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119-hr-1702119th Congress
JUDGES Act of 2025
Sponsored By: Representative Issa, Darrell [R-CA-48]
In Committee
Summary
Massive expansion of permanent district judgeships would add dozens of judges across many districts from 2025 through 2035 to ease understaffing and caseload pressure. It also would reorganize some California and Texas localities and force more public reporting and GAO reviews of court workload and detention planning.
Show full summary
- Would increase judgeship counts immediately in 2025 with 11 new judges and then add more in 2027, 2029, 2031, 2033, and 2035, updating the statutory district table for many districts including California, Texas, Florida, New York, and others. This changes who hears cases where by raising authorized judges in specific districts.
- Would create one temporary judge for the Eastern District of Oklahoma whose vacancy could go unfilled five years after appointment. This provides a short-term staffing boost while also limiting long-term vacancies from that seat.
- Would require the Government Accountability Office to report on workload measures and detention-space needs within two years and force the Administrative Office and Judicial Conference to publish the biennial Article III judgeship recommendations and supporting materials online for public access.
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
2 provisions identified: 1 benefits, 0 costs, 1 mixed.
Adds federal trial judges in stages
If enacted, this bill would add permanent district judges across named courts. The first group would start on the date of enactment in 2025. Later groups would start on January 21 of 2027, 2029, 2031, 2033, and 2035. The President would nominate the judges, and the Senate would confirm them. It would update the judgeship totals in federal law and authorize funding that rises with inflation: about $13.0 million each year for 2025–2026; $23.15 million for 2027–2028; $32.41 million for 2029–2030; $42.60 million for 2031–2032; $51.86 million for 2033–2034; and $61.12 million for 2035 and later.
Temporary judge for Eastern Oklahoma
If enacted, the bill would add one temporary district judge in the Eastern District of Oklahoma, starting on enactment. The President would appoint the judge with Senate approval. If a vacancy occurs five or more years after that judge’s confirmation, that vacancy would not be filled.
Sponsors & CoSponsors
Sponsor
Issa, Darrell [R-CA-48]
CA • R
Cosponsors
Rep. Lee, Laurel M. [R-FL-15]
FL • R
Sponsored 2/27/2025
Rep. Nehls, Troy E. [R-TX-22]
TX • R
Sponsored 2/27/2025
Rep. Kiley, Kevin [I-CA-3]
CA • I
Sponsored 2/27/2025
Rep. Cole, Tom [R-OK-4]
OK • R
Sponsored 3/4/2025
Rep. Peters, Scott H. [D-CA-50]
CA • D
Sponsored 3/14/2025
Rep. Vargas, Juan [D-CA-52]
CA • D
Sponsored 3/14/2025
Rep. Correa, J. Luis [D-CA-46]
CA • D
Sponsored 3/26/2025
Rep. Bell, Wesley [D-MO-1]
MO • D
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Rep. Bilirakis, Gus M. [R-FL-12]
FL • R
Sponsored 3/31/2025
Rep. Shreve, Jefferson [R-IN-6]
IN • R
Sponsored 4/7/2025
Rep. De La Cruz, Monica [R-TX-15]
TX • R
Sponsored 4/7/2025
Rep. Simpson, Michael K. [R-ID-2]
ID • R
Sponsored 4/8/2025
Rep. Calvert, Ken [R-CA-41]
CA • R
Sponsored 4/24/2025
Rep. Flood, Mike [R-NE-1]
NE • R
Sponsored 6/9/2025
Rep. Gray, Adam [D-CA-13]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/27/2025
Rep. Crank, Jeff [R-CO-5]
CO • R
Sponsored 1/30/2026
Rep. Rutherford, John H. [R-FL-5]
FL • R
Sponsored 4/27/2026
Roll Call Votes
No roll call votes available for this bill.
View on Congress.gov