Title 29, LaborRelease 119-102

§103 Nonenforceability of Undertakings in Conflict with Public Policy; “yellow Dog” Contracts

Title 29 › CHAPTER 6 — JURISDICTION OF COURTS IN MATTERS AFFECTING EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE › § 103

Last updated Aug 21, 2026|Official source

Summary

Declares that any promise in a hiring or job agreement that conflicts with the public policy in section 102 is against U.S. public policy and cannot be enforced in any U.S. court or used to get legal or equitable relief. This covers any written or spoken promise, clear or implied, between an employer (any business or group) and an employee or job applicant. It specifically bans promises where either side agrees not to join or be a member of a labor or employer organization, or agrees to quit or end the job if they join or remain a member.

Full Legal Text

Title 29, §103

Labor, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

Any undertaking or promise, such as is described in this section, or any other undertaking or promise in conflict with the public policy declared in section 102 of this title, is declared to be contrary to the public policy of the United States, shall not be enforceable in any court of the United States and shall not afford any basis for the granting of legal or equitable relief by any such court, including specifically the following: Every undertaking or promise hereafter made, whether written or oral, express or implied, constituting or contained in any contract or agreement of hiring or employment between any individual, firm, company, association, or corporation, and any employee or prospective employee of the same, whereby (a) Either party to such contract or agreement undertakes or promises not to join, become, or remain a member of any labor organization or of any employer organization; or (b) Either party to such contract or agreement undertakes or promises that he will withdraw from an employment relation in the event that he joins, becomes, or remains a member of any labor organization or of any employer organization.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

29 U.S.C. § 103

Title 29, Labor

Last Updated

Aug 21, 2026

Release point: 119-102