All Roll Calls
Yes: 283 • No: 84
Sponsored By: Sponsor information unavailable
Signed by Governor
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87 provisions identified: 62 benefits, 9 costs, 16 mixed.
If you work and have a disability, you can get Medicaid with income under 250% of the federal poverty level. Your assets must be at or under $10,000 if single or $15,000 for a couple at enrollment. You must show proof of earnings, like FICA/SECA records or an approved business plan. The state will set detailed documentation rules.
The QMB income limit is now 150% of the federal poverty level. This can pay your Medicare premiums, deductibles, and coinsurance. The QI program limit also increases to the highest level federal law allows. Check your household income and size to see if you qualify.
The Teachers’ Retirement System gets an annual contribution of $212,752,627 ($199,377,627 from the State and $13,375,000 from local entities), split into a $41,414,649 normal cost and a $171,337,978 accrued liability payment. The act also sets operating budgets and pension investment commission shares for each system. Examples: Teachers’ administration totals $3,864,405 ($2,719,271 operations; $1,145,134 VPIC share). One section allocates $3,339,343 to the State Employees’ system ($2,247,471 operations; $1,091,872 VPIC), and another section allocates $3,390,593 ($2,247,471 operations; $1,143,122 VPIC). For the Municipal Employees’ system, one section allocates $1,921,020 ($1,494,924 operations; $426,096 VPIC), and another allocates $1,941,020 ($1,494,924 operations; $446,096 VPIC).
The state makes many one‑time FY2026 investments. Examples: $30.5 million for emergency housing, $16.1 million for homeownership programs, $14.5 million as the state match for water revolving funds, $5 million for the Housing and Conservation Board, and $10.8 million for home‑based health services. It also funds Truth and Reconciliation ($1.1 million) and Classification Modernization ($1.575 million). Some items need federal approval or matching; some funds carry forward until spent.
For FY2026, the state must offer emergency housing to people without a stable night home when a member is 65+, has a documented disability, is pregnant, has a child 19 or under, lost housing to disaster or death, faces eviction, or faces violence or trafficking. Hotel and motel stays are capped at 80 days per 12 months, but nights from Dec 1, 2025 to Mar 31, 2026 do not count. The state pays no more than the lowest advertised rate and $80 per room per day, and can fund no more than $500,000 for security. Applicants must actively look for housing and give monthly updates; help can end if they do not try or refuse placements. Funding adds $30.5 million for emergency housing and $26.34 million in grants to local homelessness agencies. The state must favor local shelter groups when choosing contractors.
The law moves large sums in FY2026 to keep core services funded, including $81.16 million for bond debt and $77.2 million for the Education Fund. It sets a $138.97 million FY2025 closeout plan: $8 million for IT transition, $50 million for federal-fund shortfalls, and two $30 million General Fund reserves. When revenues drop, the Secretary must file spending‑reduction plans, and unspent funds in all branches can be carried forward. ARPA reporting is required in FY2026; unused specified ARPA authority reverts on December 31, 2027, and all unobligated ARPA authority is reverted before December 31, 2024 to align with new authority. After FY2025 close, any Cannabis Regulation Fund balance over $4,035,000 is split 70% to the General Fund and 30% to substance‑misuse prevention.
The state funds free legal and health help. $2,000,406 goes to the Health Care Advocate. $1,717,994 supports Vermont Legal Aid. Another $650,000 keeps Legal Aid capacity for eviction and debt help. Low‑income renters and others can get more support.
The state does not change how it pays for developmental disability services before July 1, 2026. Until then, the state must align conflict‑free case management with the current payment model. This reduces sudden changes for people getting services.
If you are income‑eligible and applied for an expedited seasonal fuel benefit but have not received it, the Commissioner may give a crisis fuel grant so you do not run out of heat. That grant counts as your one crisis fuel grant for the winter. The state also sets aside $750,000 to repair or replace home heating equipment under the Weatherization Assistance program.
