Title 15, Commerce and TradeRelease 119-110
§2060 Judicial Review of Consumer Product Safety Rules
Title 15 › CHAPTER 47 — CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY › § 2060
Summary
Anyone hurt by a consumer product safety rule, or any consumer or consumer group, has 60 days after the rule is issued to ask a federal appeals court to review it. They can file in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit or the circuit where they live or do most business. The court clerk must quickly send copies to the Consumer Product Safety Commission and the Attorney General. The court gets the full case record the Commission used (the final rule, notices and proposals, transcripts of oral presentations, written comments, and other material the Commission relied on). If the filer shows new information is important and had a good reason for not presenting it earlier, the court can let the Commission take more written or oral evidence, and the Commission can change its findings and tell the court why. The appeals court reviews the rule under the Administrative Procedure Act and can give relief, including temporary orders. The court can also order payment of court costs, reasonable lawyer fees, and expert fees. Lawyer fees are based on actual time, expenses, and the usual rate in that court. A rule can only be upheld if the Commission’s findings under sections 2058(f)(1) and 2058(f)(3) are supported by substantial evidence. The appeals court’s decision can be reviewed by the Supreme Court. Special fast review rules apply to certain rules (identifying substantial hazards, all-terrain vehicles, durable infant and toddler products, and mandatory toy safety standards): those must be filed in the D.C. Circuit within 60 days, and such rules cannot be re‑litigated in import or enforcement proceedings.
Full Legal Text
Title 15, §2060
Commerce and Trade, Source: USLM XML via OLRC
(a)Petition by persons adversely affected, consumers, or consumer organizations
Not later than 60 days after a consumer product safety rule is promulgated by the Commission, any person adversely affected by such rule, or any consumer or consumer organization, may file a petition with the United States court of appeals for the District of Columbia, or for the circuit in which such person, consumer, or organization resides or has his principal place of business for judicial review of such rule. Copies of the petition shall be forthwith transmitted by the clerk of the court to the Commission or other officer designated by it for that purpose and to the Attorney General. The record of the proceedings on which the Commission based its rule shall be filed in the court as provided for in section 2112 of title 28. For purposes of this section, the term “record” means such consumer product safety rule; any notice or proposal published pursuant to section 2056, 2057, or 2058 of this title; the transcript required by section 2058(d)(2) of this title of any oral presentation; any written submission of interested parties; and any other information which the Commission considers relevant to such rule.
(b)Additional data, views, or arguments
If the petitioner applies to the court for leave to adduce additional data, views, or arguments and shows to the satisfaction of the court that such additional data, views, or arguments are material and that there were reasonable grounds for the petitioner’s failure to adduce such data, views, or arguments in the proceeding before the Commission, the court may order the Commission to provide additional opportunity for the oral presentation of data, views, or arguments and for written submissions. The Commission may modify its findings, or make new findings by reason of the additional data, views, or arguments so taken and shall file such modified or new findings, and its recommendation, if any, for the modification or setting aside of its original rule, with the return of such additional data, views, or arguments.
(c)Jurisdiction; costs and attorneys’ fees; substantial evidence to support administrative findings
Upon the filing of the petition under subsection (a) of this section the court shall have jurisdiction to review the consumer product safety rule in accordance with chapter 7 of title 5, and to grant appropriate relief, including interim relief, as provided in such chapter. A court may in the interest of justice include in such relief an award of the costs of suit, including reasonable attorneys’ fees (determined in accordance with subsection (f) and reasonable expert witnesses’ fees. Attorneys’ fees may be awarded against the United States (or any agency or official of the United States) without regard to section 2412 of title 28 or any other provision of law. The consumer product safety rule shall not be affirmed unless the Commission’s findings under section 2058(f)(1) and 2058(f)(3) of this title are supported by substantial evidence on the record taken as a whole.
(d)Supreme Court review
The judgment of the court affirming or setting aside, in whole or in part, any consumer product safety rule shall be final, subject to review by the Supreme Court of the United States upon certiorari or certification, as provided in section 1254 of title 28.
(e)Other remedies
The remedies provided for in this section shall be in addition to and not in lieu of any other remedies provided by law.
(f)Computation of reasonable fee for attorney
For purposes of this section and section 2072(a) and 2073 of this title, a reasonable attorney’s fee is a fee (1) which is based upon (A) the actual time expended by an attorney in providing advice and other legal services in connection with representing a person in an action brought under this section, and (B) such reasonable expenses as may be incurred by the attorney in the provision of such services, and (2) which is computed at the rate prevailing for the provision of similar services with respect to actions brought in the court which is awarding such fee.
(g)Expedited judicial review
(1)Application
This subsection applies, in lieu of the preceding subsections of this section, to judicial review of— (A)
(B)any consumer product safety standard promulgated by the Commission pursuant to section 2089 of this title (relating to all-terrain vehicles);
(C)any standard promulgated by the Commission under section 2056a of this title (relating to durable infant and toddler products); and
(D)any consumer product safety standard promulgated by the Commission under section 2056b of this title (relating to mandatory toy safety standards).
(2)In general
Not later than 60 days after the promulgation, by the Commission, of a rule or standard to which this subsection applies, any person adversely affected by such rule or standard may file a petition with the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit for judicial review of such rule. Copies of the petition shall be forthwith transmitted by the clerk of the court to the Commission or other officer designated by it for that purpose and to the Attorney General. The record of the proceedings on which the Commission based its rule shall be filed in the court as provided for in section 2112 of title 28.
(3)Review
Upon the filing of the petition under paragraph (2) of this subsection, the court shall have jurisdiction to review the rule in accordance with chapter 7 of title 5 and to grant appropriate relief, including interim relief, as provided in such chapter.
(4)Conclusiveness of judgment
The judgment of the court affirming or setting aside, in whole or in part, any final rule under this section shall be final, subject to review by the Supreme Court of the United States upon certiorari or certification, as provided in section 1254 of title 28.
(5)Further review
A rule or standard with respect to which this subsection applies shall not be subject to judicial review in proceedings under section 2066 of this title (relating to imported products) or in civil or criminal proceedings for enforcement.
Legislative History
Notes & Related Subsidiaries
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2008—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 110–314 added subsec. (g). 1983—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97–414 substituted “subsection (f)” for “section 2059(e)(4) of this title”. 1981—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–35, § 1211(h)(2), substituted reference to section 2058(d)(2) of this title for reference to section 2058(a)(2) of this title. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97–35, § 1211(h)(1), substituted reference to section 2058(f)(1) and (3) of this title for reference to section 2058(c) of this title. Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 97–35, § 1211(h)(3)(A), added subsec. (f). 1976—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–284, § 11(a), permitted the Commission to file the record of its proceedings on which its rule was based with the court in lieu of transmitting the record to the Attorney General. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 94–284, § 10(b), inserted provision permitting the court to award costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, in the interest of justice.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
of 1981 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 97–35 effective Aug. 13, 1981, see section 1215 of Pub. L. 97–35, set out as a note under section 2052 of this title.
Effective Date
Section effective on the sixtieth day following Oct. 27, 1972, see section 34 of Pub. L. 92–573, set out as a note under section 2051 of this title. Pending Actions Unaffected Pub. L. 110–314, title II, § 236(b), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3076, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall not apply to any petition filed before the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 14, 2008] for judicial review of any action by the Consumer Product Safety Commission.”
Reference
Citations & Metadata
Citation
15 U.S.C. § 2060
Title 15, Commerce and Trade
Last Updated
Sep 23, 2026
Release point: 119-110