Title 42 — The Public Health and WelfareRelease 119-73
§2000ff–6 Remedies and enforcement
Title 42 › Chapter CHAPTER 21F— - PROHIBITING EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF GENETIC INFORMATION › § 2000ff–6
Summary
Gives the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the Attorney General, certain Boards, the President, and any person the same enforcement tools, procedures, and remedies that older civil-rights and federal-employee laws provide when they bring claims under this law for the matching groups of employees. For example, it applies the Title VII tools to one group, the Government Employee Rights Act tools to another, the Congressional Accountability Act tools to congressional employees, chapter 5 of title 3 for some federal officers and boards, and section 717 tools for Library of Congress employees — and it also makes the fee and damage rules in sections 1988 and 1981a (including the limits in 1981a(b)(3) and excepting practices 1981a(a)(1) leaves out) apply as well. No one may punish a person for opposing practices made illegal here or for charging, testifying, helping, or taking part in an investigation or hearing, and the same remedies and procedures cover those retaliation claims. The term "Commission" means the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
Full Legal Text
Title 42, §2000ff–6
The Public Health and Welfare — Source: USLM XML via OLRC
(a)(1)The powers, procedures, and remedies provided in section 705, 706, 707, 709, 710, and 711 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [42 U.S.C. 2000e–4 to 2000e–6, 2000e–8 to 2000e–10] to the Commission, the Attorney General, or any person, alleging a violation of title VII of that Act (42 U.S.C. 2000e et seq.) shall be the powers, procedures, and remedies this chapter provides to the Commission, the Attorney General, or any person, respectively, alleging an unlawful employment practice in violation of this chapter against an employee described in section 2000ff(2)(A)(i) of this title, except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3).
(2)The powers, remedies, and procedures provided in subsections (b) and (c) of section 1988 of this title,11 So in original. The comma probably should not appear. shall be powers, remedies, and procedures this chapter provides to the Commission, the Attorney General, or any person, alleging such a practice.
(3)The powers, remedies, and procedures provided in section 1981a of this title, including the limitations contained in subsection (b)(3) of such section 1981a, shall be powers, remedies, and procedures this chapter provides to the Commission, the Attorney General, or any person, alleging such a practice (not an employment practice specifically excluded from coverage under section 1981a(a)(1) of this title).
(b)(1)The powers, remedies, and procedures provided in section 302 and 304 of the Government Employee Rights Act of 1991 (42 U.S.C. 2000e–16b, 2000e–16c) to the Commission, or any person, alleging a violation of section 302(a)(1) of that Act (42 U.S.C. 2000e–16b(a)(1)) shall be the powers, remedies, and procedures this chapter provides to the Commission, or any person, respectively, alleging an unlawful employment practice in violation of this chapter against an employee described in section 2000ff(2)(A)(ii) of this title, except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3).
(2)The powers, remedies, and procedures provided in subsections (b) and (c) of section 1988 of this title,1 shall be powers, remedies, and procedures this chapter provides to the Commission, or any person, alleging such a practice.
(3)The powers, remedies, and procedures provided in section 1981a of this title, including the limitations contained in subsection (b)(3) of such section 1981a, shall be powers, remedies, and procedures this chapter provides to the Commission, or any person, alleging such a practice (not an employment practice specifically excluded from coverage under section 1981a(a)(1) of this title).
(c)(1)The powers, remedies, and procedures provided in the Congressional Accountability Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1301 et seq.) to the Board (as defined in section 101 of that Act (2 U.S.C. 1301)), or any person, alleging a violation of section 201(a)(1) of that Act [2 U.S.C. 1311(a)(1)] shall be the powers, remedies, and procedures this chapter provides to that Board, or any person, alleging an unlawful employment practice in violation of this chapter against an employee described in section 2000ff(2)(A)(iii) of this title, except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3).
(2)The powers, remedies, and procedures provided in subsections (b) and (c) of section 1988 of this title,1 shall be powers, remedies, and procedures this chapter provides to that Board, or any person, alleging such a practice.
