Title 22, Foreign Relations and IntercourseRelease 119-110

§1442a National Security Measures

Title 22 › CHAPTER 18 — UNITED STATES INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE PROGRAMS › SUBCHAPTER I — GENERAL PROVISIONS › § 1442a

Last updated Sep 22, 2026|Official source

Summary

The Secretary of State must work with other top officials to keep certain people out of educational and cultural exchange programs. No agent of a foreign power may take part. People who do research, design, test, evaluate, or produce missiles or other weapons of mass destruction may not take part if they work for an organization in a country that U.S. intelligence named in the last 5 years for spreading such weapons. People who work on making offensive chemical or biological weapons may not take part. "Appropriate executive branch officials" — certain government officials listed in the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999. "Agent of a foreign power" — the legal category used in U.S. intelligence law; it excludes a different category listed there.

Full Legal Text

Title 22, §1442a

Foreign Relations and Intercourse, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Restriction
In coordination with other appropriate executive branch officials, the Secretary of State shall take all appropriate steps to—
(1)prevent any agent of a foreign power from participating in educational and cultural exchange programs under this chapter;
(2)ensure that no person who is involved in the research, development, design, testing, evaluation, or production of missiles or weapons of mass destruction is a participant in any program of educational or cultural exchange under this chapter if such person is employed by, or attached to, an entity within a country that has been identified by any element of the United States intelligence community (as defined by section 3003(4) of title 50) within the previous 5 years as having been involved in the proliferation of missiles or weapons of mass destruction; and
(3)ensure that no person who is involved in the research, development, design, testing, evaluation, or production of chemical or biological weapons for offensive purposes is a participant in any program of educational or cultural exchange under this chapter.
(b)Definitions
(1)The term “appropriate executive branch officials” means officials from the elements of the United States Government listed pursuant to section 101 of the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 (Public Law 105–272).
(2)The term “agent of a foreign power” has the same meaning as set forth in section 1801(b)(1)(B) and (b)(2) of title 50, and does not include any person who acts in the capacity defined under section 1801(b)(1)(A) of title 50.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

References in Text

section 101 of the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is section 101 of Pub. L. 105–272, title I, Oct. 20, 1998, 112 Stat. 2397, which is not classified to the Code.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

22 U.S.C. § 1442a

Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse

Last Updated

Sep 22, 2026

Release point: 119-110