Chapter 437-007

437-007-0555 Vehicle Safety Chains Safety chains or cables must: (1) Have a tensile strength equivalent to the gross weight of the towed vehicle. (2) Prevent the tow bar from dropping to the ground in the event the tow bar or coupling device fails. (3) Be attached in a manner tha…

437-007-0560 Vehicle Seat Belts (1) All vehicles (except those that were not originally equipped with seat belts) designed or used primarily to transport personnel or material over private or public roads must have seat belts. (2) For each vehicle equipped with a seat belt(s), th…

437-007-0565 Vehicle Inspection, Maintenance and Repair (1) Vehicles must be checked at the beginning of each shift to assure that they are in safe operating condition. NOTE: Pay particular attention to components such as tires, steering apparatus, lights and reflectors, brakes, …

437-007-0570 Vehicle Operation (1) Vehicle operators must be knowledgeable of the manufacturer's recommendations for operation, maintenance, safe work practices, and operating procedures. (2) Vehicles must be started and operated only by trained and authorized personnel. (3) Vehi…

437-007-0575 Transportation of Personnel (1) Workers riding in motor vehicles must not stand while the vehicle is in motion. (2) Flatbed and dump trucks must not be used to transport workers. (3) Passengers must wait for the vehicle to come to a complete stop before boarding or l…

437-007-0580 Flammable and Combustible Liquids (1) Flammable and combustible liquids must be stored in accordance with OAR 437, 2/H, Hazardous Materials, §1910.106, Flammable and Combustible Liquids. (2) Containers of flammable and combustible liquids must be marked in accordance…

437-007-0600 Inspection and General Requirements for Rigging (1) A competent person must thoroughly inspect all: (a) Blocks, butt rigging, shackles and other rigging for damaged, cracked or worn parts, loose nuts and bolts, and the need for lubrication before they are used. (b) W…

437-007-0605 Out-of-Service Requirements for Wire Rope (1) Wire rope must be repaired (spliced), re-socketed, or taken out of service when there is: (a) Evidence of chafing, sawing, crushing, kinking, crystallization, bird-caging, corrosion, heat damage, or other damage that has …

437-007-0610 Line Cutting and Splicing (1) Hard hammers must not be used when splicing or cutting wire rope with a wire axe. (2) Eye protection must be used when cutting lines. (3) Marlin spikes (needles) must be used when splicing. (4) Short splices, eye-to-eye splices, cat's pa…

437-007-0615 Pressed Eyes and End Fittings (1) Pressed eyes must not be used for skyline eyes that will be crossed with loaded carriages. (2) Quick nubbins must not be used as guyline and skyline end fittings. (3) For rigging made up after December 1, 2003, standard sized ferrule…

437-007-0620 Cable Clamps (1) The use of cable clips or clamps for joining lines is prohibited, except where used for transferring slack lines from one place to another. Figure 7-2 — Wire Rope U-Bolt Clip Figure 7-3 — Wire Rope Fist Grip Clip [Figures not included. See ED. NOTE.]…

437-007-0625 Mollies (1) Mollies must not be used to connect eyes of load-bearing lines. (2) Mollies or cold shuts must not be used in butt rigging as a load-bearing connection. (3) The use of mollies for attaching guylines is prohibited. (4) Mollies must be rolled in with the la…

437-007-0630 Connectors (1) Guyline extensions must be connected by: (a) A shackle using a safety pin connecting spliced and/or pressed eyes; or (b) Poured nubbins and a double-end hook. Figure 7-5 — Guyline Connectors — Spliced Eyes Figure 7-6 — Guyline Connectors — Poured Nubbi…

437-007-0635 Shackles (1) Shackle pin diameter must be: (a) 1/8- inch larger than the indicated shackle size for shackles up to 1 3/4 inches. (b) 1/4- inch larger than the indicated shackle size for shackles 1 3/4-inch up through 3 inches. (2) Replacement shackle pins must meet t…

437-007-0640 Metal Spar Guyline Safety Straps (1) A guyline safety strap or equivalent device must be installed at the top of metal spars to prevent guylines from falling vertically more than 5 feet in case of structural or mechanical failure of the guyline attachment. (2) Metal …

