circumstances known to the person at the time in questio…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-203 Lease Distinguished From Security Interest
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Section 1--203. Lease Distinguished From Security Interest. (a) Whether a transaction in the form of a lease creates a lease or security interest is determined by the facts of each case. (b) A transaction in the form of a lease creates a security interest if the consideration tha…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-204 Value
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Section 1--204. Value. Except as otherwise provided in articles 3, 4, 5, and 12 of this act a person gives value for rights if the person acquires them: (a) in return for a binding commitment to extend credit or for the extension of immediately available credit, whether or not dr…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-205 Reasonable Time; Seasonableness
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Section 1--205. Reasonable Time; Seasonableness. (a) Whether a time for taking an action required by this act is reasonable depends on the nature, purpose, and circumstances of the action. (b) An action is taken seasonably if it is taken at or within the time agreed or, if no tim…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-206 Presumptions
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Section 1--206. Presumptions. Whenever this act creates a "presumption" with respect to a fact, or provides that a fact is "presumed," the trier of fact must find the existence of the fact unless and until evidence is introduced that supports a finding of its nonexistence.
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-207 Statute of Frauds for Kinds of Personal Property Not Otherwise Covered
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Section 1--207. Statute of Frauds for Kinds of Personal Property Not Otherwise Covered. (a) Except in the cases described in subsection (b) of this section a contract for the sale of personal property is not enforceable by way of action or defense beyond five thousand dollars in…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-301 Territorial Applicability; Parties' Power to Choose Applicable Law
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Section 1--301. Territorial Applicability; Parties' Power to Choose Applicable Law. (a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, when a transaction bears a reasonable relation to this state and also to another state or nation, the parties may agree that the law either of thi…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-302 Variation by Agreement
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Section 1--302. Variation by Agreement. (a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) or elsewhere in this act, the effect of provisions of this act may be varied by agreement. (b) The obligations of good faith, diligence, reasonableness, and care prescribed by this act may …
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-303 Course of Performance, Course of Dealing, and Usage of Trade
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Section 1--303. Course of Performance, Course of Dealing, and Usage of Trade. (a) A "course of performance" is a sequence of conduct between the parties to a particular transaction that exists if: (1) the agreement of the parties with respect to the transaction involves repeated …
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-304 Obligation of Good Faith
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Section 1--304. Obligation of Good Faith. Every contract or duty within this act imposes an obligation of good faith in its performance and enforcement.
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-305 Remedies to be Liberally Administered
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Section 1--305. Remedies to be Liberally Administered. (a) The remedies provided by this act must be liberally administered to the end that the aggrieved party may be put in as good a position as if the other party had fully performed but neither consequential or special damages …
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-306 Waiver or Renunciation of Claim or Right After Breach
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Section 1--306. Waiver or Renunciation of Claim or Right After Breach. A claim or right arising out of an alleged breach may be discharged in whole or in part without consideration by agreement of the aggrieved party in a signed record.
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-307 Prima Facie evidence by Third-party Documents
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Section 1--307. Prima Facie evidence by Third-party Documents. A document in due form purporting to be a bill of lading, policy or certificate of insurance, official weigher's or inspector's certificate, consular invoice, or any other document authorized or required by the contra…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-308 Performance or Acceptance Under Reservation of Rights
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Section 1--308. Performance or Acceptance Under Reservation of Rights. A party that with explicit reservation of rights performs or promises performance or assents to performance in a manner demanded or offered by the other party does not thereby prejudice the rights reserved. Su…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-309 Option to Accelerate at Will
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Section 1--309. Option to Accelerate at Will. A term providing that one party or that party's successor in interest may accelerate payment or performance or require collateral or additional collateral "at will" or when the party "deems itself insecure," or words of similar import…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 1-310 Subordinated Obligations
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Section 1--310. Subordinated Obligations. An obligation may be issued as subordinated to performance of another obligation of the person obligated, or a creditor may subordinate its right to performance of an obligation by agreement with either the person obligated or another cre…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 11-101 Definitions
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Section 11--101. Definitions. As used in this Article 11: (a) The term "Original Article 9" means Article 9 of the uniform commercial code as enacted by chapter five hundred fifty-three of the laws of nineteen hundred sixty-two and as amended by chapter eight hundred ninety-nine …
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 11-102 Preservation of Old Transition Provision
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Section 11--102. Preservation of Old Transition Provision. The provisions of Article 10 of the uniform commercial code as enacted by chapter five hundred fifty-three of the laws of nineteen hundred sixty-two and as last amended by chapter eight hundred sixty-eight of the laws of …
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 11-103 Transition to Revised Article 9--General Rule
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Section 11--103. Transition to Revised Article 9--General Rule. Transactions validly entered into after September twenty-seventh, nineteen hundred sixty-four and before the effective date of Revised Article 9, and which were subject to the provisions of Original Article 9 and whi…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 11-104 Transition Provision on Change of Requirement of Filing
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Section 11--104. Transition Provision on Change of Requirement of Filing. A security interest for the perfection of which filing or the taking of possession was required under Original Article 9 and which attached prior to the effective date of Revised Article 9 but was not perfe…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 11-105 Transition Provision on Change of Place of Filing
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Section 11--105. Transition Provision on Change of Place of Filing. (1) A financing statement or continuation statement filed prior to the effective date of Revised Article 9 which shall not have lapsed prior to the effective date of Revised Article 9 shall remain effective for t…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 11-106 Required Refilings
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Section 11--106. Required Refilings. (1) If a security interest is perfected or has priority when the act enacting this Article takes effect as to all persons or as to certain persons without any filing or recording, and if the filing of a financing statement would be required fo…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 11-107 Transition Provisions as to Priorities
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Section 11--107. Transition Provisions as to Priorities. Except as otherwise provided in this Article, Original Article 9 shall apply to any questions of priority if the positions of the parties were fixed prior to the effective date of Revised Article 9. In other cases questions…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 11-108 Presumption that Rule of Law Continues Unchanged
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Section 11--108. Presumption that Rule of Law Continues Unchanged. Unless a change in law has clearly been made, the provisions of Revised Article 9 shall be deemed declaratory of the meaning of Original Article 9.
