chemical · input
Liquefied ammonia (82% N) used either directly as a nitrogen fertilizer (applied by injection into soil) or as feedstock for urea, UAN, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium phosphate. Russia's TogliattiAzot complex (3 Mt/year — Europe's largest ammonia plant) exported via the Transammiak pipeline to Odessa until 2022 Ukraine war. Global seaborne ammonia trade is dominated by Russian and Trinidadian exports.
5
Source countries
8
Companies
1
Goods affected
0
Claims on record
What depends on it
1 essential American goods rely on anhydrous ammonia (nh₃) somewhere upstream in their supply chain.
Where it comes from
Share of global supply, by country.
| Country | Share of supply |
|---|---|
| CNChina | 30% |
| RURussia | 10% |
| INIndia | 8% |
| USUnited States | 8% |
| QAQatar | 4% |
Who makes it
8 companies produce anhydrous ammonia (nh₃).
World's largest agricultural nutrient company by revenue; formed from Potash Corp and Agrium merger (2018). Largest potash producer globally (20% market share); 55–60% of North American potash mining. Also major nitrogen fertilizer producer. 27.5 Mt/year combined N+P+K capacity.
One of the world's largest ammonia producers; Donaldsonville Complex (Louisiana) is the world's largest single ammonia production complex — 4.335M MT/year capacity, 6 plants on 1,400 acres along the Mississippi River. Produced 9.8M MT gross ammonia in 2024 across all facilities. Also operates plants in Iowa, Louisiana, Courtright (Ontario Canada), Ince (UK), Billingham (UK). Added CO2 capture at Donaldsonville (2025) enabling ~1.9M MT/year 'low-carbon ammonia' for export to Japan/Korea. Joint venture with JERA + Mitsui for $4B 'blue ammonia' plant in Louisiana.
Russia's largest nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer company; major ammonia producer. Plants include Nevinnomyssk (Stavropol), Novomoskovsk (Tula Oblast), and the Antwerp, Belgium nitrogen plant. Also produces potash. Controlled by Andrei Melnichenko (personal EU/UK sanctions 2022; sold his stake to a trust). Swiss holding structure. Significant European presence complicated by Melnichenko sanctions.
World's largest potash producer with 6 Saskatchewan mines. Vanscoy mine (west of Saskatoon) uses solution mining technology — fresh water drawn from the Saskatchewan River (~20km pipeline) is used in brine management. Deep subsurface saline aquifer brine injection used for waste disposal at Vanscoy (injected into Winnipeg/Deadwood Formations at 1,500-1,700m depth). Conventional underground mines at Rocanville, Allan, Lanigan, Cory, Belle Plaine also produce waste brine requiring aquifer disposal. Nutrien operates Canada's only solution potash mine at Vanscoy. Plans to reach 18M MT/year Saskatchewan capacity.
World's largest nitrogen fertilizer company; Norwegian state partial ownership; produces urea, nitrate, and NPK fertilizers critical for rice production globally
Major nitrogen fertilizer and ammonia company with plants in the US (OCI Beaumont TX, formerly Iowa Fertilizer Company), Netherlands (OCI Nitrogen, Geleen), Algeria (Fertial), and Egypt (EBIC). Also produces methanol. One of the largest merchant ammonia producers globally. Sold its US nitrogen business to Koch Ag & Energy Solutions in January 2024 for $3.6B, focusing its remaining assets on Netherlands, Algeria, and international methanol. Major shift in US ammonia market as OCI Iowa/Beaumont transferred to Koch.
Joint venture majority owned by QatarEnergy (75%) with Yara International (25%). QAFCO operates the world's largest single-site ammonia/urea complex at Mesaieed, Qatar, with 3.8 million tonnes/year ammonia capacity across six trains. Feedstock is domestic North Field natural gas — among the cheapest in the world.
Russian ammonia producer operating Europe's largest ammonia complex at Togliatti with ~3 million tonnes/year capacity. Historically exported via the 2,417-km Togliatti–Odessa (Transammiak) pipeline to the Ukrainian Black Sea port of Yuzhny. Pipeline closed at the start of Russia's February 2022 invasion of Ukraine, stranding Togliattiazot output. Now majority-owned by businessmen linked to Uralchem.