The Secretary can move money to keep the Child Care Contribution Special Fund balanced. This keeps child care financial assistance funded for families.
For the rest of federal fiscal year 2025, Vermont uses SNAP discretionary exemptions to prevent breaks in benefits. Months do not count toward time‑limited work rules for affected participants.
The law gives $30 million to the Vermont Housing and Conservation Board to build and preserve affordable rentals and homes, shelters, recovery homes, and housing for farm workers, refugees, and people needing Medicaid‑funded care. It also provides $4 million for a Manufactured Home Improvement and Repair Program to fix and improve manufactured homes.
The budget funds $9.5 million for renter rebates in FY2026. It also funds $19 million for homeowner rebates in FY2026. In FY2025, $2.5 million goes to the Rent Arrears Assistance Fund to help eligible renters catch up on past‑due rent.
The state can revert up to $14.3 million of federal ERA funds and replace them with state spending authority. Money must support programs that meet U.S. Treasury ERA rules. The Joint Fiscal Committee must approve the swap.
The state grants $3,958,344 to adult education and literacy providers. For FY2026, set grants go to Vermont Adult Learning ($3,984,607), Central Vermont Adult Education ($1,320,874), The Tutorial Center ($400,919), and Northeast Kingdom Learning Services ($890,840). Reports on funding updates are due December 1, 2025 and January 15, 2026.
The state runs Vermont Saves for workers whose employers lack a plan. You are auto‑enrolled at 5% of pay into a Roth IRA unless you change it or opt out. Contributions can rise each year by 1%–10%. You may choose a traditional IRA instead, or both, within IRA limits.
All Vermont Medicaid providers with a financial need and a plan to stay stable can apply for grants. The Health Access Department must report by December 15, 2025 on who got money and results. This helps keep local care options open.
The state moves $500,000 into the Cannabis Business Development Fund and appropriates $500,000 from it. The money funds technical help, loans, and grants under 7 V.S.A. § 987.
The state spends $1.82 million to build a business‑to‑business site for on‑premise licensees. It will streamline ordering and payments for bars and restaurants.
The State Police receive $2.1 million to buy and outfit vehicles. Drug Task Force grants total $405,000, including $190,000 for three town officers. The law gives $35,000 to a search and rescue team and $55,000 to design dry hydrants. It funds a permanent Canine Head Trainer and lets the state contract with the Essex County Sheriff for services. Public Safety must also submit a plan to replace firearms and radios with the FY2027 budget.
At a town’s request, the state can advance up to 70% of the State match for FEMA Public Assistance for 2023–2024 flood damage, if funds allow. A $152,000 supplemental facility payment to Newport and Springfield is paid from the PILOT Special Fund.
Each year, 30% of cannabis excise tax revenue, up to $10 million, goes into a Substance Misuse Prevention Fund. By January 15, 2026, the Health Department must report spending on prevention for FY2024–FY2026, by fund source, recipients, obligations, and any federal deadlines.
The state moves savings from lower human services caseloads into a caseload reserve. The reserve must include an incurred‑but‑not‑reported Medicaid account. Each year the IBNR balance must match the audited figure from two years earlier.
DAIL must report on a new payment model for developmental services before July and September 2025, aiming for October 1, 2025. Each year, it must also tell lawmakers what a 1% funding increase for community providers would cost.
The state certifies $24.714 million from local education agencies and $3.173533 million from mental health agencies as Medicaid state matches, and can transfer up to $4.99721 million between accounts to support services. The Agency may move Medicaid funds at fiscal closeout with prior notice and must report afterward. The state may also seek federal approval to run a Hospital Directed Payment program with UVM partners.
The state sets aside $29.34 million for grants to local groups that help people without housing. Grants may be paired with federal Emergency Solutions Grant funds and are chosen with input from local HUD continuums.
The state keeps Vermont State Colleges’ allied health training funded if Global Commitment money is not available. The state also seeks federal matching funds for the Maple Mountain family medicine residency and reports on approval in July 2025.
