§1431 — Title 20 Education | U.S. Code

Summary

Provides federal money to help states set up early help for children under 3 with disabilities and their families. Congress says action is needed because a child’s brain grows a lot in the first 3 years, early help can cut later school costs, can boost chances of independent living, can strengthen families, and must reach all children—especially minority, low-income, inner city, rural children, and those in foster care. The aim is to pay states to build a statewide, coordinated system for early intervention; to help pay for services by linking Federal, State, local, and private funds (including insurance); to improve and expand service quality and availability; and to encourage states to serve children under 3 who are at risk of big delays.

Title 20, §1431

Education — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Congress finds that there is an urgent and substantial need—

(1)to enhance the development of infants and toddlers with disabilities, to minimize their potential for developmental delay, and to recognize the significant brain development that occurs during a child’s first 3 years of life;

(2)to reduce the educational costs to our society, including our Nation’s schools, by minimizing the need for special education and related services after infants and toddlers with disabilities reach school age;

(3)to maximize the potential for individuals with disabilities to live independently in society;

(4)to enhance the capacity of families to meet the special needs of their infants and toddlers with disabilities; and

(5)to enhance the capacity of State and local agencies and service providers to identify, evaluate, and meet the needs of all children, particularly minority, low-income, inner city, and rural children, and infants and toddlers in foster care.

(b)It is the policy of the United States to provide financial assistance to States—

(1)to develop and implement a statewide, comprehensive, coordinated, multidisciplinary, interagency system that provides early intervention services for infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families;

(2)to facilitate the coordination of payment for early intervention services from Federal, State, local, and private sources (including public and private insurance coverage);

(3)to enhance State capacity to provide quality early intervention services and expand and improve existing early intervention services being provided to infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families; and

(4)to encourage States to expand opportunities for children under 3 years of age who would be at risk of having substantial developmental delay if they did not receive early intervention services.

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1431, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 631, as added Pub. L. 105–17, title I, § 101, June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 106, set out findings and policy, prior to the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 108–446. Another prior section 1431, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 631, Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 184; Pub. L. 98–199, §§ 3(b), 11, Dec. 2, 1983, 97 Stat. 1358, 1369; Pub. L. 99–457, title III, § 308, Oct. 8, 1986, 100 Stat. 1165; Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 104(b), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3298; Pub. L. 101–476, title IV, § 401, title IX, § 901(b)(129)–(142), Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1129, 1148; Pub. L. 102–119, §§ 9(a), (b), 25(a)(12), (b), Oct. 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 593, 594, 606, 607; Pub. L. 102–421, title II, § 202, Oct. 16, 1992, 106 Stat. 2165; Pub. L. 102–569, title IX, § 912(a), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4486; Pub. L. 103–73, title III, § 302, Aug. 11, 1993, 107 Stat. 736; Pub. L. 103–218, title IV, § 401, Mar. 9, 1994, 108 Stat. 95, related to grants for personnel training, prior to the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 105–17.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Subchapter effective July 1, 2005, see section 302(a) of Pub. L. 108–446, set out as a note under section 1400 of this title.

§1431 Findings and Policy