119-hr-3868119th Congress

Enhanced Background Checks Act of 2025

Sponsored By: Representative Clyburn, James E. [D-SC-6]

Introduced

Summary

Creates a petition-for-review that lets a prospective buyer ask for a decision when a delayed background check by the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) has not flagged a legal bar. It would also extend the time licensees can rely on certain NICS responses and require new oversight reports on delays and effects for victims of domestic and related violence.

Show full summary

Prospective transferees: A person could submit an Attorney General form certifying no known disqualifying prohibition to trigger a review. The transfer process must wait at least 10 business days after contact and the system then has a further 10 business days to respond.
Federal firearms licensees: Licensees would get clearer, longer reliance windows when NICS returns a non-disqualifying notification, generally about 25 to 30 days, which aims to reduce uncertainty while checks continue.
Survivors of domestic abuse and related victims: The Attorney General must report within 150 days on the Act's impact on domestic violence, dating partner violence, sexual assault, and stalking victims, with state-by-state detail and recommendations for further changes.
Oversight and enforcement: The bill requires periodic Government Accountability Office assessments and annual FBI reports on petitions and delays, and it directs the Justice Department Inspector General to report within 90 days on transactions NICS identified as violations.

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

1 provisions identified: 0 benefits, 0 costs, 1 mixed.

Petition process and wait times for gun buyers

If enacted, this would change timing for gun background checks. After 10 business days from the dealer’s first NICS contact, a buyer could file a petition if NICS has not said the sale is illegal. You could file online or by mail, certify you are not prohibited, and ask for a 10‑business‑day response. The sale could proceed only if 10 business days pass after the petition and NICS still has not found a violation. Dealers would get new reliance windows: the longer of 25 calendar days after a clear notice or 30 days after first contact, plus 25 days tied to a buyer’s petition compliance. It would also remove a related 10‑business‑day processing cap and clarify sales when a buyer turns 21; changes would start 210 days after enactment.

Sponsors & CoSponsors

Sponsor

Clyburn, James E. [D-SC-6]

