Title CP, Civil Practice and Remedies Code

Sec. 101.004. STATUS OF MEDICAL RESIDENTS AND FELLOWS. For purposes of this chapter, a resident or fellow in a graduate medical training program for physicians that is sponsored by a governmental unit, including a medical and dental unit as defined by Section 61.003, Education Co…

Sec. 101.021. GOVERNMENTAL LIABILITY. A governmental unit in the state is liable for: (1) property damage, personal injury, and death proximately caused by the wrongful act or omission or the negligence of an employee acting within his scope of employment if: (A) the property dam…

Sec. 101.0211. NO LIABILITY FOR JOINT ENTERPRISE. (a) The common law doctrine of vicarious liability because of participation in a joint enterprise does not impose liability for a claim brought under this chapter on: (1) a water district created pursuant to either Sections 52(b)(…

Sec. 101.0215. LIABILITY OF A MUNICIPALITY. (a) A municipality is liable under this chapter for damages arising from its governmental functions, which are those functions that are enjoined on a municipality by law and are given it by the state as part of the state's sovereignty, …

Sec. 101.022. DUTY OWED: PREMISE AND SPECIAL DEFECTS. (a) Except as provided in Subsection (c), if a claim arises from a premise defect, the governmental unit owes to the claimant only the duty that a private person owes to a licensee on private property, unless the claimant pays…

Sec. 101.023. LIMITATION ON AMOUNT OF LIABILITY. (a) Liability of the state government under this chapter is limited to money damages in a maximum amount of $250,000 for each person and $500,000 for each single occurrence for bodily injury or death and $100,000 for each single oc…

Sec. 101.024. EXEMPLARY DAMAGES. This chapter does not authorize exemplary damages. Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 101.025. WAIVER OF GOVERNMENTAL IMMUNITY; PERMISSION TO SUE. (a) Sovereign immunity to suit is waived and abolished to the extent of liability created by this chapter. (b) A person having a claim under this chapter may sue a governmental unit for damages allowed by this chap…

Sec. 101.026. INDIVIDUAL'S IMMUNITY PRESERVED. To the extent an employee has individual immunity from a tort claim for damages, it is not affected by this chapter. Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 101.027. LIABILITY INSURANCE. (a) Each governmental unit other than a unit of state government may purchase insurance policies protecting the unit and the unit's employees against claims under this chapter. A unit of state government may purchase such a policy only to the ex…

Sec. 101.028. WORKERS' COMPENSATION INSURANCE. A governmental unit that has workers' compensation insurance or that accepts the workers' compensation laws of this state is entitled to the privileges and immunities granted by the workers' compensation laws of this state to private…

Sec. 101.029. LIABILITY FOR CERTAIN CONDUCT OF STATE PRISON INMATES. (a) The Department of Criminal Justice is liable for property damage, personal injury, and death proximately caused by the wrongful act or omission or the negligence of an inmate or state jail defendant housed i…

Sec. 101.051. SCHOOL AND JUNIOR COLLEGE DISTRICTS PARTIALLY EXCLUDED. Except as to motor vehicles, this chapter does not apply to a school district or to a junior college district. Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 101.052. LEGISLATIVE. This chapter does not apply to a claim based on an act or omission of the legislature or a member of the legislature acting in his official capacity or to the legislative functions of a governmental unit. Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept…

Sec. 101.053. JUDICIAL. (a) This chapter does not apply to a claim based on an act or omission of a court of this state or any member of a court of this state acting in his official capacity or to a judicial function of a governmental unit. "Official capacity" means all duties of…

Sec. 101.054. STATE MILITARY PERSONNEL. This chapter does not apply to a claim arising from the activities of the state military forces when on active duty under the lawful orders of competent authority. Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 101.055. CERTAIN GOVERNMENTAL FUNCTIONS. This chapter does not apply to a claim arising: (1) in connection with the assessment or collection of taxes by a governmental unit; (2) from the action of an employee while responding to an emergency call or reacting to an emergency …

Sec. 101.056. DISCRETIONARY POWERS. This chapter does not apply to a claim based on: (1) the failure of a governmental unit to perform an act that the unit is not required by law to perform; or (2) a governmental unit's decision not to perform an act or on its failure to make a d…

Sec. 101.057. CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE AND CERTAIN INTENTIONAL TORTS. This chapter does not apply to a claim: (1) based on an injury or death connected with any act or omission arising out of civil disobedience, riot, insurrection, or rebellion; or (2) arising out of assault, battery, …

Sec. 101.058. LANDOWNER'S LIABILITY. To the extent that Chapter 75 limits the liability of a governmental unit under circumstances in which the governmental unit would be liable under this chapter, Chapter 75 controls. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 520, Sec. 4, eff. Aug. 28,…

Sec. 101.059. ATTRACTIVE NUISANCES. This chapter does not apply to a claim based on the theory of attractive nuisance. Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 101.060. TRAFFIC AND ROAD CONTROL DEVICES. (a) This chapter does not apply to a claim arising from: (1) the failure of a governmental unit initially to place a traffic or road sign, signal, or warning device if the failure is a result of discretionary action of the governmen…

Sec. 101.061. TORT COMMITTED BEFORE JANUARY 1, 1970. This chapter does not apply to a claim based on an act or omission that occurred before January 1, 1970. Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 101.062. 9-1-1 EMERGENCY SERVICE. (a) In this section, "9-1-1 service" and "public agency" have the meanings assigned those terms by Section 771.001, Health and Safety Code. (b) This chapter applies to a claim against a public agency that arises from an action of an employee…