437-007-0645 Chokers and Straps (1) In highlead logging, chokers must be at least one size smaller than the mainline. (2) Straps must be equivalently sized for the line they support, e.g., Extra Improved Plow Steel (EIPS) line requires EIPS straps or equivalent strength material.…

437-007-0650 Guylines — General Requirements (1) Splicing of guylines is prohibited except to make an eye. (2) Guylines used to stabilize logging machines must be at least of the size, strength and number recommended by the machine manufacturer. (3) Load-bearing guyline angles mu…

437-007-0655 Guylines — Tail Tree Guying (1) Except as provided for in rule (2) and (5) of this section, a minimum of two guylines must be used on tail trees and located within guying zones to oppose the forces as shown in Figure 7-16 (azimuths 130-150 and 210-230 degrees). Figur…

437-007-0660 Intermediate Support Trees (1) Intermediate support trees must be rigged so: (a) Horizontal carriage clearance at the base of the intermediate support tree(s) is sufficient for the turn of logs to pass the support tree(s). (b) The jackline is a single piece of line t…

437-007-0665 Anchoring (1) A competent person must carefully choose skyline, guyline and running line anchors for position and strength. Figure 7-21 — Stump Tie Back Anchor [Figure not included. See ED. NOTE.] (2) A competent person must inspect anchors while the operation is in …

437-007-0670 Spiking and Releasing Spiked Guylines or Skylines (1) Spiked guylines or skylines must be anchored with at least two and one-half wraps around the stump. The first wrap must be secured with at least eight spikes or six staples. The second wrap must be secured with at…

437-007-0675 Selecting, Preparing and Rigging Trees (1) Tail and intermediate support trees must be carefully chosen by a competent person based on position and strength necessary to support the imposed loads. (2) Raised trees must be identified and marked as such. (3) Trees must…

437-007-0680 Blocks and Hanging Blocks. (1) Load-bearing blocks must: (a) Not be used for lines other than those for which they are constructed. (b) Be fitted with line guards and be designed and used in a manner that prevents fouling. (c) Be kept in proper alignment when in use.…

437-007-0690 Metal Towers (1) A competent person must direct the raising and lowering of each metal tower. (2) All employees not engaged in the actual raising or lowering of metal towers must stay in the clear during these operations. (3) Metal towers must be level to provide pro…

437-007-0700 General Work Practices (1) Machines must be operated a sufficient distance from personnel and other machines to not create a hazard for any person. (2) An unimpaired horizontal clearance of not less than 3 feet must be maintained between the rotating superstructure o…

437-007-0705 General Machine Operator Requirements (1) Machines must be started and operated only by authorized personnel. (2) Operators must be instructed about and comply with the manufacturer's recommendations for machine operation, maintenance, safe work practices, and site o…

437-007-0710 General Machine Requirements (1) Machine seats must be securely attached. (2) Operating foot controls must be constructed of or covered with a non-slip material suitable for the footwear worn. (3) Machine decks, drums and other surfaces where workers walk or stand mu…

437-007-0715 Attaching and Spooling Line (Wire or Synthetic Rope) (1) Ends of lines attached to drums on machines must be secured by end attachments that develop the ultimate strength of the line unless three wraps of line are maintained on the drum at all times. NOTE: This does …

437-007-0720 Fairleads (1) Properly align fairleads at all times. (2) Fairleads must be of a design that will prevent line damage. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 1…

437-007-0725 Securing Machines. (1) Before the operator leaves the operator’s work station, procedures must be implemented to prevent the release of stored energy, accidental start up, or movement of the machine. (2) The employer must instruct all authorized employees how to use …

437-007-0730 Loading Machines (1) Grapple arms or other positive means of keeping logs on the forks must be used on forklift type log handling and loading machines. (2) Log loading machines must be equipped with an audible signaling device of a different tone than other signaling…

437-007-0735 Chippers (1) Access covers and doors to chippers must remain closed until the drum or disk is at a complete stop. (2) Infeed and discharge ports on chippers must prevent contact with discs, knives, or blower blades. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726…

437-007-0740 Machine Exhaust Systems (1) Machines must have an exhaust system maintained in good working order. (2) Machines must be equipped with a muffler of the type recommended by the machine manufacturer. (3) Exhaust pipes must direct the exhaust gases away from the operator…

