PRIA, Government Policy, Made Personal

Summary

Create an Office of Critical Foods inside the FDA’s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition and put a director in charge. That office must oversee and coordinate work on “critical foods” like infant formula. By December 29, 2023 (one year after December 29, 2022) the Secretary must send a report to the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee and the House Energy and Commerce Committee showing yearly counts of new infant formula premarket submissions since 2012, which submissions the agency asked for more information on, when those requests were sent, what extra information was requested, and the first market date for each new formula if available. The Department must post online how to find safe substitute formulas for babies with special medical needs. The Secretary must meet with other countries to try to align formula rules and can make agreements to accept foreign inspections. Within 60 days after December 29, 2022, the Secretary must ask the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to study U.S. infant formula supply, competition, and differences with the EU; that study must be finished and sent to Congress not later than 1 year after December 29, 2022. The Secretary must also issue guidance within 1 year about what to include in premarket submissions. When a formula recall starts, the maker must promptly give the FDA a recall plan with a timeline, steps to fix causes, and, if the recall affects more than 10 percent of U.S. production, a plan to backfill supply. The FDA must quickly report this and current supply details to the two Congressional committees, including how long supplies will last and what actions or extra authorities and funding are needed. These recall-reporting rules end on September 30, 2026. After inspecting a recalled plant, the FDA must give the maker a list of needed fixes and must respond within 7 days to the maker’s written corrective-action plan. The FDA must prioritize reinspections to prevent shortages, inspect each registered formula maker within 6 months of December 29, 2022 and at least once a year after that (using trusted foreign or state inspections when appropriate). The Secretary must also issue a national infant formula strategy within 90 days after December 29, 2022 to strengthen the supply chain, address immediate shortages, plan to increase supply and competition, and give parents clear guidance on finding and using formula; that strategy must be updated within 90 days after the National Academies’ report to add long-term preparedness steps. For 90 days starting December 29, 2022, people may personally import up to a 3-month supply of formula from Canada, the European Union, or other approved countries without prior FDA notice, if it is not for sale and does not pose an unreasonable health risk. Health care providers must report any suspected adverse events from such imported formula. The FDA must post warnings online that imported formula may not meet FDA inspection, labeling, or nutrition standards. Congress says people thinking about importing should talk to their pediatrician.

Title 21, §350a–1

Food and Drugs, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)(1)In this section, the term “infant formula” has the meaning given such term in section 201(z) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321(z)).

(2)

(b)(1)The Secretary shall establish within the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition an office to be known as the Office of Critical Foods. The Secretary shall appoint a Director to lead such Office.

(2)The Office of Critical Foods shall be responsible for oversight, coordination, and facilitation of activities related to critical foods, as defined in section 201(ss) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act [21 U.S.C. 321(ss)], as added by subsection (a)(2).

(c)

(d)Not later than one year after December 29, 2022, the Secretary shall submit a report to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives that includes—

(1)the number of premarket submissions for new infant formula the Secretary has received under section 412(d) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 350a(d)) each year since 2012;

(2)how many of such submissions received requests from the Secretary for additional information;

(3)how long after receiving such submissions the Secretary sent such requests for additional information;

(4)what additional information the Secretary requested of the persons submitting such submissions; and

(5)the date each new infant formula described in subparagraph (A) 11 So in original. There is no subparagraph (A). was first marketed, if available.

(e)The Secretary shall publish a list on the website of the Department of Health and Human Services providing information on how to identify appropriate substitutes for infant formula products in shortage that are relied upon by infants and other individuals with inborn errors of metabolism or other serious health conditions.

(f)(1)The Secretary—

(A)shall participate in meetings with representatives from other countries to discuss methods and approaches to harmonizing regulatory requirements for infant formula, including with respect to inspections, labeling, and nutritional requirements; and

(B)may enter into arrangements or agreements regarding such requirements with other countries, as appropriate, including arrangements or agreements with a foreign government or agency of a foreign government to recognize the inspection of foreign establishments that manufacture infant formula for export to the United States.

(2)(A)Not later than 60 days after December 29, 2022, the Secretary shall seek to enter into an agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (referred to in this paragraph as the “National Academies”) to examine and report on challenges in supply, market competition, and regulation of infant formula in the United States.

