Washington Administrative Code

(1) The employer must establish a regulated area wherever occupational exposures to airborne concentrations of EtO may exceed the TWA or wherever the EtO concentration exceeds or can reasonably be expected to exceed the excursion limit.(2) Access to regulated areas must be limite…

(1) Engineering controls and work practices.(a) The employer must institute engineering controls and work practices to reduce and maintain employee exposure to or below the TWA and to or below the excursion limit, except to the extent that such controls are not feasible.(b) Where…

(1) General. For employees who use respirators required by this section, the employer must provide respirators that comply with the requirements of WAC 296-62-07355 through 296-62-07389. Respirators must be used during:(a) Periods necessary to install or implement feasible engine…

(1) Written plan.(a) A written plan for emergency situations must be developed for each workplace where there is a possibility of an emergency. Appropriate portions of the plan must be implemented in the event of an emergency.(b) The plan must specifically provide that employees …

(1) General.(a) Employees covered.(i) The employer must institute a medical surveillance program for all employees who are or may be exposed to EtO at or above the action level, without regard to the use of respirators, for at least thirty days a year.(ii) The employer must make …

(1) Hazard communication - General.(a) Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors and employers must comply with all requirements of the Hazard Communication Standard (HCS), WAC 296-901-140 for EtO.(b) In classifying the hazards of EtO at least the following hazards are to b…

(1) Objective data for exempted operations.(a) Where the processing, use, or handling of products made from or containing EtO are exempted from other requirements of WAC 296-62-07355 through 296-62-07389 under WAC 296-62-07355, or where objective data have been relied on in lieu …

(1) Employee observation. The employer must provide affected employees or their designated representatives an opportunity to observe any monitoring of employee exposure to EtO conducted in accordance with WAC 296-62-07361.(2) Observation procedures. When observation of the monito…

The information contained in the appendices is not intended by itself to create any additional obligations not otherwise imposed or to detract from any existing obligation.[Statutory Authority: Chapter 49.17 RCW. WSR 87-24-051 (Order 87-24), § 296-62-07381, filed 11/30/87.]

(1) Substance identification(a) Substance: Ethylene oxide (C2H4O).(b) Synonyms: Dihydrooxirene, dimethylene oxide, EO, 1,2-epoxyethane, EtO, ETO, oxacyclopropane, oxane, oxidoethane, alpha/beta-oxidoethane, oxiran, oxirane.(c) Ethylene oxide can be found as a liquid or vapor.(d) …

(1) Physical and chemical data:(a) Substance identification:(i) Synonyms: Dihydrooxirene, dimethylene oxide, EO, 1,2-epoxyethane, EtO, ETO, oxacyclopropane, oxane, oxidoethane, alpha/beta-oxidoethane, oxiran, oxirane.(ii) Formula: (C2H4O).(iii) Molecular weight: 44.06.(b) Physica…

(1) Route of entry: Inhalation.(2) Toxicology:(a) Clinical evidence of adverse effects associated with the exposure to EtO is present in the form of increased incidence of cancer in laboratory animals (leukemia, stomach, brain), mutation in offspring in animals, and resorptions a…

(1) A number of methods are available for monitoring employee exposures to EtO. Most of these involve the use of charcoal tubes and sampling pumps, followed by analysis of the samples by gas chromatograph. The essential differences between the charcoal tube methods include, among…

[Statutory Authority: Chapter 49.17 RCW. WSR 93-07-044 (Order 93-01), § 296-62-074, filed 3/13/93, effective 4/27/93.]

This standard applies to all occupational exposures to cadmium and cadmium compounds, in all forms, and in all industries covered by the Washington Industrial Safety and Health Act, except the construction-related industries, which are covered under WAC 296-155-174.[Statutory Aut…

Action level (AL). An airborne concentration of cadmium of 2.5 micrograms per cubic meter of air (2.5 µg/m3), calculated as an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA).Authorized person. Any person authorized by the employer and required by work duties to be present in regulated areas …

The employer must ensure that no employee is exposed to an airborne concentration of cadmium in excess of five micrograms per cubic meter of air (5 µg/m3), calculated as an 8-hour time-weighted average exposure (TWA).[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.010, 49.17.040, 49.17.050, and …

