Title 10 — Armed ForcesRelease 119-73
§2891a Requirements relating to management of housing units
Title 10 › Subtitle Subtitle A— - General Military Law › Part PART IV— - SERVICE, SUPPLY, AND PROPERTY › Chapter CHAPTER 169— - MILITARY CONSTRUCTION AND MILITARY FAMILY HOUSING › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER V— - OVERSIGHT OF LANDLORDS AND PROTECTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES FOR TENANTS OF PRIVATIZED MILITARY HOUSING › § 2891a
Summary
Make sure each contract with a landlord who runs military housing includes the rules below. The installation commander must check each landlord’s mold and pest plans every year and tell the landlord and the major command about any problems. If the housing office asks, the commander must use bio-environmental staff or a contractor to test units for mold, unsafe water, and other health or safety hazards. The head of the housing office must inspect and approve vacant units before they are rented, inspect units at move-out, keep all test and inspection records for the life of the contract, get a list of move-out charges the landlord wants to collect, and contact new tenants about their satisfaction 15 days and 60 days after move-in. Landlords must tell the Department about bonus pay for managers. They must share health and safety test results with the tenant and the housing office within 3 days and include a simple guide explaining the results. Landlords must do a walkthrough with a prospective tenant or the tenant’s housing-office designee before a lease is signed. If a unit fails health or safety standards, the landlord must fix it and allow a re-inspection. Landlords may not run promotional events to get survey responses, give “partner” awards to the Department, or enter secret settlement deals without first telling the tenant about legal help and giving the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Sustainment a copy 5 days before. Landlords cannot penalize a prospective tenant on a waiting list if the tenant turns down a unit confirmed unsatisfactory by the housing office and commander. Landlords must allow housing office inspections, join dispute-resolution and payment-withholding processes, consider Exceptional Family Member Program needs on request, keep an electronic work-order system tenants can access, and use forms approved by the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Sustainment. The Department must do a mold inspection of each vacant unit before a new tenant moves in and must give the results to the new tenant. Landlords may not charge extra out-of-pocket fees on top of normal rent for similar units, except for optional services, certain non-essential utilities, or tenant-caused damages. Costs to modify or upgrade units for people with disabilities under the ADA or Fair Housing Act may not be treated as optional fees and may not be charged to tenants.
Full Legal Text
Title 10, §2891a
Armed Forces — Source: USLM XML via OLRC
(a)The Secretary of Defense shall ensure that each contract between the Secretary concerned and a landlord regarding the management of housing units for an installation of the Department of Defense includes the requirements set forth in this section.
(b)(1)The installation commander shall be responsible for—
(A)reviewing, on an annual basis, the mold mitigation plan and pest control plan of each landlord managing housing units for the installation; and
(B)notifying the landlord and the major subordinate command of any deficiencies found in either plan.
(2)In response to a request by the head of the housing management office of an installation, the installation commander shall use the assigned bio-environmental personnel or contractor equivalent at the installation to test housing units for mold, unsafe water conditions, and other health and safety conditions.
(c)(1)The head of the housing management office of an installation shall be responsible for—
(A)conducting a physical inspection of, and approving the habitability of, a vacant housing unit for the installation before the landlord managing the housing unit is authorized to offer the housing unit available for occupancy;
(B)conducting a physical inspection of the housing unit upon tenant move-out; and
(C)maintaining all test results relating to the health, environmental, and safety condition of the housing unit and the results of any inspection conducted by the housing management office, landlord, or third-party contractor for the life of the contract relating to that housing unit.
(2)The head of the installation housing management office shall be provided a list of any move-out charges that a landlord seeks to collect from an outgoing tenant.
(3)The head of the installation housing management office shall initiate contact with a tenant regarding the satisfaction of the tenant with the housing unit of the tenant not later than—
(A)15 days after move-in; and
(B)60 days after move-in.
(d)(1)The landlord providing a housing unit shall disclose to the Secretary of Defense any bonus structures offered for community managers and regional executives and any bonus structures relating to maintenance of housing units, in order to minimize the impact of those incentives on the operating budget of the installation for which the housing units are provided.
(2)With respect to test results relating to the health and safety condition of a housing unit, the landlord providing the housing unit shall—
(A)not later than three days after receiving the test results, share the results with the tenant of the housing unit and submit the results to the head of the installation housing management office; and
(B)include with any environmental hazard test results a simple guide explaining those results, preferably citing standards set forth by the Federal Government relating to environmental hazards.
