Title 25IndiansRelease 119-73

§5365 General provisions

Title 25 › Chapter CHAPTER 46— - INDIAN SELF-DETERMINATION AND EDUCATION ASSISTANCE › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - TRIBAL SELF-GOVERNANCE—DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR › § 5365

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

Include in every compact or funding agreement the rules this subchapter requires. An Indian Tribe must have internal rules under its own law to prevent conflicts of interest when it runs programs. Chapter 75 of title 31 applies to these funding agreements. The Tribe must follow cost rules in the applicable Office of Management and Budget circular, unless a law (including section 5325) or an OMB exemption changes those rules. Any federal claim against the Tribe from an audit is subject to section 5325(f). A Tribe may redesign, combine, or move funds among programs if doing so is best for the community, so long as eligible groups do not lose services; changes to programs listed in section 5363(b)(2) or (c) need a joint agreement with the Secretary. A Tribe may partly or fully give a program back to the Secretary (retrocede). The retrocession takes effect on the date the parties set, or if no date is set, on the earlier of 1 year after the request or when the funding agreement ends, unless they agree on another date. While funded under this subchapter, a Tribe cannot also contract for funds under section 5321, though it can compete for new programs like other Tribes, and it must run programs as the compact or funding agreement requires. Tribe records are not federal records unless the Tribe says so. The Tribe must keep records and give the Secretary reasonable access with at least 30 days’ notice so the Department can meet sections 3101 through 3106 of title 44.

Full Legal Text

Title 25, §5365

Indians — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)An Indian Tribe and the Secretary shall include in any compact or funding agreement provisions that reflect the requirements of this subchapter.
(b)An Indian Tribe participating in self-governance shall ensure that internal measures are in place to address, pursuant to Tribal law and procedures, conflicts of interest in the administration of programs.
(c)(1)Chapter 75 of title 31 shall apply to a funding agreement under this subchapter.
(2)An Indian Tribe shall apply cost principles under the applicable Office of Management and Budget circular, except as modified by—
(A)any provision of law, including section 5325 of this title; or
(B)any exemptions to applicable Office of Management and Budget circulars subsequently granted by the Office of Management and Budget.
(3)Any claim by the Federal Government against an Indian Tribe relating to funds received under a funding agreement based on any audit under this subsection shall be subject to section 5325(f) of this title.
(d)Except as provided in section 5367 of this title, an Indian Tribe may redesign or consolidate programs, or reallocate funds for programs, in a compact or funding agreement in any manner that the Indian Tribe determines to be in the best interest of the Indian community being served—
(1)so long as the redesign or consolidation does not have the effect of denying eligibility for services to population groups otherwise eligible to be served under applicable Federal law; and
(2)except that, with respect to the reallocation, consolidation, and redesign of programs described in subsection (b)(2) or (c) of section 5363 of this title, a joint agreement between the Secretary and the Indian Tribe shall be required.
(e)(1)An Indian Tribe may fully or partially retrocede to the Secretary any program under a compact or funding agreement.
(2)(A)Unless an Indian Tribe rescinds a request for retrocession under paragraph (1), the retrocession shall become effective on the date specified by the parties in the compact or funding agreement.
(B)In the absence of a specification of an effective date in the compact or funding agreement, the retrocession shall become effective on—
(i)the earlier of—
(I)1 year after the date on which the request is submitted; and
(II)the date on which the funding agreement expires; or
(ii)such date as may be mutually agreed upon by the Secretary and the Indian Tribe.
(f)A funding agreement shall provide that, for the period for which, and to the extent to which, funding is provided to an Indian Tribe under this subchapter, the Indian Tribe—
(1)shall not be entitled to contract with the Secretary for funds under section 5321 of this title, except that the Indian Tribe shall be eligible for new programs on the same basis as other Indian Tribes; and
(2)shall be responsible for the administration of programs in accordance with the compact or funding agreement.
(g)(1)Unless an Indian Tribe specifies otherwise in the compact or funding agreement, records of an Indian Tribe shall not be considered to be Federal records for purposes of chapter 5 of title 5.
(2)An Indian Tribe shall—
(A)maintain a recordkeeping system; and
(B)on a notice period of not less than 30 days, provide the Secretary with reasonable access to the records to enable the Department to meet the requirements of sections 3101 through 3106 of title 44.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 5365, Pub. L. 93–638, title IV, § 405, as added Pub. L. 103–413, title II, § 204, Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4276, related to reports, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 116–180, title I, § 101(e), Oct. 21, 2020, 134 Stat. 864. See section 5372 of this title. Such section was formerly classified to section 458ee of this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as section 5365.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

25 U.S.C. § 5365

Title 25Indians

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73