Title 28Judiciary and Judicial ProcedureRelease 119-73not60

§5936 Vulnerability Management Capability.

Title 28 › Part III— COURT OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES › § 5936

Last updated Apr 5, 2026|Official source

Summary

Allows the federal courts and the U.S. Marshals Service to run and grow programs to find, stop, and respond to threats against certain federal judges (active, senior, recalled, and retired judges listed in section 5933(4)(A)–(E)). They can monitor protections and court property, watch websites for personal information about judges and their families and remove it, take and analyze threat complaints and tell law enforcement, and provide required training. Specific courts are allowed to carry out these tasks for their own judges under section 5933(4)(F)–(I). The U.S. Marshals Service can hire more intelligence analysts, deputy marshals, and other staff; place people in State and major urban fusion/intelligence centers; expand analysts and security specialists across the 94 judicial districts and territories; and add marshals for protective duties. If they find threats to people who are not federal judges, they must share that information with the right federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies as much as possible. The Department of Justice, working with the named courts, must send a report to the House and Senate Judiciary Committees no later than one year after December 23, 2022. The report must say how many and what kinds of threats and attacks happened and how they were reported, what security steps are used (like threat assessments, response plans, security systems, and gun permits such as deputations) to protect judges and their immediate families, and when and who made each step. The Attorney General may keep parts of the report secret if releasing them would endanger someone.

Full Legal Text

Title 28, §5936

Judiciary and Judicial Procedure — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

“(a)“(1)The Federal judiciary is authorized to perform all necessary functions consistent with the provisions of this subtitle and to support existing threat management capabilities within the United States Marshals Service and other relevant Federal law enforcement and security agencies for active, senior, recalled, and retired Federal judges described in subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), (D), and (E) of section 5933(4), including—
“(A)monitoring the protection of at-risk individuals and judiciary assets;
“(B)managing the monitoring of websites for covered information of at-risk individuals and immediate family members and remove or limit the publication of such information;
“(C)receiving, reviewing, and analyzing complaints by at-risk individuals of threats, whether direct or indirect, and report such threats to law enforcement partners; and
“(D)providing training described in section 5935.
“(2)The functions and support authorized in paragraph (1) shall be authorized as follows:
“(A)The chief judge of the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims is authorized to perform such functions and support for the Federal judges described in section 5933(4)(F).
“(B)The United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces is authorized to perform such functions and support for the Federal judges described in section 5933(4)(G).
“(C)The United States Tax Court is authorized to perform such functions and support for the Federal judges described in subparagraphs (H) and (I) of section 5933(4).
“(3)
“(b)“(1)The United States Marshals Service is authorized to expand the current capabilities of the Office of Protective Intelligence of the Judicial Security Division to increase the workforce of the Office of Protective Intelligence to include additional intelligence analysts, United States deputy marshals, and any other relevant personnel to ensure that the Office of Protective Intelligence is ready and able to perform all necessary functions, consistent with the provisions of this subtitle, in order to anticipate and deter threats to the Federal judiciary, including—
“(A)assigning personnel to State and major urban area fusion and intelligence centers for the specific purpose of identifying potential threats against the Federal judiciary and coordinating responses to such potential threats;
“(B)expanding the use of investigative analysts, physical security specialists, and intelligence analysts at the 94 judicial districts and territories to enhance the management of local and distant threats and investigations; and
“(C)increasing the number of United States Marshal Service personnel for the protection of the Federal judicial function and assigned to protective operations and details for the Federal judiciary.
“(2)If any of the activities of the United States Marshals Service uncover information related to threats to individuals other than Federal judges, the United States Marshals Service shall, to the maximum extent practicable, share such information with the appropriate Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies.
“(c)“(1)Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 23, 2022], the Department of Justice, in consultation with the Administrative Office of the United States Courts, the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims, the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces, and the United States Tax Court, shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report on the security of Federal judges arising from Federal prosecutions and civil litigation.
“(2)The report required under paragraph (1) shall describe—
“(A)the number and nature of threats and assaults against at-risk individuals handling prosecutions and other matters described in paragraph (1) and the reporting requirements and methods;
“(B)the security measures that are in place to protect at-risk individuals handling prosecutions described in paragraph (1), including threat assessments, response procedures, the availability of security systems and other devices, firearms licensing such as deputations, and other measures designed to protect the at-risk individuals and their immediate family members; and
“(C)for each requirement, measure, or policy described in subparagraphs (A) and (B), when the requirement, measure, or policy was developed and who was responsible for developing and implementing the requirement, measure, or policy.
“(3)The report described in paragraph (1) shall, in whole or in part, be exempt from public disclosure if the Attorney General determines that such public disclosure could endanger an at-risk individual.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

28 U.S.C. § 5936

Title 28Judiciary and Judicial Procedure

Last Updated

Apr 5, 2026

Release point: 119-73not60