(3)The powers, remedies, and procedures provided in section 1981a of this title, including the limitations contained in subsection (b)(3) of such section 1981a, shall be powers, remedies, and procedures this chapter provides to that Board, or any person, alleging such a practice (not an employment practice specifically excluded from coverage under section 1981a(a)(1) of this title).
(4)With respect to a claim alleging a practice described in paragraph (1), title III of the Congressional Accountability Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.) shall apply in the same manner as such title applies with respect to a claim alleging a violation of section 201(a)(1) of such Act (2 U.S.C. 1311(a)(1)).
(d)(1)The powers, remedies, and procedures provided in chapter 5 of title 3 to the President, the Commission, the Merit Systems Protection Board, or any person, alleging a violation of section 411(a)(1) of that title, shall be the powers, remedies, and procedures this chapter provides to the President, the Commission, such Board, or any person, respectively, alleging an unlawful employment practice in violation of this chapter against an employee described in section 2000ff(2)(A)(iv) of this title, except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3).
(2)The powers, remedies, and procedures provided in subsections (b) and (c) of section 1988 of this title,1 shall be powers, remedies, and procedures this chapter provides to the President, the Commission, such Board, or any person, alleging such a practice.
(3)The powers, remedies, and procedures provided in section 1981a of this title, including the limitations contained in subsection (b)(3) of such section 1981a, shall be powers, remedies, and procedures this chapter provides to the President, the Commission, such Board, or any person, alleging such a practice (not an employment practice specifically excluded from coverage under section 1981a(a)(1) of this title).
(e)(1)The powers, remedies, and procedures provided in section 717 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000e–16) to the Commission, the Attorney General, the Librarian of Congress, or any person, alleging a violation of that section shall be the powers, remedies, and procedures this chapter provides to the Commission, the Attorney General, the Librarian of Congress, or any person, respectively, alleging an unlawful employment practice in violation of this chapter against an employee or applicant described in section 2000ff(2)(A)(v) of this title, except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3).
(2)The powers, remedies, and procedures provided in subsections (b) and (c) of section 1988 of this title,1 shall be powers, remedies, and procedures this chapter provides to the Commission, the Attorney General, the Librarian of Congress, or any person, alleging such a practice.
(3)The powers, remedies, and procedures provided in section 1981a of this title, including the limitations contained in subsection (b)(3) of such section 1981a, shall be powers, remedies, and procedures this chapter provides to the Commission, the Attorney General, the Librarian of Congress, or any person, alleging such a practice (not an employment practice specifically excluded from coverage under section 1981a(a)(1) of this title).
(f)No person shall discriminate against any individual because such individual has opposed any act or practice made unlawful by this chapter or because such individual made a charge, testified, assisted, or participated in any manner in an investigation, proceeding, or hearing under this chapter. The remedies and procedures otherwise provided for under this section shall be available to aggrieved individuals with respect to violations of this subsection.
(g)In this section, the term “Commission” means the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
Legislative History
Notes & Related Subsidiaries
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The Civil Rights Act of 1964, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 88–352, July 2, 1964, 78 Stat. 241. Title VII of the Act is classified generally to subchapter VI (§ 2000e et seq.) of chapter 21 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see
Short Title
note set out under section 2000a of this title and Tables. The Government Employee Rights Act of 1991, referred to in subsec. (b), is title III of Pub. L. 102–166, Nov. 21, 1991, 105 Stat. 1088, which is classified generally to sections 2000e–16a to 2000e–16c of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 2000e–16a(a) of Title 42 and Tables. The Congressional Accountability Act of 1995, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), (4), is Pub. L. 104–1, Jan. 23, 1995, 109 Stat. 3, which is classified principally to chapter 24 (§ 1301 et seq.) of Title 2, The Congress. Title III of the Act is classified generally to subchapter III (§ 1381 et seq.) of chapter 24 of Title 2. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see
Short Title
note under section 1301 of Title 2 and Tables.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective 18 months after May 21, 2008, see section 213 of Pub. L. 110–233, set out as a note under section 2000ff of this title.
Reference
Citations & Metadata
Citation
42 U.S.C. § 2000ff–6
Title 42 — The Public Health and Welfare
Last Updated
Apr 6, 2026
Release point: 119-73