437-007-0745 Windows and Windshields on Machines (1) Windows and windshields must: (a) Be free of deposits or defects that could endanger the operator or other personnel. (b) Be safety glass or a type of material that provides equal protection. (c) Not impair the vision of the op…

437-007-0750 Drum Brakes (1) Brakes or dogs must be installed on all machine drums and maintained in effective working condition. (2) Machine drum brakes must have an independent locking device that will hold the drum when the operator leaves the machine and the machine is not op…

437-007-0755 Machine Travel Brakes (1) Self-propelled machines built on or after July 1, 1985, must have braking systems as follows: (a) A service braking system that is the primary means of stopping and holding the equipment. (b) An emergency stopping system that is a secondary …

437-007-0760 Outriggers (1) All outriggers must be placed on a stable base or cribbing. (2) Hydraulic outriggers must have a positive holding device (velocity fuse, load check valve, manually operated valve, or equivalent) to prevent movement of the piston in the event of a hose,…

437-007-0765 Hauling or Moving Machines (1) The weight of any machine being hauled must not exceed the designed capacity of the transporting vehicle. (2) Machines must be loaded, secured and unloaded so they do not create a hazard for personnel. (3) Machines must not be moved or …

437-007-0770 Protective Structure for Operators, General Requirements (1) Cabs and protective structures for machine operators must be: (a) Provided when machine use exposes an operator to hazardous conditions. (b) Sufficient in strength and dimension to withstand the impact of m…

437-007-0775 Protective Structure For Operators, Machines Manufactured On Or After July 1, 2004 NOTE: The scope of coverage in the SAE and ISO standards referenced in OAR 437-007-0775(11) and (14) are not intended to exclude any machines included in the scope of this Division. (1…

437-007-0780 Protective Structures for Operators, Machines Used On Or After July 1, 2014 Each machine used in forest activities on or after July 1, 2014, that is excluded from the ROPS, SAE J1040 MAY94 or ISO 8082:1994 requirements, because it is capable of 360 degree upper struc…

437-007-0800 General Requirements (1) Any worker falling a tree or bucking a log must be located so their work will not endanger others. Figure 7-33 — Falling — Too Close [Figure not included. See ED. NOTE.] (2) Personnel must not approach within two tree lengths of a tree being …

437-007-0805 Mechanical Falling (1) The minimum distance between mechanical falling machines or personnel must be twice the height of the trees being felled. NOTE: Increase this distance where the operation of mechanical falling machines creates the possibility of thrown or flyin…

437-007-0810 Manual Falling (1) Falling cuts must not be made in a standing tree while anybody is in the area where the tree could fall. (2) Trees must not be felled if the wind is strong enough to prevent the tree from falling in the desired direction. (3) Domino falling is proh…

437-007-0815 Wedges (1) Wedges must be driven with a hammer or other suitable tool. (2) Two wedges must be immediately available when falling trees over 15 inches DBH. (3) Wedges must be used when falling trees that: (a) Are over 15 inches DBH. (b) Do not have a predictable lean.…

437-007-0820 Bucking Trees/Logs (1) Fallers and buckers working as a team must keep each other informed of their location. (2) When a worker is bucking, they must give a timely warning to others within range of any log that may move after being cut off. (3) Only qualified workers…

437-007-0825 Tree Jacking (1) Hydraulic tree jacks must have: (a) An internal operable load check valve, velocity fuse or equivalent device. When using hoses with a jack, the device must be installed between the ram and the first piece of hose out from the jack. (b) An operable p…

437-007-0830 Tree Pulling (1) A qualified person must determine if it is safe to pull a tree. (2) Positive communications must be maintained at all times between the tree-pulling machine operator and the person falling the tree. Citizens' band radios are not considered positive c…

437-007-0900 General Landing Work Practices (1) Before starting or moving any machine, the operator must determine that personnel are in the clear. (2) When vehicles or machines are moved within the landing area all personnel must: (a) Stay in the clear of the vehicle(s) or machi…

437-007-0905 Landings (1) Landing areas must be: (a) Large and level enough to land, heel, tail/swing or process logs without striking standing timber, rigging, trucks, vehicles, equipment, other machines or objects. NOTE: This is not intended to restrict the occasional yarding o…