Producer
China Southern Rare Earth Group
State-controlled enterprise dominating heavy rare earth production from ionic clay deposits in southern China (Jiangxi, Guangdong, Fujian). Principal supplier of dysprosium and terbium globally. Formed 2011 by consolidation of six regional rare earth companies under SASAC mandate.
2
Inputs supplied
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Goods downstream
1
Facilities
0
Stories
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2 inputs China Southern Rare Earth Group supplies
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Heavy Rare Earth Mining (Ionic Clay)
40%Rare Earth Separation & Processing
35%Rare Earth Alloys & Magnets
20%Minor Rare Earth Elements
5%
Intelligence
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Did you know2022
China Southern Rare Earth's dysprosium and terbium are simultaneously critical inputs for the EV transition supply chain (dysprosium-doped NdFeB magnets in Tesla, GM Ultium, and BYD traction motors), the wind energy supply chain (high-coercivity NdFeB magnets in direct-drive offshore wind turbine generators like those from Siemens Gamesa and Vestas), and the US defense supply chain (the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter uses approximately 417 kg of rare earth materials per aircraft, including dysprosium for motor magnets). The global green energy transition away from fossil fuels and the US military's ability to build and deploy modern weapons systems both depend on the same Jiangxi ionic clay deposits controlled by a Chinese state enterprise. No significant dysprosium or terbium production exists outside China — unlike light rare earths (which have significant non-Chinese sources including MP Materials in California and Lynas in Australia), heavy rare earths have no viable non-Chinese substitute supply chain at current or planned scale. The US is simultaneously asking China Southern Rare Earth for the materials to fight climate change (EV motors, wind turbines) and potentially to counter Chinese military power (F-35 and missile system magnets).
US Department of Defense ↗Origin2023
China Southern Rare Earth Group was formed in 2011 by consolidating six regional rare earth companies in Jiangxi Province under a SASAC (State-Owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission) mandate — itself a response to what the Chinese government identified as a national security vulnerability: the fragmented, often illegal small-scale rare earth mining in Jiangxi and Guangdong provinces was undermining China's ability to control the strategic resource. Before 2011, the Ganzhou area of Jiangxi Province (the heart of the world's heavy rare earth ionic clay deposits) had thousands of small-scale illegal mining operations that caused severe environmental damage and sold dysprosium and terbium at prices that undermined state strategic pricing objectives. The 2011 consolidation was part of China's broader effort to formalize control over the rare earth supply chain, following the 2010 rare earth export restriction dispute with Japan (when China temporarily cut rare earth exports to Japan during the Senkaku Islands territorial dispute, causing Japan's electronics industry to panic). CSRE was created not just as an industrial enterprise but as an instrument of Chinese state control over materials that the rest of the world needs for the green energy transition and for military electronics.
China Southern Rare Earth Group Co., Ltd. ↗