(1) General.(a) Each employer who has a workplace or work operation covered by this section must determine if any employee may be exposed to cadmium at or above the action level.(b) Determinations of employee exposure must be made from breathing zone air samples that reflect the …

(1) Establishment. The employer must establish a regulated area wherever an employee's exposure to airborne concentrations of cadmium is, or can reasonably be expected to be in excess of the permissible exposure limit (PEL).(2) Demarcation. Regulated areas must be demarcated from…

(1) Compliance hierarchy.(a) Except as specified in (b), (c), and (d) of this subsection, the employer must implement engineering and work practice controls to reduce and maintain employee exposure to cadmium at or below the PEL, except to the extent that the employer can demonst…

(1) General. For employees who use respirators required by this section, the employer must provide each employee an appropriate respirator that complies with the requirements of this subsection. Respirators must be used during:(a) Periods necessary to install or implement feasibl…

The employer must develop and implement a written plan for dealing with emergency situations involving substantial releases of airborne cadmium. The plan must include provisions for the use of appropriate respirators and personal protective equipment. In addition, employees not e…

(1) Provision and use. If an employee is exposed to airborne cadmium above the PEL or where skin or eye irritation is associated with cadmium exposure at any level, the employer must provide at no cost to the employee, and ensure that the employee uses, appropriate protective wor…

(1) General. For employees whose airborne exposure to cadmium is above the PEL, the employer must provide clean change rooms, handwashing facilities, showers, and lunchroom facilities that comply with WAC 296-800-230.(2) Change rooms. The employer must ensure that change rooms ar…

(1) All surfaces must be maintained as free as practicable of accumulations of cadmium.(2) All spills and sudden releases of material containing cadmium must be cleaned up as soon as possible.(3) Surfaces contaminated with cadmium must, wherever possible, be cleaned by vacuuming …

(1) General.(a) Scope.(i) Currently exposed. The employer must institute a medical surveillance program for all employees who are or may be exposed to cadmium at or above the action level unless the employer demonstrates that the employee is not, and will not be, exposed at or ab…

(1) General. Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors and employers must comply with all requirements of WAC 296-901-140 Hazard communication.(2) In classifying the hazards of cadmium at least the following hazards are to be addressed: Cancer; lung effects; kidney effects;…

(1) Exposure monitoring.(a) The employer must establish and keep an accurate record of all air monitoring for cadmium in the workplace.(b) This record must include at least the following information:(i) The monitoring date, duration, and results in terms of an 8-hour TWA of each …

(1) Employee observation. The employer must provide affected employees or their designated representatives an opportunity to observe any monitoring of employee exposure to cadmium.(2) Observation procedures. When observation of monitoring requires entry into an area where the use…

WAC 296-62-07441, Appendix A; WAC 296-62-07443, Appendix B; WAC 296-62-07447, Appendix D; WAC 296-62-07449, Appendix E; and WAC 296-62-07451, Appendix F are nonmandatory appendices and are not intended to create any additional obligations.[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.010, [49.…

(1) Substance identification.(a) Substance: Cadmium.(b) 8-Hour, time-weighted-average, permissible exposure limit (TWA PEL):(c) TWA PEL: Five micrograms of cadmium per cubic meter of air 5 µg/m3, time-weighted average (TWA) for an 8-hour workday.(d) Appearance: Cadmium metal—soft…

(1) Cadmium metal.(a) Physical and chemical data.(i) Substance identification.Chemical name: Cadmium.Formula: Cd.Molecular Weight: 112.4.Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry No.: 7740-43-9.Other identifiers: RETCS EU9800000; EPA D006; DOT 2570 53.Synonyms: Colloidal Cadmium:…

(To be read by employee and signed prior to the interview.)Please answer the questions you will be asked as completely and carefully as you can. These questions are asked of everyone who works with cadmium. You will also be asked to give blood and urine samples. The doctor will g…

Method number: ID-189 (OSHA); (ICP/MS) 0009 (WISHA) Matrix: AirWISHA permissible exposure limits: 5 µg/m3 (TWA), 2.5 µg/m3 (action level TWA)Collection procedure: A known volume of air is drawn through a 37-mm diameter filter cassette containing a 0.8 µm mixed cellulose ester mem…

