Chapter 296-155 Safety standards for construction work.

(1) Scope. This appendix contains information that can be used when timber shoring is provided as a method of protection from cave-ins in trenches that do not exceed 20 feet (6.1 m) in depth. This appendix must be used when design of timber shoring protective systems is to be per…

(1) Scope. This appendix contains information that can be used when aluminum hydraulic shoring is provided as a method of protection against cave-ins in trenches that do not exceed 20 feet (6.1m) in depth. This appendix must be used when design of the aluminum hydraulic protectiv…

Appendix E to part N - Alternatives to Timber ShoringFigure N-23, Aluminum Hydraulic ShoringFigure N-24, Pneumatic/hydraulic ShoringFigure N-25, Trench Jacks (Screw Jacks)Figure N-26, Trench Shields[Statutory Authority: Chapter 49.17 RCW and RCW 49.17.040, [49.17].050 and [49.17]…

The following figures are a graphic summary of the requirements contained in Part N for excavations 20 feet or less in depth. Protective systems for use in excavations more than 20 feet in depth must be designed by a registered professional engineer in accordance with WAC 296-155…

(1) Scope and application. This part sets forth requirements to protect all construction employees from the hazards associated with concrete and masonry construction operations performed in workplaces covered under chapter 296-155 WAC.(2) Definitions applicable to this part.Bull …

(1) General. All equipment, material and construction techniques used in concrete construction and masonry work must meet the applicable requirements for design, construction, inspection, testing, maintenance and operations as prescribed in ANSI A10.9-1997, Concrete and Masonry W…

You must not use structural members with studs, dowels, or shear connectors installed on the top side as a walkway and/or means of access unless such studs, dowels, or shear connectors are covered with suitable material and in such a manner as to provide a walking surface at leas…

(1) Bulk cement storage. Bulk storage bins, containers, and silos must be equipped with the following:(a) Conical or tapered bottoms; and(b) Mechanical or pneumatic means of starting the flow of material.(2) You must not permit any employee to enter storage facilities unless the …

(1) Scaffolds for use of cement finishers must comply with the requirements of chapter 296-874 WAC, Scaffolds.(2) Where grinders, chippers, and other equipment is used which creates a thrust force while working on scaffolding, you must securely tie such scaffold to a structure or…

(1) General requirements for formwork and placing and removal of forms.(a) Formwork must be designed, fabricated, erected, supported, braced, and maintained so that it will be capable of supporting without failure all vertical and lateral loads that may reasonably be anticipated …

(1) Metal tubular frames used for shoring must have allowable loads based on tests conducted according to the Recommended Procedure for Compression Testing of Scaffolds and Shores, Scaffolding & Shoring Institute, 1967.(2) Design of shoring layouts must be based on allowable load…

(1) Tube and coupler towers used for shoring must have allowable loads based on tests conducted according to the Recommended Procedure for Compression Testing of Scaffolds and Shores, Scaffolding & Shoring Institute, 1967.(2) Design of shoring layouts must be based on working loa…

(1) When checking erected single post shores with the shoring layout, the spacing between shores in either direction must not exceed that shown on the layout, and all clamps, screws, pins, and all other components must be in the closed or engaged position.(2) For stability, singl…

(1) Slip forms must be designed and constructed, and the form movement carried out, under the immediate supervision of a person or persons experienced in slip form design and operation. Drawings prepared by a qualified engineer, showing the jack layout, formwork, working decks, a…

(1) When moved or raised by crane, cableway, A-frame, or similar mechanical device, forms must be securely attached to slings having a minimum safety factor of 5. Use of No. 9 tie wire, fiber rope, and similar makeshift lashing is prohibited.(2) You must use taglines in moving pa…

General requirements for formwork.(This Appendix is nonmandatory.)This Appendix serves as a nonmandatory guideline to assist employers in complying with the formwork requirements in WAC 296-155-684 (1)(a). Formwork which has been designed, fabricated, erected, braced, supported, …

