Title 21Food and DrugsRelease 119-73not60

§159 Enforcement; Penalties Applicable; Congressional Findings

Title 21 › Chapter 5— VIRUSES, SERUMS, TOXINS, ANTITOXINS, AND ANALOGOUS PRODUCTS › § 159

Last updated Apr 5, 2026|Official source

Summary

Enforcement must follow procedures in sections 672–674, and penalties in section 675 apply to officials enforcing this chapter. Congress finds the products and activities are in interstate or foreign commerce or substantially affect its flow, and regulation is needed to prevent burdens and manage that commerce.

Full Legal Text

Title 21, §159

Food and Drugs — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

The procedures of section 672, 673, and 674 of this title (relating to detentions, seizures and condemnations, and injunctions, respectively) shall apply to the enforcement of this chapter with respect to any product prepared, sold, bartered, exchanged, or shipped in violation of this chapter or a regulation promulgated under this chapter. The provisions (including penalties) of section 675 of this title shall apply to the performance of official duties under this chapter. Congress finds that (i) the products and activities that are regulated under this chapter are either in interstate or foreign commerce or substantially affect such commerce or the free flow thereof, and (ii) regulation of the products and activities as provided in this chapter is necessary to prevent and eliminate burdens on such commerce and to effectively regulate such commerce.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Codification See note set out under section 151 of this title. Another section 1768 of Pub. L. 99–198, cited as a credit to this section, amended section 136y of Title 7, Agriculture.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Dec. 23, 1985, except as otherwise provided, see section 1768(f) of Pub. L. 99–198, set out as an

Effective Date

of 1985 Amendment note under section 151 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

21 U.S.C. § 159

Title 21Food and Drugs

Last Updated

Apr 5, 2026

Release point: 119-73not60