The state moves $77.2 million from the General Fund to the Education Fund in FY2026. It also moves $81,155,462 to the debt service fund to pay general obligation bond debt.
The state provides $43 million in FY2026 for broadband grants to expand internet access (total shown across funds is $45.55 million). It also creates community radio grants: up to $25,000 for seven active nonprofit stations and up to $10,000 for three upcoming stations to buy emergency gear and generators. Grantees must report by June 30, 2026.
The state provides $40.01 million for technology modernization, including $11.8 million to upgrade payroll and the core financial accounting system. It adds $600,000 as the state match to draw federal cybersecurity grants. In FY2026, the Digital Services agency must cover core‑service transition costs from its fund and, if short, seek more money in budget adjustment instead of billing other agencies.
The planned end date for the clean water surcharge on the property transfer tax is repealed. The surcharge continues to apply when property is transferred.
Vermont State Colleges must reduce their structural deficit by $5 million per year for three years, then by $3.5 million per year for two years. The target totals $18.5 million by the end of FY2026. Annual progress reports are required.
Vermont now uses federal income tax rules as of December 31, 2024 to figure state taxes. This changes which federal deductions, credits, and definitions carry into Vermont. Your state bill may go up or down based on those federal changes.
New rules cap the Emergency Board’s annual spending at 2% of the year’s total General Fund appropriation. The law adds guardrails and procedures for using reserves during emergencies.
The law splits property transfer tax money among housing, planning, and mapping. Examples: $591,137 for Current Use administration; up to $36,964,250 to the Housing & Conservation Trust Fund (excess goes to the General Fund); $10,000,705 to a planning and resilience fund with set splits. A $1,500,000 VHCB reduction in FY2026 is restored after July 1, 2039 when the housing bond ends.
The rainy day reserve cap rises to 10% of last year’s General Fund appropriations. The law ends the required annual transfer to the Tobacco Trust Fund and keeps a 7% annual appropriation cap. It clarifies that the Tech Modernization Fund holds legislative transfers and its interest. Specific unspent balances return to the General Fund in FY2026, and a 2022 funding section is repealed.
The state raises its Rainy Day Reserve cap from 5% to 10% of last year’s General Fund budget. It orders many FY2025 account balances to revert to the General Fund or Education Fund. It also cuts the Land Use Review Board’s FY2025 General Fund from $1.3 million to $400,000. These steps build reserves and trim some FY2025 spending.
The Global Commitment fund pays doctors for IEP medical‑necessity evaluations. This helps Medicaid‑enrolled and uninsured or underinsured children get needed exams.
Open enrollment for 2026 health plans runs November 1, 2025 through January 15, 2026. You have one extra month past the federal December 15 deadline to pick a plan.
If you are pregnant, you can enroll in a health plan any time. Coverage starts the first day of the month after you pick a plan. People with income at or below 200% of the federal poverty level who get advance premium tax credits can also enroll any time in the year.
High schools may award a diploma to anyone who joined the High School Completion Program before July 1, 2024 and met their graduation plan. This restores diploma access for those students.
Adult education providers get 26% of the base education amount for each student who completes diagnostics, using a two‑year average. 40% of each payment comes from the Education Fund and 60% from the General Fund. This can steady funding for adult learners’ programs.
VSAC gets $82,450 to give flat‑rate, need‑based stipends to dual enrollment and early college students for books, travel, and fees. Awards are first‑come, first‑served until funds run out. VSAC reports by January 15, 2026.
The state provides $1,219,834 to fund tuition benefits for eligible National Guard members through VSAC. You must meet the program’s rules to receive help.
VSAC must put $25,000 into its Trust Fund and at least $1,000,000 into the Vermont Trades Scholarship. Up to $300,000 may fund an aspirational initiative. Of the rest, at least 93% must go to student aid and up to 7% to administration.
