§18772 Data Collection in the Electricity Sector

Summary

Create an online Dashboard within 90 days after November 15, 2021, to track how the bulk power system works in the 48 contiguous States. The Dashboard can be an upgraded version of an existing EIA tool (for example, the U.S. Electric System Operating Data dashboard or the Hourly Electric Grid Monitor). Within 1 year after November 15, 2021, the Dashboard must add, as much as possible, hourly data from electricity balancing authorities in all States, U.S. territories, and the District of Columbia. That hourly data can include things like total and subregion demand, short-term demand forecasts, total generation and generation by fuel (including renewables), electricity stored and discharged, net interchange with other areas, and where available estimated marginal greenhouse gas emissions per megawatt-hour inside each balancing authority and at pricing nodes. Also within 1 year after November 15, 2021, the Administrator must build systems to combine the generation data with EPA emissions measurements, other federal or state energy data, and energy credit registries. The result should be one integrated dataset showing net generation in megawatt-hours for each balancing authority and, where available, average and marginal greenhouse gas emissions per megawatt-hour. That data should be shared in real time when possible and through a public API. The Administrator must also publish timely information on how new resources affect the grid (for example, generator cycling, curtailment, storage, demand response, distributed resources, transfers between areas, market price signals, and disruptions from cyber, physical, or extreme weather causes). For load-serving entities, the Administrator must give at least annual data on each entity’s delivered generation mix and on distributed energy resources in its service area, match that mix with EPA emissions data, try to provide it in real time, offer historical data back to 2020 at the latest, use existing industry reporting methods, allow others to submit data for an entity if needed, protect confidential information, and create a way to assign any unreported portion of a service area’s mix from the relevant balancing authority.