Producer
Minsur S.A.
Peruvian mining company; operates San Rafael tin mine in Puno Region (Eastern Andes, 4,500-5,200m elevation) — one of the world's largest underground tin mines. Produced ~8,390 tonnes tin-in-concentrate in Q2 2025; ranks as world's 3rd largest tin producer by ore volume at ~12% global share. Ore grade: ~2.13% average. Notable: first and (as of 2024) only tin producer to offer a fully traceable supply chain (since 2019, scaled 2023) — a growing requirement for conflict-mineral-conscious glass and electronics buyers. Minsur is owned by the Breca Group (Peru's largest private business group).
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San Rafael Tin Mine (Puno, Peru)
70%Tin Smelting & Refined Products
20%Brazil Operations (Taboca)
10%
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Did you know2023
Minsur's San Rafael tin mine supplies refined tin for two completely unrelated supply chains: the float glass industry (tin bath for flat glass manufacturing -- the molten tin surface on which molten glass floats to create perfectly flat panels) and the electronics industry (tin-silver-copper solder for PCB assembly, tin for component lead-free finishing). Glass manufacturers and electronics manufacturers buy refined tin from the same small number of global producers, including Minsur. The float glass industry needs tin that is high-purity but does not require specific conflict-mineral traceability for most applications. The electronics industry increasingly requires tin with conflict-mineral documentation under Dodd-Frank 1502 and EU regulations. Minsur's San Rafael traceable supply chain positions it to serve the electronics compliance market AND the glass market simultaneously -- from the same Peruvian mine at 4,500 meters. A geological event at San Rafael (the mine has experienced seismic and water ingress events) would simultaneously constrain tin supply for glass manufacturing and for electronics PCB assembly globally.
Minsur S.A. ↗Origin2023
San Rafael mine was discovered in 1966 and has been in continuous operation since 1979 -- the only major tin mine to operate continuously above 4,500 meters altitude in the Peruvian Andes. The mine was developed by the Peruvian state mining company (Tintaya) before being acquired by Minsur, which is owned by the Brescia family through the Breca Group, Peru's largest private business conglomerate. The San Rafael deposit is unique in its ore grade (averaging 2.13% tin) and size -- most global tin deposits are lower grade and smaller. At 4,500-5,200 meters elevation, the mine faces altitude-related operational challenges (reduced oxygen for workers and equipment, access road exposure to Andean weather) that limit competition from new entrants even if high tin prices would otherwise attract investment. Minsur launched a fully traceable supply chain in 2019 -- the first in the global tin industry -- in anticipation of EU and US conflict mineral regulations that require proof of non-conflict sourcing. The San Rafael traceability premium is becoming commercially significant as European glass manufacturers face ESG due diligence requirements for their tin bath inputs.
Minsur S.A. ↗Concentration2023
Minsur's San Rafael mine in Puno, Peru (4,500-5,200m altitude, Eastern Andes) is the only tin producer in the world offering a fully traceable supply chain — from mine to smelter to end user — with independent third-party verification since 2019. As conflict-mineral regulations tighten (EU Conflict Minerals Regulation, Dodd-Frank Section 1502) and float glass buyers face ESG scrutiny, San Rafael's traceability premium is growing. Minsur supplies ~12% of global refined tin and is the primary non-Chinese, non-conflict-zone alternative for European glass manufacturers after the Myanmar ban disrupted Chinese smelter availability.
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