(3)Before a prospective tenant signs a lease to occupy a housing unit, the landlord providing the housing unit shall conduct a walkthrough inspection of the housing unit—
(A)for the prospective tenant; or
(B)if the prospective tenant is not able to be present for the inspection, with an official of the housing management office designated by the prospective tenant to conduct the inspection on the tenant’s behalf.
(4)In the event that the installation housing management office determines that a housing unit does not meet minimum health, safety, and welfare standards set forth in Federal, State, and local law as a result of a walkthrough inspection or an inspection conducted under subsection (c), the landlord providing the housing unit shall remediate any issues and make any appropriate repairs to the satisfaction of the housing management office and subject to another inspection by the housing management office.
(5)A landlord providing a housing unit may not conduct any promotional events to encourage tenants to fill out maintenance comment cards or satisfaction surveys of any kind, without the approval of the chief of the housing management office.
(6)A landlord providing a housing unit may not award an installation of the Department of Defense or an officer or employee of the Department a “Partner of the Year award” or similar award.
(7)A landlord providing a housing unit may not enter into any form of settlement, nondisclosure, or release of liability agreement with a tenant without—
(A)first notifying the tenant of the tenant’s right to assistance from the legal assistance office at the installation; and
(B)not later than five days before entering into such settlement, nondisclosure, or release of liability agreement, providing a copy of the agreement and terms to the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Sustainment.
(8)A landlord providing a housing unit may not change the position of a prospective tenant on a waiting list for a housing unit or remove a prospective tenant from the waiting list in response to the prospective tenant turning down an offer for a housing unit, if the housing unit is determined unsatisfactory by the prospective tenant and the determination is confirmed by the housing management office and the installation commander.
(9)A landlord providing a housing unit shall allow employees of the housing management office and other officers and employees of the Department to conduct—
(A)with the permission of the tenant of the housing unit as appropriate, physical inspections of the housing unit; and
(B)physical inspections of any common areas maintained by the landlord.
(10)A landlord providing a housing unit shall agree to participate in the dispute resolution and payment-withholding processes established pursuant to section 2894 of this title.
(11)Upon request by a prospective tenant, a landlord providing a housing unit shall ensure that the needs of enrollees in the Exceptional Family Member Program, or any successor program, are considered in assigning the prospective tenant to a housing unit provided by the landlord.
(12)A landlord providing a housing unit shall maintain an electronic work order system that enables access by the tenant to view work order history, status, and other relevant information, as required by section 2892 of this title.
(13)A landlord providing a housing unit shall agree to have any agreements or forms to be used by the landlord approved by the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Sustainment, including the following:
(A)A common lease agreement.
(B)Any disclosure or nondisclosure forms that could be given to a tenant.
(e)The Secretary concerned shall be responsible for—
(1)providing for a mold inspection of each vacant housing unit before any new tenant moves into the unit; and
(2)providing to the new tenant the results of the inspection.
(f)(1)A landlord providing a housing unit may not impose on a tenant of the housing unit a supplemental payment, such as an out-of-pocket fee, in addition to the amount of rent the landlord charges for a unit of similar size and composition to the housing unit, without regard to whether or not the amount of the basic allowance for housing under section 403 of title 37 the tenant may receive as a member of the armed forces is less than the amount of the rent.
(2)Nothing in paragraph (1) shall be construed—
(A)to prohibit a landlord from imposing an additional payment—
(i)for optional services provided to military tenants, such as access to a gym or a parking space;
(ii)for non-essential utility services, as determined in accordance with regulations promulgated by the Secretary concerned; or
(iii)to recover damages associated with tenant negligence, consistent with subsection (c)(2); or
(B)to limit or otherwise affect the authority of the Secretary concerned to enter into rental guarantee agreements under section 2876 of this title or to make differential lease payments under section 2877 of this title, so long as such agreements or payments do not require a tenant to pay an out-of-pocket fee or payment in addition to the amount of any basic allowance for housing under section 403 of title 37 the tenant may receive as a member of the armed forces.