(1) It must be the responsibility of the contractor to use accessories which are designed to be compatible.(2) You must know the design capacity of all lifting devices and accessories. You must use the devices and accessories with the appropriate capacity.(3) Prior to pouring the…

(1) Lift-slab operations must be designed and planned by a registered professional engineer who has experience in lift-slab construction. You must implement such plans and designs and they must include detailed instructions and sketches indicating the prescribed method of erectio…

(1) General provisions.(a) Deadheads used in post tensioning of tendons must be the type that will increase the grip on the cable as the tension is increased.(b) Proper means and equipment must be used to prevent the over-tensioning of the tendons.(c) Only qualified workers must …

(1) You must establish a limited access zone whenever a masonry wall is being constructed. The limited access zone must conform to the following:(2) You must establish the limited access zone prior to the start of construction of the wall.(3) The limited access zone must be equal…

(This Appendix is nonmandatory.)The following nonmandatory references provide information which can be helpful in understanding and complying with the requirements contained in Part O.• Accident Prevention Manual for Industrial Operations; 8th Edition; National Safety Council.• B…

(1)(a) This part applies to employers involved in the construction, alteration and repair of single or multistory buildings, bridges, and a variety of other structures. This part applies to employers involved in steel erection unless specifically excluded.(b) Examples of steel er…

Anchored bridging. When the steel joist bridging is connected to a bridging terminus point.Bolted diagonal bridging. Diagonal bridging that is bolted to a steel joist or joists.Bridging clip. A device that is attached to the steel joist to allow the bolting of the bridging to the…

(1) Before steel erection work can start the controlling contractor must ensure the steel erector is provided written notifications that:(a) The concrete in the footings, piers and walls and the mortar in the masonry piers and walls has attained either:• 75% of the intended minim…

(1) All the applicable provisions of Part L of this chapter apply to hoisting and rigging while using a crane/derrick. All applicable provisions of Part F-1 of this chapter apply to material handling hoisting equipment when a crane/derrick is not being used.(2) In addition, subse…

(1) You must maintain structural stability at all times during the erection process.Note:Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) regulations incorporate by reference a number of standards, policies, and standard specifications published by the American Association of State Highway …

(1) General requirements for erection stability.(a) You must anchor all columns by a minimum of 4 anchor rods (anchor bolts).(b) Each column anchor rod (anchor bolt) assembly, including the column-to-base plate weld and the column foundation, must be designed to resist a minimum …

(1) General.(a) During the final placing of solid web structural members, you must not release the load from the hoisting line until the members are secured with at least two bolts per connection. These bolts must be of the same size and strength as shown in the erection drawings…

(1) General.(a) Where steel joists are used and columns are not framed in at least two directions with solid web structural steel members, a steel joist must be field-bolted at the column to provide lateral stability to the column during erection.Exception:See (b) of this subsect…

(1) All of the requirements of this part apply to the erection of systems-engineered metal buildings except WAC 296-155-707 (column anchorage) and WAC 296-155-709 (open web steel joists).(2) Each structural column must be anchored by a minimum of 4 anchor rods (anchor bolts).(3) …

(1) Securing loose items aloft. You must secure all materials, equipment, and tools, which are not in use while aloft, against accidental displacement.(2) Protection from falling objects other than materials being hoisted. The controlling contractor must bar other construction pr…

(1) General requirements.(a) Fall protection will be in accordance with chapter 296-880 WAC, Unified safety standards for fall protection.(b) During steel erection activities, fall protection must be as required by chapter 296-880 WAC, Unified safety standards for fall protection…

(1) Training personnel. Training required by this section must be provided by a qualified person(s).(2) Fall hazard training. You must train each employee exposed to a fall hazard in accordance with the requirements of this chapter. You must institute a training program as requir…