Sec. 101.063. MEMBERS OF PUBLIC HEALTH DISTRICT. A governmental unit that is a member of a public health district is not liable under this chapter for any conduct of the district's personnel or for any condition or use of the district's property. Added by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch…

Sec. 101.064. LAND ACQUIRED UNDER FORECLOSURE OF LIEN OR BY CONVEYANCE IN SATISFACTION OF CERTAIN TAX DEBT. (a) This chapter does not apply to a claim: (1) against a political subdivision of this state that acquires land: (A) as a result of the foreclosure of a lien held by the p…

Sec. 101.065. NEGLIGENCE OF OFF-DUTY LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS. This chapter does not apply to the wrongful act or omission or the negligence of an officer commissioned by the Department of Public Safety if the officer was not on active duty at the time the act, omission, or negli…

Sec. 101.066. COMPUTER DATE FAILURE. This chapter does not apply to a claim for property damage caused by a computer date failure as described by Section 147.003. Added by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 128, Sec. 3, eff. May 19, 1999.

Sec. 101.067. GRAFFITI REMOVAL. This chapter does not apply to a claim for property damage caused by the removal of graffiti under Section 250.006, Local Government Code. Added by Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 1130 (H.B. 2086), Sec. 27, eff. September 1, 2009. SUBCHAPTER D. PRO…

Sec. 101.101. NOTICE. (a) A governmental unit is entitled to receive notice of a claim against it under this chapter not later than six months after the day that the incident giving rise to the claim occurred. The notice must reasonably describe: (1) the damage or injury claimed;…

Sec. 101.102. COMMENCEMENT OF SUIT. (a) A suit under this chapter shall be brought in state court in the county in which the cause of action or a part of the cause of action arises. (b) The pleadings of the suit must name as defendant the governmental unit against which liability…

Sec. 101.103. LEGAL REPRESENTATION. (a) The attorney general shall defend each action brought under this chapter against a governmental unit that has authority and jurisdiction coextensive with the geographical limits of this state. The attorney general may be fully assisted by c…

Sec. 101.104. EVIDENCE OF INSURANCE COVERAGE. (a) Neither the existence nor the amount of insurance held by a governmental unit is admissible in the trial of a suit under this chapter. (b) Neither the existence nor the amount of the insurance is subject to discovery. Acts 1985, 6…

Sec. 101.105. SETTLEMENT. (a) A cause of action under this chapter may be settled and compromised by the governmental unit if, in a case involving the state the governor determines, or if, in other cases the governing body of the governmental unit determines, that the compromise …

Sec. 101.106. ELECTION OF REMEDIES. (a) The filing of a suit under this chapter against a governmental unit constitutes an irrevocable election by the plaintiff and immediately and forever bars any suit or recovery by the plaintiff against any individual employee of the governmen…

Sec. 101.107. PAYMENT AND COLLECTION OF JUDGMENT. (a) A judgment in a suit under this chapter may be enforced only in the same manner and to the same extent as other judgments against the governmental unit are enforceable as provided by law, unless the governmental unit has liabi…

Sec. 101.108. AD VALOREM TAXES FOR PAYMENT OF JUDGMENT. (a) A governmental unit not fully covered by liability insurance may levy an ad valorem tax for the payment of any final judgment under this chapter. (b) If necessary to pay the amount of a judgment, the ad valorem tax rate …

Sec. 101.109. PAYMENT OF CLAIMS AGAINST CERTAIN UNIVERSITIES. A claim under this chapter against a state-supported senior college or university is payable only by a direct legislative appropriation made to satisfy claims unless insurance has been acquired as provided by this chap…

Sec. 102.001. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter: (1) "Employee" includes an officer, volunteer, or employee, a former officer, volunteer, or employee, and the estate of an officer, volunteer, or employee or former officer, volunteer, or employee of a local government. The term include…

Sec. 102.002. PAYMENT OF CERTAIN TORT CLAIMS. (a) A local government may pay actual damages awarded against an employee of the local government if the damages: (1) result from an act or omission of the employee in the course and scope of his employment for the local government; a…

Sec. 102.003. MAXIMUM PAYMENTS. Payments under this chapter by a local government may not exceed: (1) $100,000 to any one person or $300,000 for any single occurrence in the case of personal injury or death; or (2) $10,000 for a single occurrence of property damage, unless the lo…

Sec. 102.004. DEFENSE COUNSEL. (a) A local government may provide legal counsel to represent a defendant for whom the local government may pay damages under this chapter. The counsel provided by the local government may be the local government's regularly employed counsel, unless…

Sec. 102.005. SECURITY FOR COURT COSTS NOT REQUIRED. In a case defended under this chapter, neither the defendant nor a local government is required to advance security for costs or to give bond on appeal or writ of error. Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985…

Sec. 102.006. OTHER LAWS NOT AFFECTED. This chapter does not affect: (1) Chapter 101 of this code (the Texas Tort Claims Act); or (2) a defense, immunity, or jurisdictional bar available to a local government or an employee. Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 19…

Sec. 102A.001. DEFINITION. In this chapter, "person" means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, agency or instrumentality, public corporation, any legal or commercial entity, or protected or…

Sec. 102A.0015. APPLICABILITY. In this chapter, a reference to a municipality or county includes a public health district created by one or more municipalities or counties. Added by Acts 2025, 89th Leg., R.S., Ch. 48 (S.B. 1008), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2025.