Appendix F is not included in this standard due to limited employer/employee application. The following is a brief synopsis of the content of Appendix F to 29 C.F.R. 1910.1027, Cadmium.(1) The medical monitoring program for cadmium requires that blood and urine samples must be co…

(1) Scope and application.(a) This section applies to all occupational exposures to 1,3-Butadiene (BD), Chemical Abstracts Service Registry No. 106-99-0, except as provided in (b) of this subsection.(b)(i) Except for the recordkeeping provisions in subsection (13)(a) of this sect…

This occupational health standard establishes requirements for employers to control occupational exposure to methylene chloride (MC). Employees exposed to MC are at increased risk of developing cancer, adverse effects on the heart, central nervous system and liver, and skin or ey…

Substance Safety Data Sheet and Technical Guidelines for Methylene ChlorideI. Substance IdentificationA. Substance: Methylene chloride (CH2Cl2).B. Synonyms: MC, Dichloromethane (DCM); Methylene dichloride; Methylene bichloride; Methane dichloride; CAS: 75-09-2; NCI-C50102.C. Phys…

Medical Surveillance for Methylene ChlorideI. Primary Route of Entry Inhalation.II. Toxicology.Methylene Chloride (MC) is primarily an inhalation hazard. The principal acute hazardous effects are the depressant action on the central nervous system, possible cardiac toxicity and p…

Questions and AnswersMethylene Chloride Control in Furniture Stripping(Adapted from NIOSH publication No. 93-133)IntroductionThis appendix answers commonly asked questions about the hazards from exposure to methylene chloride. It also describes approaches to controlling methylene…

[Statutory Authority: Chapter 49.17 RCW. WSR 90-09-026 (Order 90-01), § 296-62-07517, filed 4/10/90, effective 5/25/90; WSR 87-24-051 (Order 87-24), § 296-62-07517, filed 11/30/87. Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.050(2) and 49.17.040. WSR 87-10-008 (Order 87-06), § 296-62-07517, f…

(1) Scope and application. This section applies to occupational exposure to thiram (tetramethylthiuram disulfide), in addition to those requirements listed in chapter 296-841 WAC, Airborne contaminants. Nothing in this section shall preclude the application of other appropriate s…

(1) Scope and application.(a) This section applies to all occupational exposure to lead, except as provided in subdivision (1)(b).(b) This section does not apply to the construction industry or to agricultural operations covered by chapter 296-307 WAC.(2) Definitions as applicabl…

Measurements taken for the purpose of determining employee exposure to benzene are best taken so that the representative average eight-hour exposure may be determined from a single eight-hour sample or two four-hour samples. Short-time interval samples (or grab samples) may also …

Note:The requirements in this chapter apply only to agriculture. The general industry requirements relating to formaldehyde have been moved to chapter 296-856 WAC, Formaldehyde.(1) Scope and application. This standard applies to all occupational exposures to formaldehyde, i.e., f…

(1) The following substance technical guideline for formalin provides information on uninhibited formalin solution (thirty-seven percent formaldehyde, no methanol stabilizer). It is designed to inform employees at the production level of their rights and duties under the formalde…

(1) To protect the health of employees, exposure measurements must be unbiased and representative of employee exposure. The proper measurement of employee exposure requires more than a token commitment on the part of the employer. WISHA's mandatory requirements establish a baseli…

(1) Health hazards. The occupational health hazards of formaldehyde are primarily due to its toxic effects after inhalation, after direct contact with the skin or eyes by formaldehyde in liquid or vapor form, and after ingestion.(2) Toxicology.(a) Acute effects of exposure.(i) In…

(1) Identification.(a)Plant name:(b)Date:(c)Employee name:(d)Social Security number:(e)Job title:(f)Birthdate:(g)Age:(h)Sex:(i)Height:(j)Weight:(2)Medical history.(a)Have you ever been in the hospital as a patient?Yes □ No □If yes, what kind of problem were you having?(b)Have you…

[Statutory Authority: Chapter 49.17 RCW. WSR 93-04-111 (Order 92-15), § 296-62-076, filed 2/3/93, effective 3/15/93.]