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-101 Short title
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Section 12--101. Short title. This article may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code--Controllable Electronic Records.
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-102 Definitions
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Section 12--102. Definitions. (a) In this article: (1) "Controllable electronic record" means a record stored in an electronic medium that can be subjected to control under Section 12-105. The term does not include a controllable account, a controllable payment intangible, a depo…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-103 Relation to Article 9 and Consumer Laws
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Section 12--103. Relation to Article 9 and Consumer Laws. (a) Article 9 governs in case of conflict. If there is conflict between this article and Article 9, Article 9 governs. (b) Applicable consumer law and other laws. A transaction subject to this article is subject to any app…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-104 Rights in Controllable Account, Controllable Electronic Record, and Controllable Payment Intangible
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Section 12--104. Rights in Controllable Account, Controllable Electronic Record, and Controllable Payment Intangible. (a) Applicability of section to controllable account and controllable payment intangible. This section applies to the acquisition and purchase of rights in a cont…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-105 Control of Controllable Electronic Record
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Section 12--105. Control of Controllable Electronic Record. (a) General rule: control of controllable electronic record. A person has control of a controllable electronic record if the electronic record, a record attached to or logically associated with the electronic record, or …
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-106 Discharge of Account Debtor on Controllable Account or Controllable Payment Intangible
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Section 12--106. Discharge of Account Debtor on Controllable Account or Controllable Payment Intangible. (a) Discharge of account debtor. An account debtor on a controllable account or controllable payment intangible may discharge its obligation by paying: (1) the person having c…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-107 Governing Law
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Section 12--107. Governing Law. (a) Governing law: general rule. Except as provided in subsection (b), the local law of a controllable electronic record's jurisdiction governs a matter covered by this article. (b) Governing law: Section 12--106. For a controllable electronic reco…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-A-101 Title
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Section 12-A-101. Title. This article may be cited as Transitional Provisions for the 2025 Uniform Commercial Code Amendments.
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-A-102 Definitions
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Section 12-A-102. Definitions. (a) Article A Definitions. In this article: (1) "Adjustment date" means the date that is one year after the effective date. (2) "Article 12" means Article 12 of this code. (3) "Article 12 property" means a controllable account, controllable electron…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-A-201 Saving Clause
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Section 12-A-201. Saving Clause. Except as provided in Part 3, a transaction validly entered into before the effective date of this article and the rights, duties, and interests flowing from the transaction remain valid thereafter and may be terminated, completed, consummated, or…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-A-301 Saving Clause
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Section 12-A-301. Saving Clause. (a) Pre-effective-date transaction, lien, or interest. Except as provided in this part, Article 9 as amended by the UCC Revision Act and Article 12 apply to a transaction, lien, or other interest in property, even if the transaction, lien, or inte…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-A-302 Security Interest Perfected Before Effective Date
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Section 12-A-302. Security Interest Perfected Before Effective Date. (a) Continuing perfection: perfection requirements satisfied. A security interest that is enforceable and perfected immediately before the effective date of the UCC Revision Act is a perfected security interest …
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-A-303 Security Interest Unperfected Before Effective Date
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Section 12-A-303. Security Interest Unperfected Before Effective Date. A security interest that is enforceable immediately before the effective date of the UCC Revision Act but is unperfected at that time: (1) remains an enforceable security interest until the adjustment date; (2…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-A-304 Effectiveness of Actions Taken Before Effective Date
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Section 12-A-304. Effectiveness of Actions Taken Before Effective Date. (a) Pre-effective-date action; attachment and perfection before adjustment date. If action, other than the filing of a financing statement, is taken before the effective date of the UCC Revision Act and the a…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-A-305 Priority
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Section 12-A-305. Priority. (a) Determination of priority. Subject to subsections (b) and (c), the revised UCC determines the priority of conflicting claims to collateral. (b) Established priorities. Subject to subsection (c), if the priorities of claims to collateral were establ…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 12-A-306 Priority of Claims When Priority Rules of Article 9 Do Not Apply
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Section 12-A-306. Priority of Claims When Priority Rules of Article 9 Do Not Apply. (a) Determination of priority. Subject to subsections (b) and (c), Article 12 determines the priority of conflicting claims to Article 12 property when the priority rules of Article 9 as amended b…
N.Y. Uniform Commercial Code Law § 13-101 Application of Act
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Section 13--101. Application of Act. This Act applies to transactions entered into and events occurring on and after the effective date specified in Section 10-105 of this Act.