Acceptable. Any device, equipment, or appliance that is either approved by MSHA and maintained in permissible condition, or is listed or labeled for the class and location under Part I of this chapter.Bulkhead. An airtight structure separating the working chamber from free air or…

(1) Scope and application.(a) This section applies to the construction of underground tunnels, shafts, chambers, and passageways. This section also applies to cut-and-cover excavations which are both physically connected to ongoing underground construction operations within the s…

(1) Wherever, in caisson work in which compressed air is used, and the working chamber is less than 11 feet in length, and when such caissons are at any time suspended or hung while work is in progress so that the bottom of the excavation is more than 9 feet below the deck of the…

(1) If overtopping of the cofferdam by high waters is possible, you must provide means for controlled flooding of the work area.(2) You must develop and post signals for evacuation of employees in case of emergency.(3) You must provide cofferdam walkways, bridges, or ramps with a…

(1) General provisions.(a) There must be present, at all times, at least one competent person designated by and representing the employer, who must be familiar with this part in all respects and responsible for full compliance with these and other applicable parts.(b) You must in…

appendix a—decompression tables(1) Explanation. The decompression tables are computed for working chamber pressures from 0 to 14 pounds, and from 14 to 50 pounds per square inch gauge inclusive by 2-pound increments and for exposure times for each pressure extending from one-half…

(1) Roofers hoisting jack must be constructed to withstand the contemplated load to be hoisted. The beam from counter balance point to heel of jack must be at least 3/4 the length of the entire beam.(2) You must counterweight hoisting jack with a minimum of 3 times the contemplat…

(1) Stationary dragline machines must have all moving parts which are exposed to contact guarded with standard safeguards.(a) You must inspect all running lines, straps, etc., and they must be changed when 10% of the wires in a 3 foot length are broken.(b) Spars must be properly …

(1) When structures are being raised, lowered, temporarily held in position or moved laterally, you must exercise care to prevent the possibility of mishap.(2) You must carefully compute weights to be moved and furnish equipment to provide a safety factor of 5.(3) Where excavatio…

(1) Definitions applicable to this section.Accessory. A secondary part or assembly of parts which contributes to the overall function and usefulness of a machine.Appointed. Assigned specific responsibilities by the employer or the employer's representative.Authorized person. A pe…

(1) General requirements.(a) The employer must comply with the manufacturer's specifications and limitations applicable to the operation of all hoists and elevators. Where the manufacturer's specifications are not available, the limitations assigned to the equipment must be based…

(1) General requirements.(a) You must guard exposed moving parts such as gears, projecting screws, setscrews, chain, cables, chain sprockets, and reciprocating or rotating parts, which constitute a hazard.(b) All controls used during the normal operation cycle must be located wit…

(1) General requirements.(a) The safe working load of the overhead hoist, as determined by the manufacturer, must be indicated on the hoist, you must not exceed and this safe working load.(b) The supporting structure to which the hoist is attached must have a safe working load eq…

(1) All conveyors in use must meet the applicable requirements for design, construction, inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation, as prescribed in ANSI B20.1-1976, Safety Code for Conveyors, Cableways, and Related Equipment.(2) Starting precautions.(a) When the entire len…

(1) Cableways must be designed to withstand the maximum required load with a safety factor of 5 on all its parts.(2) You must install safety stay lines at anchor ends and equal in strength to the cableway.(3) Where towers are required you must securely guy them or ensure that the…

(1) A concrete bucket tower located inside a structure, and which is 3 feet or less from any scaffold or the edge of the shaftway or floor opening in which it is installed, must be enclosed on all sides with heavy wire netting formed of No. 16 U.S. gauge 1 1/2 inch mesh. Wood sla…

(1) All gearing on hoisting engines must be enclosed. Steam piping subject to contact must be insulated and if electrical equipment is used, it must be grounded.(2) Hoisting engines must be of ample capacity and equipped with brakes capable of sustaining 150% of rated load for st…