(B)The report developed pursuant to the agreement under subparagraph (A) shall—

(i)assess and evaluate—

(I)infant formula marketed in the United States;

(II)any challenges in supply, or market competition with respect to such infant formula; and

(III)any differences between infant formula marketed in the United States and infant formula marketed in the European Union, including with respect to nutritional content and applicable labeling and other regulatory requirements; and

(ii)include recommendations, including for infant formula manufacturers, on measures to address supply and market competition in the United States.

(C)The agreement under subparagraph (A) shall specify that the National Academies shall, not later than 1 year after December 29, 2022, complete such study and submit a report on the results of such study to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives.

(g)(1)

(5)Not later than 1 year after December 29, 2022, the Secretary shall issue guidance regarding information sponsors may consider including in submissions required under section 412(d) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 350a(d)), including considerations for meeting each of the requirements of paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of subsection (d).

(6)

(h)(1)(A)Promptly after the initiation of a recall of infant formula, the manufacturer of the recalled infant formula shall submit information to the Secretary regarding such recall.

(B)A submission under subparagraph (A) shall include the following:

(i)A plan (including an estimated timeline, as applicable) of actions the manufacturer will take, suited to the individual circumstances of the particular recall, including—

(I)to identify and address any cause of, and contributing factor in, known or suspected adulteration or known or suspected misbranding; and

(II)if appropriate, to restore operation of the impacted facilities.

(ii)In the case that a recall of the manufacturer’s infant formula products, and subsequent actions to respond to such recall, impacts over 10 percent of the production of the infant formula intended for sale in the United States, a plan to backfill the supply of the manufacturer’s infant formula supply if the current domestic supply of such infant formula has fallen, or is expected to fall, below the expected demand for the formula.

(2)(A)Promptly after a submission under paragraph (1) is received, the Secretary shall provide such submission, together with the information specified in subparagraph (B), in a report to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives.

(B)A report under subparagraph (A) shall include the following:

(i)Information concerning the current domestic supply of infant formula, including—

(I)a breakdown of the specific types of formula involved; and

(II)an estimate of how long current supplies will last.

(ii)If a submission or submissions under paragraph (1) show that the recall and subsequent actions to respond to the recall impact over 10 percent of the domestic production of infant formula intended for sale in the United States—

(I)actions to work with the impacted manufacturer or other manufacturers to increase production; and

(II)specification of—

(aa)any additional authorities needed regarding production or importation to fill a supply gap; and

(bb)any supplemental funding necessary to address the shortage.

(3)This subsection shall cease to have force or effect on September 30, 2026.

(i)(1)(A)Upon completing an inspection of an infant formula manufacturing facility impacted by a recall, the Secretary, acting through the Commissioner of Food and Drugs, shall provide the manufacturer involved a list of any actions necessary to—

(i)address deficiencies contributing to the potential adulteration or misbranding of product at the facility; and

(ii)safely restart production at the facility.

(B)Not later than 7 days after receiving a written communication from a manufacturer of infant formula containing corrective actions to address manufacturing deficiencies identified during an inspection of a facility engaged in the manufacturing of an infant formula impacted by a recall, the Secretary, acting through the Commissioner of Food and Drugs, shall provide a substantive response to such communication concerning the sufficiency of the proposed corrective actions.

(2)The Secretary shall ensure timely communication with a manufacturer of infant formula following an inspection of a facility engaged in the manufacturing of infant formula for consumption in the United States. If a reinspection of a manufacturer of an infant formula is required to ensure that such manufacturer completed any remediation actions or addressed any deficiencies, the Secretary shall reinspect such facility in a timely manner. The Secretary shall prioritize and expedite an inspection or reinspection of an establishment that could help mitigate or prevent a shortage of an infant formula.

(3)Not later than 6 months after December 29, 2022, and not less than once per calendar year thereafter, the Secretary shall conduct inspections, including unannounced inspections, of the facilities (including foreign facilities) of each manufacturer of an infant formula required to be registered under section 412(c)(1)(A) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 350a(c)(1)(A)), in accordance with a risk-based approach and ensure timely and effective internal coordination and alignment among the Office of Regulatory Affairs and the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. In meeting the inspection requirements under this subsection, the Secretary may rely on inspections conducted by foreign regulatory authorities, under arrangements or agreements, and conducted by State agencies under contract, memoranda of understanding, or any other obligation.

