Title 12, Banks and BankingRelease 119-110

§2277a–10b Authority to Regulate Golden Parachute and Indemnification Payments

Title 12 › CHAPTER 23 — FARM CREDIT SYSTEM › SUBCHAPTER V — FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION ORGANIZATION › Part E — Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation › § 2277a–10b

Last updated Sep 22, 2026|Official source

Summary

Gives the Farm Credit regulator the power to stop or limit big exit payouts and payments that cover legal costs when a Farm Credit System institution is in trouble. A few short definitions: golden parachute payment — money promised because someone’s job ends and paid when the institution is insolvent, under a conservator/receiver, rated CAMEL 4 or 5, or officially “troubled”; indemnification payment — money the institution pays to cover a person’s legal costs or penalties after an enforcement action that leads to a final penalty or removal order; institution-related party — people like directors, officers, employees, agents, certain stockholders, consultants, partners, or contractors who knowingly or recklessly helped cause harm; liability or legal expense — legal fees, settlements, judgments, or penalties; payment — any transfer of funds or assets or funds set aside to pay later. The regulator can make rules or orders limiting or banning those payments by troubled institutions (including conservators or receivers). The regulator must list factors it will use, such as whether there is reason to believe the person committed fraud, breach of duty, insider abuse, caused the insolvency or troubled condition, materially broke laws or certain federal criminal statutes, held a managerial role, how long they were with the institution, and whether the payment fairly reflects earned compensation. Institutions may not prepay salary or legal costs if done when insolvency was expected or after insolvency and the payment would hide assets from creditors or favor one creditor over another. Institutions may still buy regular commercial insurance or fidelity bonds so long as the insurance does not cover the types of legal or liability payments described, and nothing here limits the regulator’s other powers.

Full Legal Text

Title 12, §2277a–10b

Banks and Banking, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Definitions
In this section: (1) Golden parachute payment
(2)Indemnification payment
The term “indemnification payment” means a payment (or any agreement to make a payment) by any Farm Credit System institution for the benefit of any person who is or was an institution-related party, to pay or reimburse the person for any liability or legal expense with regard to any administrative proceeding or civil action instituted by the Farm Credit Administration that results in a final order under which the person—
(A)is assessed a civil money penalty; or
(B)is removed or prohibited from participating in the conduct of the affairs of the institution.
(3)Institution-related party
The term “institution-related party” means—
(A)a director, officer, employee, or agent for a Farm Credit System institution or any conservator or receiver of such an institution;
(B)a stockholder (other than another Farm Credit System institution), consultant, joint venture partner, or any other person determined by the Farm Credit Administration to be a participant in the conduct of the affairs of a Farm Credit System institution; and
(C)an independent contractor (including any attorney, appraiser, or accountant) that knowingly or recklessly participates in any violation of any law or regulation, any breach of fiduciary duty, or any unsafe or unsound practice that caused or is likely to cause more than a minimal financial loss to, or a significant adverse effect on, the Farm Credit System institution.
(4)Liability or legal expense
The term “liability or legal expense” means—
(A)a legal or other professional expense incurred in connection with any claim, proceeding, or action;
(B)the amount of, and any cost incurred in connection with, any settlement of any claim, proceeding, or action; and
(C)the amount of, and any cost incurred in connection with, any judgment or penalty imposed with respect to any claim, proceeding, or action.
(5)Payment
The term “payment” means—
(A)a direct or indirect transfer of any funds or any asset; and
(B)any segregation of any funds or assets for the purpose of making, or under an agreement to make, any payment after the date on which the funds or assets are segregated, without regard to whether the obligation to make the payment is contingent on—
(i)the determination, after that date, of the liability for the payment of the amount; or
(ii)the liquidation, after that date, of the amount of the payment.
(b)Prohibition
The Corporation may prohibit or limit, by regulation or order, any golden parachute payment or indemnification payment by a Farm Credit System institution (including any conservator or receiver of the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation) in troubled condition (as defined in regulations issued by the Corporation).
(c)Factors to be taken into account
The Corporation shall prescribe, by regulation, the factors to be considered by the Corporation in taking any action under subsection (b). The factors may include—
(1)whether there is a reasonable basis to believe that an institution-related party has committed any fraudulent act or omission, breach of trust or fiduciary duty, or insider abuse with regard to the Farm Credit System institution involved that has had a material effect on the financial condition of the institution;
(2)whether there is a reasonable basis to believe that the institution-related party is substantially responsible for the insolvency of the Farm Credit System institution, the appointment of a conservator or receiver for the institution, or the institution’s troubled condition (as defined in regulations prescribed by the Corporation);
(3)whether there is a reasonable basis to believe that the institution-related party has materially violated any applicable law or regulation that has had a material effect on the financial condition of the institution;
(4)whether there is a reasonable basis to believe that the institution-related party has violated or conspired to violate—
(A)section 215, 657, 1006, 1014, or 1344 of title 18; or
(B)section 1341 or 1343 of title 18, affecting a Farm Credit System institution;
(5)whether the institution-related party was in a position of managerial or fiduciary responsibility; and
(6)the length of time that the party was related to the Farm Credit System institution and the degree to which—
(A)the payment reasonably reflects compensation earned over the period of employment; and
(B)the compensation represents a reasonable payment for services rendered.
(d)Certain payments prohibited
No Farm Credit System institution may prepay the salary or any liability or legal expense of any institution-related party if the payment is made—
(1)in contemplation of the insolvency of the institution or after the commission of an act of insolvency; and
(2)with a view to, or with the result of—
(A)preventing the proper application of the assets of the institution to creditors; or
(B)preferring 1 creditor over another creditor.
(e)Rule of construction
Nothing in this section
(1)
(2)limits the powers, functions, or responsibilities of the Farm Credit Administration.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

12 U.S.C. § 2277a–10b

Title 12, Banks and Banking

Last Updated

Sep 22, 2026

Release point: 119-110