The state gives $2 million to the Vermont Economic Development Authority. The money creates a disaster relief fund to help businesses after natural disasters.
The Department of Corrections uses $200,000 to hire a consultant and plan a shift to a treatment‑focused facility, with a report due December 1, 2025. It must also report by the Joint Fiscal Committee’s November 2025 meeting on federal funds for recovery coaching. By December 15, 2025, the Department must file a strategic plan for facility work programs, including wage review and sustainability steps, and report on deficits in FY2025 and FY2026. One‑time grants provide $390,000 to Lund and $100,000 to Pathways Vermont for justice‑related services.
The law provides a one‑time $1,100,000 General Fund appropriation in FY2026 to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission to support its work.
The Treasurer and State Traffic Committee run the town equipment loan fund. Loans can be up to five years and cannot exceed 75% of the purchase price or $150,000. Towns must give security, such as a lien, to borrow.
Fish and Wildlife funding rises by $290,000 in FY2025. Personal services increase to $22,887,844 and total funding to $30,584,005.
State Police funding rises by $1.9 million in FY2025. Personal services increase to $76,655,468 and total funding to $93,785,403.
The youth stabilization facility planning group continues until June 30, 2027. Stakeholders have two more years to advise on short‑ and long‑term plans.
State agencies must file a detailed Executive Branch fee report: draft by October 15, 2025 and final by December 15, 2025. The Department for Children and Families and DAIL must show, in each budget, the cost of adding a 1% increase for community‑contracted direct service providers. These reports improve fee and budget transparency.
The law funds small veterans’ programs and events. It provides $1,000 for the Vermont Medal Program, $2,000 for the Governor’s Veterans Advisory Council, and $7,500 for the Veterans’ Day parade. It also grants $10,000 to the American Legion for Boys’ State and Girls’ State.
The Secretary of State grants $1,350,000 to the Vermont Access Network to keep its programs running. The Secretary, with UVM’s Center for Community News, also gives $1,000–$10,000 awards to local civic journalism groups through a neutral panel.
The state creates a low‑cost loan fund for towns to buy equipment and vehicles. Loans are up to 75% of cost or $150,000, with up to five‑year terms and interest up to 2% (0% for joint buys). Total new loans each year are capped at $1.5 million. It also grants $1,150,000 in FY2026 for town highway work after non‑federal disasters; unused money returns to the fund.
Towns can borrow for equipment at lower cost. Loans to a single town from the state fund carry at most 2% interest. Joint purchases by two or more towns pay 0% interest. These caps apply to loans from the Municipal Equipment and Vehicle Loan Fund.
Thirty percent of cannabis excise tax revenue goes into a new Substance Misuse Prevention Fund, up to $10 million a year. The Department of Health uses the fund for prevention, and interest stays in the fund.
Each year, the Department for Children and Families must tell budget committees what a 1% funding increase for community‑contracted direct service providers would cost. This is a reporting step and does not add money by itself.
The state increases the certified State match for Medicaid (Global Commitment) to $28,307,335. The local education agency share rises to $25,302,000. Matching dollars for eligible school‑based special education services move into the Medicaid Reimbursement Special Fund. This supports Medicaid services in schools.
The law creates an Office of Health Equity in the Department of Health, led by a full‑time Executive Director. The office works across agencies to reduce unfair health differences between groups.
The Department of Health now has an Office of Health Equity led by a full‑time director. The Health Equity Commission gives broader advice and members may receive per diem and expense pay.
By January 15, 2026, DCF and the Chief Superior Judge must propose a plan to fund supervised visitation statewide. The plan covers coordination, fair funding, and access in counties without services, with input from victim service groups. The law does not add money now.
Towns that abated State education property taxes due to floods can apply for reimbursement if abated before November 15, 2025. Covered disasters are those declared between July 1, 2023 and December 31, 2024. Reimbursed interest is capped at 8%.
