Producer
Energy Fuels Inc.
U.S. uranium and rare earth company (NYSE: UUUU); recovering rare earth oxides as a byproduct of uranium ore processing at White Mesa Mill, Blanding, Utah — the only operating conventional uranium mill in the U.S. Commissioned commercial Phase 1 rare earth separations circuit in April 2024; began NdPr commercial production 2024. Lanthanum removed via solvent extraction (SX) circuit as a byproduct, producing Ce-plus REE carbonate. 2025 expansion: building U.S. heavy rare earth processing capability. Unique position: uranium economics subsidize rare earth processing, potentially enabling below-market rare earth pricing.
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Uranium (White Mesa Mill)
50%Rare Earth Separation (NdPr, 2024+)
30%Rare Earth Byproduct (Ce, La)
15%Vanadium Recovery
5%
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Did you know2024
Energy Fuels' White Mesa Mill simultaneously produces uranium oxide (yellowcake) for US nuclear reactor fuel cycles AND NdPr oxide for EV motor permanent magnets -- from the same Utah facility. Nuclear energy and electric vehicles are both classified as clean energy technologies; both require Energy Fuels' White Mesa Mill to operate. A regulatory action affecting uranium mill operations (eg. NRC compliance action, Bears Ears monument boundary dispute affecting ore transport routes, or a water rights conflict in the drought-stressed Colorado Plateau) would simultaneously affect US domestic uranium supply for nuclear power AND US domestic NdPr oxide production for the EV supply chain. The Department of Energy (uranium fuel) and Department of Defense (rare earth supply chain) both have strategic interests in White Mesa Mill's continued operation, but these interests are managed through entirely separate regulatory and procurement frameworks that do not coordinate on facility-level risk.
Energy Fuels Inc. ↗Origin2023
Energy Fuels was primarily a uranium mining company serving the US nuclear power fuel cycle. The White Mesa Mill in Blanding, Utah -- a remote canyon country location 13 miles south of the Bears Ears National Monument -- is the only operating conventional uranium mill in the United States, built in 1980. Energy Fuels recognized that rare earth elements occur in uranium ore deposits as naturally associated minerals: uranium-bearing formations in the US Southwest (Colorado Plateau, Wyoming) often contain monazite, xenotime, and other rare earth phosphate minerals. Rather than discarding the rare earth content as a waste stream, Energy Fuels commissioned a commercial rare earth separation circuit at White Mesa in April 2024, beginning NdPr oxide production as a byproduct of uranium processing. The uranium economics effectively subsidize the rare earth circuit: fixed costs are already paid by uranium production, making the marginal cost of rare earth recovery potentially competitive with Chinese production. A uranium mill producing EV magnet materials from nuclear fuel processing waste is one of the more counter-intuitive supply chain configurations in advanced materials.
Energy Fuels Inc. ↗