Title 15, Commerce and TradeRelease 119-110

§1691d Applicability of Other Laws

Title 15 › CHAPTER 41 — CONSUMER CREDIT PROTECTION › SUBCHAPTER IV — EQUAL CREDIT OPPORTUNITY › § 1691d

Last updated Sep 22, 2026|Official source

Summary

Allows a creditor to ask both spouses to sign papers for things like creating a lien, transferring clear title, giving up future property claims, or assigning pay without that counting as illegal discrimination. Creditors still may not use a person's sex or marital status when deciding if the person is creditworthy. State property rules that affect creditworthiness are also allowed. If both spouses each ask for separate credit from the same lender, a state law that normally bans separate loans to spouses does not apply, and each spouse is solely responsible for their own debt. Separate accounts with the same lender must not be added together to figure finance charges or loan limits. A person harmed by the same act that breaks both federal and state law can sue for money under either law, but not both; that rule does not apply to suits that do not seek money or to administrative cases. Federal law does not override state law unless they conflict; the Bureau decides conflicts and may exempt a class of state-covered credit if the state law is similar or stronger and enforced. Failure to follow the state law in an exempted case counts as a violation for purposes of section 1691e.

Full Legal Text

Title 15, §1691d

Commerce and Trade, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Requests for signature of husband and wife for creation of valid lien, etc.
A request for the signature of both parties to a marriage for the purpose of creating a valid lien, passing clear title, waiving inchoate rights to property, or assigning earnings, shall not constitute discrimination under this subchapter: Provided, however, That this provision shall not be construed to permit a creditor to take sex or marital status into account in connection with the evaluation of creditworthiness of any applicant.
(b)State property laws affecting creditworthiness
Consideration or application of State property laws directly or indirectly affecting creditworthiness shall not constitute discrimination for purposes of this subchapter.
(c)State laws prohibiting separate extension of consumer credit to husband and wife
Any provision of State law which prohibits the separate extension of consumer credit to each party to a marriage shall not apply in any case where each party to a marriage voluntarily applies for separate credit from the same creditor: Provided, That in any case where such a State law is so preempted, each party to the marriage shall be solely responsible for the debt so contracted.
(d)Combining credit accounts of husband and wife with same creditor to determine permissible finance charges or loan ceilings under Federal or State laws
When each party to a marriage separately and voluntarily applies for and obtains separate credit accounts with the same creditor, those accounts shall not be aggregated or otherwise combined for purposes of determining permissible finance charges or permissible loan ceilings under the laws of any State or of the United States.
(e)Election of remedies under subchapter or State law; nature of relief determining applicability
Where the same act or omission constitutes a violation of this subchapter and of applicable State law, a person aggrieved by such conduct may bring a legal action to recover monetary damages either under this subchapter or under such State law, but not both. This election of remedies shall not apply to court actions in which the relief sought does not include monetary damages or to administrative actions.
(f)Compliance with inconsistent State laws; determination of inconsistency
This subchapter does not annul, alter, or affect, or exempt any person subject to the provisions of this subchapter from complying with, the laws of any State with respect to credit discrimination, except to the extent that those laws are inconsistent with any provision of this subchapter, and then only to the extent of the inconsistency. The Bureau is authorized to determine whether such inconsistencies exist. The Bureau may not determine that any State law is inconsistent with any provision of this subchapter if the Bureau determines that such law gives greater protection to the applicant.
(g)Exemption by regulation of credit transactions covered by State law; failure to comply with State law
The Bureau shall by regulation exempt from the requirements of section 1691 and 1691a of this title any class of credit transactions within any State if it determines that under the law of that State that class of transactions is subject to requirements substantially similar to those imposed under this subchapter or that such law gives greater protection to the applicant, and that there is adequate provision for enforcement. Failure to comply with any requirement of such State law in any transaction so exempted shall constitute a violation of this subchapter for the purposes of section 1691e of this title.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2010—Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 111–203 substituted “Bureau” for “Board” wherever appearing. 1976—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 94–239, § 5(1), substituted provisions requiring an election of remedies in legal actions involving the recovery of monetary damages, for provisions specifying a general election of remedies. Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 94–239, § 5(2), added subsecs. (f) and (g).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 2010 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–203 effective on the designated transfer date, see section 1100H of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 552a of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Effective Date

of 1976 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 94–239 effective Mar. 23, 1976, see section 708 of Pub. L. 90–321, set out as an

Effective Date

note under section 1691 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

15 U.S.C. § 1691d

Title 15, Commerce and Trade

Last Updated

Sep 22, 2026

Release point: 119-110