The PILOT Special Fund keeps its earned interest and pays specified payments in lieu of taxes. Correctional facility PILOT payments come from this fund. The finance commissioner can pay bills in anticipation of receipts.
Towns that buy flood‑prone properties after July 1, 2023 and keep them as open space get yearly payments. The payment equals the property’s assessed value at damage times the municipal tax rate. Towns get the full amount for five years, then half for years 6–10. First property certifications are due by Sept 1, 2025. The program has $1 million in FY2026 that carries forward, and payments are cut proportionally if the fund is short.
The state pays the University of Vermont one‑twelfth of its appropriation around the 15th of each month. From that appropriation, $380,362 goes to EPSCoR to meet State matching needs.
The law creates and converts several state positions for FY2026 across multiple agencies, including prosecutors’ offices and the Human Rights Commission. It extends some limited‑service roles through June 30, 2026. It also funds $1,575,000 for a Classification Modernization project to update state job systems.
Human Resources must study pay for all classified jobs at the Vermont Pension Investment Commission by January 15, 2026 and every three years. Eight limited‑service jobs at the Office of the Defender General become permanent exempt positions in FY2025.
Property transfer tax amounts above $32,954,775 go to the General Fund. From that excess, $6,106,335 is moved to the Vermont Housing and Conservation Trust Fund and $1,279,740 goes to the Municipal and Regional Planning Fund.
More property transfer tax money now stays in the Vermont Housing and Conservation Trust Fund. The threshold rises to $28,238,050 from $22,106,740. Only amounts above $28,238,050 move to the General Fund. This leaves more for housing and land conservation.
Manufacturers that file a disclosure must pay $765 each year, up from $500. The fee is due by April 1. The money funds collection and review of marketing data.
Paid fundraiser registration now costs $675 per year, up from $500. Each solicitation notice costs $270, up from $200. Fees support the Attorney General’s oversight.
The law repeals the Traumatic Brain Injury Fund. This ends the fund’s legal authority and may reduce supports once provided through it.
The Workforce Education and Training Fund is repealed. Programs that used this fund may be paid for or run differently going forward.
Hospitals now pay 36% of the Board’s costs, up from 28.8%. Nonprofit hospital and medical service companies and some insurers pay 24%, and the State pays 40%. No entity pays less than $150; any shortfall is spread to others.
The Green Mountain Care Board’s costs are split differently. The State pays 40%, hospitals 36%, nonprofit insurers 24%, and ACOs 8%. Each entity still pays at least $150.
Repeal of the telephone personal property tax moves to July 1, 2026. Repeal of the alternative telephone gross revenues tax moves to January 1, 2027. Final payment timing is adjusted to match these new dates.
If you can file a joint federal return, you must file a joint Vermont return. The Tax Commissioner may allow a different status in some cases. This can raise or lower your Vermont tax based on your income mix.
Employers that already offer a tax‑favored retirement plan are excluded from Vermont Saves. Government employers are excluded. Firms not in business in both the current and prior year are also excluded. This narrows which employers must join, and which workers get access through this program.
The filing deadline for new child protection rules moves to April 1, 2026. The rules now take effect September 1, 2026, delaying the start while setting clear dates.
The finance commissioner can move up to $100,000 of unspent funds between appropriations, up from $50,000. The year‑end account adjustment limit rises from $100 to $200.
New loans from the Municipal Equipment Loan Fund are limited to $1.5 million total each fiscal year. If a town loses multiple pieces of equipment or faces sudden hardship, the Committee may waive the $150,000 yearly cap per loan and the 75% purchase‑price limit when replacement would cause undue hardship.
The state repeals the old substance misuse prevention funding statute. At the same time, the law directs 30% of cannabis excise taxes (up to $10 million a year) to a new prevention fund. Programs may see funding move under the new rules.
The Agency of Human Services can use emergency rulemaking for Medicaid and the health exchange only when new laws require faster changes than normal. The Attorney General’s Medicaid Fraud Unit keeps half of the State’s recovery amounts above restitution to fund its work. The budget also gives the Attorney General $1,802,200.