(3)(A)Costs incurred to reasonably modify or upgrade a housing unit to comply with standards addressing discrimination against an individual with a disability established pursuant to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.), or to meet the reasonable modification and accommodation requirements of section 804 of the Fair Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 3604) and in order to facilitate occupancy of a housing unit by an individual with a disability, may not be considered optional services under paragraph (2)(A)(i) or another exception to the prohibition in paragraph (1) against collection from tenants of housing units of amounts in addition to rent.
(B)In subparagraph (A), the term “disability” has the meaning given that term in section 3 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12102).
Legislative History
Notes & Related Subsidiaries
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (e)(3)(A), is Pub. L. 101–336, July 26, 1990, 104 Stat. 327, which is classified principally to chapter 126 (§ 12101 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see
Short Title
note set out under section 12101 of Title 42 and Tables.
Amendments
2022—Subsecs. (e), (f). Pub. L. 117–263 added subsec. (e) and redesignated former subsec. (e) as (f). 2021—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 116–283, § 2811(d)(1), inserted period at end. Subsec. (d)(11). Pub. L. 116–283, § 2811(d)(2), added par. (11) and struck out former par. (11) which read as follows: “A landlord providing a housing unit shall ensure that the needs of enrollees in the Exceptional Family Member Program, or any successor program, are considered in assigning prospective tenants to housing units provided by the landlord.” Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 117–81, § 1081(a)(31), substituted “the basic allowance” for “the any basic allowance”. Subsec. (e)(2)(B). Pub. L. 116–283, § 2811(d)(3), substituted “any” for “the any”. Subsec. (e)(3). Pub. L. 117–81, § 2813(b)(1), added par. (3).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
of 2021 Amendment Pub. L. 117–81, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2813(b)(2), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2192, provided that: “Subsection (e)(3) of section 2891a of title 10, United States Code [now 10 U.S.C. 2891e(f)(3)], as added by paragraph (1), shall apply to contracts described in subsection (a) of such section entered into on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 27, 2021].”
Effective Date
of 2019 Amendment Pub. L. 116–92, div. B, title XXX, § 3014(c), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1926, provided that: “The requirements set forth in section 2891a of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), shall apply to appropriate legal documents entered into or renewed on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 20, 2019] between the Secretary of a military department and a landlord regarding privatized military housing.” [For definitions of “landlord” and “privatized military housing” as used in section 3014(c) of Pub. L. 116–92, set out above, see section 3001(a) of Pub. L. 116–92, set out as a note under section 2821 of this title.] Implementation of Recommendations From Audit of Medical Conditions of Residents in Privatized Military Housing Pub. L. 117–263, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2825, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3001, provided that: “Not later than
March 1, 2023, the Secretary of Defense shall implement the recommendations contained in the report of the Inspector General of the Department of Defense published on
April 1, 2022, and titled ‘Audit of Medical Conditions of Residents in Privatized Military Housing’ (DODIG–2022–078).” Military Department Implementation Plans Pub. L. 116–92, div. B, title XXX, § 3014(b), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1926, provided that: “Not later than
February 1, 2020, the Secretary of each military department shall submit to the congressional defense committees [Committees on Armed Services and Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives] a plan for the implementation by that military department of section 2891a of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a).” Retroactive Landlord Agreements Pub. L. 116–92, div. B, title XXX, § 3014(e), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1926, provided that: “(1) In general.—Not later than
February 1, 2020, the Secretary of Defense shall seek agreement from all landlords to accept the application of the requirements set forth in section 2891a of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), to appropriate legal documents entered into or renewed before the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 20, 2019] between the Secretary of a military department and a landlord regarding privatized military housing [sic] “(2) Submittal of list to congress.—Not later than
March 1, 2020, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congressional defense committees [Committees on Armed Services and Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives] a list of any landlords that did not agree under paragraph (1) to accept the requirements set forth in section 2891a of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a). “(3) Consideration of lack of agreement in future contracts.—The Secretary of Defense and the Secretaries of the military departments shall include any lack of agreement under paragraph (1) as past performance considered under section 2891b of title 10, United States Code, as added by section 3015, with respect to entering into or renewing any future contracts regarding privatized military housing.” [For definitions of “landlord” and “privatized military housing” as used in section 3014(e) of Pub. L. 116–92, set out above, see section 3001(a) of Pub. L. 116–92, set out as a note under section 2821 of this title.]
Reference
Citations & Metadata
Citation
10 U.S.C. § 2891a
Title 10 — Armed Forces
Last Updated
Apr 6, 2026
Release point: 119-73