§18901 Definitions

Summary

Gives short meanings for many words used in this division. Artificial intelligence (AI): means what section 9401 of title 15 says. Awardee: the legal entity that gets Federal money and is responsible to the government for using it. Award personnel: people paid by a grant, cooperative agreement, or contract, like principal investigators, co-principal investigators, faculty, postdocs, and other staff. Biomanufacturing: using biological systems to make or improve products, tools, and processes at commercial scale. Emerging research institution: a college or university with an undergraduate or graduate program and less than $50,000,000 in Federal research spending. Engineering biology: applying engineering design to molecular and cellular systems to learn about nature and create or improve functions. EPSCoR: means what section 502 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 says. EPSCoR institution: a college, nonprofit, or other institution in a place eligible under section 1862g. Federal laboratory: means what section 3703 of title 15 says. Federal research agency: any Federal agency with annual extramural research spending of over $100,000,000 in fiscal year 2022 constant dollars. Foundation: the National Science Foundation. Historically Black college and university: means the “part B institution” in section 1061 of title 20. Institution of higher education: means what section 1001(a) of title 20 says. Interagency working group on inclusion in STEM: the group set up by section 6626. Labor organization: means the group in section 152(5) of title 29, and also includes groups made up of unions and groups that would fit that definition even if they represent Federal employees, Railway Labor Act employees, or agricultural workers. Low-income individual: someone from a family whose taxable income for the prior year did not exceed 150 percent of the poverty level as set by the Census Bureau. Manufacturing extension center: means the “Center” in section 278k(a) of title 15. Manufacturing USA institute: means a Manufacturing USA institute described in section 278s(d) of title 15. Minority-serving institution: includes Hispanic-serving, Alaska Native-serving, Native Hawaiian-serving, Predominantly Black, Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving, and Native American-serving nontribal institutions as defined in title 20. National Academies: the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Non-profit organization: an organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the tax code and exempt under section 501(a). PreK–12: pre-kindergarten through grade 12. Quantum information science: means what section 8801 of title 15 says. Recipient: an entity that gets a Federal award directly from a Federal research agency; it does not include subawardees or individual beneficiaries. Research and development award: support from a Federal research agency for R&D work (grants, contracts, cooperative agreements, or other transactions) but not purchases of goods or services for an agency’s administrative needs. Skilled technical work: a job that needs a high level of technical knowledge and does not require a bachelor’s degree to start. STEM: science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, including computer science. STEM education: means what section 2 of the STEM Education Act of 2015 says. Technical standard: means what section 12(d)(5) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 says. Tribal College or University: means what section 1059c of title 20 says.