Title 42The Public Health and WelfareRelease 119-73not60

§2276 Tampering with Restricted Data

Title 42 › Chapter 23— DEVELOPMENT AND CONTROL OF ATOMIC ENERGY › Subchapter XVII— ENFORCEMENT OF CHAPTER › § 2276

Last updated Apr 5, 2026|Official source

Summary

If someone, intending to injure the U.S. or benefit a foreign nation, removes, hides, tampers with, or destroys items with Restricted Data used in U.S., federally funded, or special-nuclear-aided atomic-energy work, they face life imprisonment, or any term of years, a fine not more than $20,000, or both.

Full Legal Text

Title 42, §2276

The Public Health and Welfare — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

Whoever, with intent to injure the United States or with intent to secure an advantage to any foreign nation, removes, conceals, tampers with, alters, mutilates, or destroys any document, writing, sketch, photograph, plan, model, instrument, appliance, or note involving or incorporating Restricted Data and used by any individual or person in connection with the production of special nuclear material, or research or development relating to atomic energy, conducted by the United States, or financed in whole or in part by Federal funds, or conducted with the aid of special nuclear material, shall be punished by imprisonment for life, or by imprisonment for any term of years or a fine of not more than $20,000 or both.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1969—Pub. L. 91–161 made death penalty inapplicable for willful violation, or attempted violation of this section with intent to injure the United States, or secure an advantage for any foreign nation.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 1969 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 91–161 applicable to offenses committed on or after Dec. 24, 1969, see section 7 of Pub. L. 91–161, set out as a note under section 2272 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

42 U.S.C. § 2276

Title 42The Public Health and Welfare

Last Updated

Apr 5, 2026

Release point: 119-73not60