(j)(1)The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture and other heads of relevant departments and agencies, shall develop and issue, not later than 90 days after December 29, 2022, a national strategy on infant formula to increase the resiliency of the infant formula supply chain, protect against future contamination and other potential causes of supply disruptions and shortages, and ensure parents and caregivers have access to infant formula and information they need.

(2)The national strategy under paragraph (1) shall include efforts—

(A)to increase the resiliency of the infant formula supply chain in the short-term by—

(i)assessing causes of any supply disruption or shortage of infant formula in existence as of December 29, 2022, and potential causes of future supply disruptions and shortages;

(ii)assessing and addressing immediate infant formula needs associated with the shortage; and

(iii)developing a plan to increase infant formula supply, including through increased competition; and

(B)to ensure the development and updating of education and communication materials for parents and caregivers that cover—

(i)where and how to find infant formula;

(ii)comparable infant formulas on the market;

(iii)what to do if a specialty infant formula is unavailable;

(iv)safe practices for handling infant formula; and

(v)other topics, as appropriate.

(3)Not later than 90 days after the submission of the report described in subsection (f)(2), the Secretary shall update the national strategy under paragraph (1) to include efforts to improve preparedness against infant formula shortages in the long-term by—

(A)outlining methods to improve information-sharing between the Federal Government and State and local governments, and other entities as appropriate, regarding shortages;

(B)recommending measures for protecting the integrity of the infant formula supply and preventing contamination;

(C)outlining methods to incentivize new infant formula manufacturers to increase supply and mitigate future shortages; and

(D)recommending other necessary authorities to gain insight into the supply chain and risk for shortages, and to incentivize new infant formula manufacturers.

(k)

(m)(1)Notwithstanding any provision of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.), during the 90-day period beginning on December 29, 2022, an individual may, without prior notice to the Food and Drug Administration, import up to a 3-month supply of infant formula for personal use from—

(A)Canada;

(B)any country in the European Union; or

(C)any other country that is determined by the Secretary to be implementing and enforcing requirements for infant formula that provide a similar assurance of safety and nutritional adequacy as the requirements of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.).

(2)Infant formula may be imported pursuant to paragraph (1) only if the infant formula—

(A)is exclusively for personal use and will not be commercialized or promoted; and

(B)does not present an unreasonable risk to human health.

(3)If a health care provider becomes aware of any adverse event which the health care provider reasonably suspects to be associated with infant formula imported pursuant to paragraph (1), the health care provider shall report such adverse event to the Commissioner of Food and Drugs.

(4)The Secretary, acting through the Commissioner of Food and Drugs, shall post on the public website of the Food and Drug Administration notice that—

(A)infant formula imported pursuant to paragraph (1) may not have been manufactured in a facility that has been inspected by the Food and Drug Administration;

(B)the labeling of such infant formula may not meet the standards and other requirements applicable with respect to infant formula under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.); and

(C)the nutritional content of infant formula imported pursuant to paragraph (1) may vary from that of infant formula meeting such standards and other requirements.

(5)It is the sense of Congress that persons considering the personal importation of infant formula should consult with their pediatrician about such importation.

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, referred to in subsec. (m)(1), (4)(B), is act June 25, 1938, ch. 675, 52 Stat. 1040, which is classified generally to chapter 9 (§ 301 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 301 of this title and Tables. Codification Section was enacted as part of the Food and Drug Omnibus Reform Act of 2022, and not as part of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act which comprises this chapter. Section is comprised of section 3401 of div. FF of Pub. L. 117–328. Subsec. (a)(2) of section 3401 of div. FF of Pub. L. 117–328 amended section 321 of this title. Subsecs. (c), (g)(1)–(4), (6), and (l) of such section 3401 amended section 350a of this title. Subsec. (k) of such section 3401 enacted section 350m of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Definition of “Secretary” Pub. L. 117–328, div. FF, title III, § 3002, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5807, provided that: “In this title [see

Short Title

of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 301 of this title], except as otherwise specified, the term ‘Secretary’ means the Secretary of Health and Human Services.”

§350a–1 Protecting Infants and Improving Formula Supply