Title 41, Uniform Commercial Code

1. A letter of credit is issued and becomes enforceable according to its terms against the issuer when the issuer sends or otherwise transmits it to the person requested to advise or to the beneficiary. A letter of credit is revocable only if it so provides. 2. After a letter of …

1. A confirmer is directly obligated on a letter of credit and has the rights and obligations of an issuer to the extent of its confirmation. The confirmer also has rights against and obligations to the issuer as if the issuer were an applicant and the confirmer had issued the le…

1. Except as otherwise provided in section 41-05-09, an issuer shall honor a presentation that, as determined by the standard practice referred to in subsection 5, appears on its face strictly to comply with the terms and conditions of the letter of credit. Except as otherwise pr…

1. If a presentation is made that appears on its face strictly to comply with the terms and conditions of the letter of credit, but a required document is forged or materially fraudulent, or honor of the presentation would facilitate a material fraud by the beneficiary on the iss…

1. If its presentation is honored, the beneficiary warrants: a. To the issuer, any other person to whom presentation is made, and the applicant that there is no fraud or forgery of the kind described in subsection 1 of section 41-05-09; and b. To the applicant that the drawing do…

1. If an issuer wrongfully dishonors or repudiates its obligation to pay money under a letter of credit before presentation, the beneficiary, successor, or nominated person presenting on its own behalf may recover from the issuer the amount that is the subject of the dishonor or …

1. Except as otherwise provided in section 41-05-13, unless a letter of credit provides that it is transferable, the right of a beneficiary to draw or otherwise demand performance under a letter of credit may not be transferred. 2. Even if a letter of credit provides that it is t…

1. A successor of a beneficiary may consent to amendments, sign and present documents, and receive payment or other items of value in the name of the beneficiary without disclosing its status as a successor. 2. A successor of a beneficiary may consent to amendments, sign and pres…

1. In this section, "proceeds of a letter of credit" means the cash, check, accepted draft, or other item of value paid or delivered upon honor or giving of value by the issuer or any nominated person under the letter of credit. The term does not include a beneficiary's drawing r…

An action to enforce a right or obligation arising under this chapter must be commenced within one year after the expiration date of the relevant letter of credit or one year after the claim for relief accrues, whichever occurs later. A claim for relief accrues when the breach oc…

1. The liability of an issuer, nominated person, or adviser for action or omission is governed by the law of the jurisdiction chosen by an agreement in the form of a record signed by the affected parties or by a provision in the person's letter of credit, confirmation, or other u…

1. An issuer that honors a beneficiary's presentation is subrogated to the rights of the beneficiary to the same extent as if the issuer were a secondary obligor of the underlying obligation owed to the beneficiary and of the applicant to the same extent as if the issuer were the…

1. An issuer or nominated person has a security interest in a document presented under a letter of credit to the extent that the issuer or nominated person honors or gives value for the presentation. 2. So long as and to the extent that an issuer or nominated person has not been …