Title 49, TransportationRelease 119-102

§11323 Consolidation, Merger, and Acquisition of Control

Title 49 › SUBTITLE IV — INTERSTATE TRANSPORTATION › PART A — RAIL › CHAPTER 113 — FINANCE › SUBCHAPTER II — COMBINATIONS › § 11323

Last updated Aug 21, 2026|Official source

Summary

You must get the Board's approval before doing certain deals that change who owns, runs, or controls rail carriers that the Board regulates. The rule covers six kinds of transactions, including merging at least 2 rail carriers into one company; buying, leasing, or contracting to operate another carrier's property; one or more rail carriers gaining control of another carrier; a non-rail carrier taking control of one or more rail carriers (including taking control of at least 2 carriers); and a rail carrier getting trackage rights or joint ownership or joint use of another carrier's line and related terminals. You also need Board approval if any person or group ends up controlling or managing more than one regulated carrier, even indirectly or through partners or affiliates. Examples include deals that give a carrier and its affiliates control of another carrier, deals by an affiliate that produce control, or two or more people acting together (one being a carrier or affiliate) that together gain control. An "affiliate" is someone whose relationship with a carrier makes it reasonable to think they will manage another carrier's affairs in that carrier's interest.

Full Legal Text

Title 49, §11323

Transportation, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)The following transactions involving rail carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Board under this part may be carried out only with the approval and authorization of the Board:
(1)Consolidation or merger of the properties or franchises of at least 2 rail carriers into one corporation for the ownership, management, and operation of the previously separately owned properties.
(2)A purchase, lease, or contract to operate property of another rail carrier by any number of rail carriers.
(3)Acquisition of control of a rail carrier by any number of rail carriers.
(4)Acquisition of control of at least 2 rail carriers by a person that is not a rail carrier.
(5)Acquisition of control of a rail carrier by a person that is not a rail carrier but that controls any number of rail carriers.
(6)Acquisition by a rail carrier of trackage rights over, or joint ownership in or joint use of, a railroad line (and terminals incidental to it) owned or operated by another rail carrier.
(b)A person may carry out a transaction referred to in subsection (a) of this section or participate in achieving the control or management, including the power to exercise control or management, in a common interest of more than one of those rail carriers, regardless of how that result is reached, only with the approval and authorization of the Board under this subchapter. In addition to other transactions, each of the following transactions are considered achievements of control or management:
(1)A transaction by a rail carrier that has the effect of putting that rail carrier and person affiliated with it, taken together, in control of another rail carrier.
(2)A transaction by a person affiliated with a rail carrier that has the effect of putting that rail carrier and persons affiliated with it, taken together, in control of another rail carrier.
(3)A transaction by at least 2 persons acting together (one of whom is a rail carrier or is affiliated with a rail carrier) that has the effect of putting those persons and rail carriers and persons affiliated with any of them, or with any of those affiliated rail carriers, taken together, in control of another rail carrier.
(c)A person is affiliated with a rail carrier under this subchapter if, because of the relationship between that person and a rail carrier, it is reasonable to believe that the affairs of another rail carrier, control of which may be acquired by that person, will be managed in the interest of the other rail carrier.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in section 11343 of this title prior to the general amendment of this subtitle by Pub. L. 104–88, § 102(a). A prior section 11323, Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1433; Pub. L. 99–521, § 10(a), (b)(1), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2997, related to limitation on ownership of other carriers by household goods freight forwarders, prior to the general amendment of this subtitle by Pub. L. 104–88, § 102(a).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Jan. 1, 1996, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 104–88, see section 2 of Pub. L. 104–88, set out as a note under section 1301 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

49 U.S.C. § 11323

Title 49, Transportation

Last Updated

Aug 21, 2026

Release point: 119-102