Producer
Guizhou Redstar Developing
Chinese manganese products company (SHEX: 600891) headquartered in Guizhou Province; major EMD producer and manganese ore miner. Owns 250,000 tonne/year manganese carbonate mining capacity. Q1 2024 EMD production: ~3,791 tonnes. Vertically integrated from Guizhou manganese ore mining through EMD production for alkaline battery cathode supply. Part of China's dominant position in global EMD (China collectively ~60%+ of global supply).
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Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide (EMD)
45%Manganese Carbonate Mining
30%Manganese Alloys (Steel)
20%Chemical Products
5%
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Did you know2023
Guizhou Redstar produces EMD for alkaline battery cathodes (consumer battery supply chain) AND ferromanganese for steel alloy production (construction and manufacturing supply chain) AND manganese sulfate for EV battery cathode active material (LMO -- lithium manganese oxide, used in some EV battery chemistries). The consumer electronics battery supply chain (alkaline AA batteries), the steel construction supply chain (ferromanganese for rebar and structural steel), and the EV battery supply chain (LMO cathode material) all source manganese from the same Guizhou Province Chinese mining cluster -- including Guizhou Redstar. A Chinese government restriction on manganese exports (similar to the 2023 germanium/gallium export controls and the 2025 rare earth controls) would simultaneously affect alkaline battery production, steel alloy manufacturing, and EV battery chemistry globally. Three industries share a Chinese manganese dependency without shared supply chain monitoring.
US Geological Survey ↗Origin2023
Guizhou Redstar Developing is headquartered in Guizhou Province -- China's most mineral-rich inland province, which also holds the world's largest bauxite and phosphate reserves alongside significant manganese. Guizhou's industrial development strategy has centered on its mineral wealth: manganese mining and processing clusters developed around Zunyi and Tongren in the northern part of the province during China's industrialization era. Guizhou Redstar built vertical integration from manganese ore mining through EMD production -- electrolytic manganese dioxide, produced by electrochemical oxidation of manganese sulfate solution. EMD is the cathode material in alkaline batteries (AA, AAA, C, D, and 9V cells), providing the manganese dioxide that accepts electrons when the battery discharges. China's EMD industry, centered in Guizhou, collectively produces over 60% of global EMD supply. Guizhou Redstar's position within that cluster gives it scale advantages in ore sourcing and processing while remaining dependent on the overall health of global alkaline battery demand.
Guizhou Redstar Developing ↗