For the 2025 tax year, Vermont uses federal nonprofit tax‑exempt rules as they stood on April 1, 2025. Later federal changes in 2025 do not apply for state status that year. This clarifies how nonprofits keep or gain state tax‑exempt status. Nonprofits do not get later 2025 federal expansions, and they are not hurt by later 2025 federal limits.
The debt advisory committee reports every two years with an interim update in off years. It must use more metrics and exclude some cash fund subaccounts from its debt estimate. Reports are due by September 30 in reporting years.
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There is no primary sponsor on record.
There are no cosponsors for this bill.
All Roll Calls
Yes: 283 • No: 84
House vote • 5/15/2025
Which was agreed to on a Roll Call Passed -- Needed 68 of 135 to Pass -- Yeas = 132, Nays = 3
Yes: 132 • No: 3 • Other: 1
Senate vote • 5/1/2025
Roll Call, requested by Senator Beck, Failed -- Needed 23 of 30 to Pass -- Yeas = 13, Nays = 17
Yes: 13 • No: 17
Senate vote • 5/1/2025
Roll Call, requested by Senator Ingalls, Failed -- Needed 23 of 30 to Pass -- Yeas = 14, Nays = 16
Yes: 14 • No: 16
Senate vote • 5/1/2025
Passed on roll call, requested by Senator Ram Hinsdale, Passed -- Needed 15 of 30 to Pass -- Yeas = 20, Nays = 10
Yes: 20 • No: 10
House vote • 3/27/2025
Which was agreed to on a Roll Call Passed -- Needed 71 of 142 to Pass -- Yeas = 104, Nays = 38
Yes: 104 • No: 38 • Other: 1
House message: Governor approved bill on May 21, 2025
Signed by Governor on May 21, 2025
House message: House adopted Conference Committee report
Delivered to the Governor on May 15, 2025
Bill ordered delivered to the Governor forthwith per Joint Rule 15 as moved by Rep. McCoy of Poultney
Which was agreed to on a Roll Call Passed -- Needed 68 of 135 to Pass -- Yeas = 132, Nays = 3
Committee of Conference report adopted (House bill)
Rep. Scheu of Middlebury demanded yeas and nays
Action Calendar: Report of Committee of Conference
Notice Calendar: Report of Committee of Conference
Senate Message: Report of Committee of Conference adopted
Rules suspended & messaged to House forthwith, on motion of Senator Baruth
Committee of Conference report adopted
Committee of Conference report submitted by Senator Perchlik for Committee, text
Rules suspended & taken up for immediate consideration, on motion of Senator Baruth
Committee of Conference report
Entered on Notice Calendar
Senate Message: Committee of Conference members appointed
Committee of Conference appointed: Senators Perchlik, Westman, and Lyons
House message: House refused to concur in Senate proposal of amendment & requested Conference Committee; House Conference Committee members appointed
Rules suspended and bill messaged forthwith to the Senate as moved by Rep. Toof of St. Albans Town
Speaker appointed Reps. Scheu of Middlebury, Harrison of Chittenden, and Bluemle of Burlington as members of the Committee of Conference on the part of the House
Senate proposal of amendment not concurred in and Committee of Conference requested upon motion of Rep. Scheu of Middlebury
Rules suspended and taken up for immediate consideration as moved by Rep. Toof of St. Albans Town
Notice Calendar: Senate Proposal of Amendment
As Enacted (ACT 27)
5/28/2025
As Passed by Both Chambers
5/15/2025
As Passed by Both Chambers (Unofficial)
5/15/2025
Senate Proposal of Amendment
5/2/2025
Senate Proposal of Amendment (Unofficial)
5/2/2025
As Passed by the House
3/31/2025
As Passed by the House (Unofficial)
3/31/2025
As Introduced
3/25/2025
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