Title 11BankruptcyRelease 119-73

§703 Successor trustee

Title 11 › Chapter CHAPTER 7— - LIQUIDATION › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - OFFICERS AND ADMINISTRATION › § 703

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

When a trustee dies, quits, fails to qualify, or is removed, the creditors can pick someone to take the trustee’s place using the election rules the law sets. While they choose, the U.S. trustee can put in a temporary trustee if needed to protect the estate. If creditors do not pick a successor, or if the case is reopened, the U.S. trustee must appoint a neutral person from the panel of private trustees. If none of them will serve, the U.S. trustee may act as trustee.

Full Legal Text

Title 11, §703

Bankruptcy — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)If a trustee dies or resigns during a case, fails to qualify under section 322 of this title, or is removed under section 324 of this title, creditors may elect, in the manner specified in section 702 of this title, a person to fill the vacancy in the office of trustee.
(b)Pending election of a trustee under subsection (a) of this section, if necessary to preserve or prevent loss to the estate, the United States trustee may appoint an interim trustee in the manner specified in section 701(a).
(c)If creditors do not elect a successor trustee under subsection (a) of this section or if a trustee is needed in a case reopened under section 350 of this title, then the United States trustee—
(1)shall appoint one disinterested person that is a member of the panel of private trustees established under section 586(a)(1) of title 28 to serve as trustee in the case; or
(2)may, if none of the disinterested members of such panel is willing to serve as trustee, serve as trustee in the case.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Historical and Revision Notes

senate report no. 95–989

If the office of trustee becomes vacant during the case, this section makes provision for the selection of a successor trustee. The office might become vacant through death, resignation, removal, failure to qualify under section 322 by posting bond, or the reopening of a case. If it does, creditors may elect a successor in the same manner as they may elect a trustee under the previous section. Pending the election of a successor, the court may appoint an interim trustee in the usual manner if necessary to preserve or prevent loss to the estate. If creditors do not elect a successor, or if a trustee is needed in a reopened case, then the court appoints a disinterested member of the panel of private trustees to serve.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–554 amended subsec. (b) generally, substituting “the United States trustee may appoint” for “the court may appoint” and “manner specified in section 701(a)” for “manner and subject to the provisions of section 701 of this title”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99–554 amended subsec. (c) generally, substituting “this section or” for “this section, or”, “then the United States trustee” for “then the court”, designating part of existing provisions as par. (1), and, as so designated, substituting “586(a)(1)” for “604(f)”, “in the case; or” for “in the case.”, and adding par. (2). 1984—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–353 substituted “and subject to the provisions of section 701 of this title” for “specified in section 701(a) of this title. section 701(b) and 701(c) of this title apply to such interim trustee”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 1986 Amendment

Effective Date

and applicability of amendment by Pub. L. 99–554 dependent upon the judicial district involved, see section 302(d), (e) of Pub. L. 99–554, set out as a note under section 581 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

Effective Date

of 1984 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 98–353 effective with respect to cases filed 90 days after July 10, 1984, see section 552(a) of Pub. L. 98–353, set out as a note under section 101 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

11 U.S.C. § 703

Title 11Bankruptcy

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73