SC • D

Cosponsors

Rep. Amo, Gabe [D-RI-1]
RI • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Ansari, Yassamin [D-AZ-3]
AZ • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Auchincloss, Jake [D-MA-4]
MA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Barragán, Nanette Diaz [D-CA-44]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Beatty, Joyce [D-OH-3]
OH • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Bell, Wesley [D-MO-1]
MO • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Bera, Ami [D-CA-6]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Beyer, Donald S. [D-VA-8]
VA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Boyle, Brendan F. [D-PA-2]
PA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Brown, Shontel M. [D-OH-11]
OH • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Brownley, Julia [D-CA-26]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Casten, Sean [D-IL-6]
IL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Castor, Kathy [D-FL-14]
FL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Carbajal, Salud O. [D-CA-24]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Carson, André [D-IN-7]
IN • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Carter, Troy A. [D-LA-2]
LA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Cherfilus-McCormick, Sheila [D-FL-20]
FL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Clarke, Yvette D. [D-NY-9]
NY • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Cleaver, Emanuel [D-MO-5]
MO • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Cohen, Steve [D-TN-9]
TN • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Courtney, Joe [D-CT-2]
CT • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Craig, Angie [D-MN-2]
MN • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Crockett, Jasmine [D-TX-30]
TX • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Davis, Danny K. [D-IL-7]
IL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Dean, Madeleine [D-PA-4]
PA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. DeLauro, Rosa L. [D-CT-3]
CT • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Deluzio, Christopher R. [D-PA-17]
PA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. DeSaulnier, Mark [D-CA-10]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Dexter, Maxine [D-OR-3]
OR • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Doggett, Lloyd [D-TX-37]
TX • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Evans, Dwight [D-PA-3]
PA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Fields, Cleo [D-LA-6]
LA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Fletcher, Lizzie [D-TX-7]
TX • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Foster, Bill [D-IL-11]
IL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Foushee, Valerie P. [D-NC-4]
NC • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Frost, Maxwell [D-FL-10]
FL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Garamendi, John [D-CA-8]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. García, Jesús G. "Chuy" [D-IL-4]
IL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Garcia, Robert [D-CA-42]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Goldman, Daniel S. [D-NY-10]
NY • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Gomez, Jimmy [D-CA-34]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Gottheimer, Josh [D-NJ-5]
NJ • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Hayes, Jahana [D-CT-5]
CT • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Horsford, Steven [D-NV-4]
NV • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Hoyer, Steny H. [D-MD-5]
MD • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Hoyle, Val T. [D-OR-4]
OR • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Ivey, Glenn [D-MD-4]
MD • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Jacobs, Sara [D-CA-51]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Kelly, Robin L. [D-IL-2]
IL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Kennedy, Timothy M. [D-NY-26]
NY • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Khanna, Ro [D-CA-17]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Krishnamoorthi, Raja [D-IL-8]
IL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Jayapal, Pramila [D-WA-7]
WA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Johnson, Henry C. "Hank" [D-GA-4]
GA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Larsen, Rick [D-WA-2]
WA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Lee, Susie [D-NV-3]
NV • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Lofgren, Zoe [D-CA-18]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Lynch, Stephen F. [D-MA-8]
MA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Magaziner, Seth [D-RI-2]
RI • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. McBride, Sarah [D-DE-At Large]
DE • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. McClellan, Jennifer L. [D-VA-4]
VA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. McCollum, Betty [D-MN-4]
MN • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. McGarvey, Morgan [D-KY-3]
KY • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. McIver, LaMonica [D-NJ-10]
NJ • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Meeks, Gregory W. [D-NY-5]
NY • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Menendez, Robert [D-NJ-8]
NJ • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Mfume, Kweisi [D-MD-7]
MD • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Moore, Gwen [D-WI-4]
WI • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Moskowitz, Jared [D-FL-23]
FL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Morelle, Joseph D. [D-NY-25]
NY • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Moulton, Seth [D-MA-6]
MA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Nadler, Jerrold [D-NY-12]
NY • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Neguse, Joe [D-CO-2]
CO • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Del. Norton, Eleanor Holmes [D-DC-At Large]
DC • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Pallone, Frank [D-NJ-6]
NJ • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Pelosi, Nancy [D-CA-12]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Peters, Scott H. [D-CA-50]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Pingree, Chellie [D-ME-1]
ME • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Del. Plaskett, Stacey E. [D-VI-At Large]
VI • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Pocan, Mark [D-WI-2]
WI • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Quigley, Mike [D-IL-5]
IL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Ramirez, Delia C. [D-IL-3]
IL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Salinas, Andrea [D-OR-6]
OR • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Scanlon, Mary Gay [D-PA-5]
PA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Schakowsky, Janice D. [D-IL-9]
IL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Schneider, Bradley Scott [D-IL-10]
IL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Scott, David [D-GA-13]
GA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Sherman, Brad [D-CA-32]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Sherrill, Mikie [D-NJ-11]
NJ • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Smith, Adam [D-WA-9]
WA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Stevens, Haley M. [D-MI-11]
MI • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Strickland, Marilyn [D-WA-10]
WA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Subramanyam, Suhas [D-VA-10]
VA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Swalwell, Eric [D-CA-14]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Takano, Mark [D-CA-39]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Thanedar, Shri [D-MI-13]
MI • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Thompson, Bennie G. [D-MS-2]
MS • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Thompson, Mike [D-CA-4]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Titus, Dina [D-NV-1]
NV • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Tlaib, Rashida [D-MI-12]
MI • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Tokuda, Jill N. [D-HI-2]
HI • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Tran, Derek [D-CA-45]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Underwood, Lauren [D-IL-14]
IL • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Vargas, Juan [D-CA-52]
CA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Veasey, Marc A. [D-TX-33]
TX • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Watson Coleman, Bonnie [D-NJ-12]
NJ • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Williams, Nikema [D-GA-5]
GA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Sykes, Emilia Strong [D-OH-13]
OH • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Bonamici, Suzanne [D-OR-1]
OR • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Johnson, Julie [D-TX-32]
TX • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. McBath, Lucy [D-GA-6]
GA • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. Ocasio-Cortez, Alexandria [D-NY-14]
NY • D
Sponsored 6/10/2025
Rep. McClain Delaney, April [D-MD-6]
MD • D
Sponsored 6/11/2025
Rep. DeGette, Diana [D-CO-1]
CO • D
Sponsored 6/11/2025
Rep. Wilson, Frederica S. [D-FL-24]
FL • D
Sponsored 6/11/2025
Rep. Scott, Robert C. "Bobby" [D-VA-3]
VA • D
Sponsored 6/17/2025
Rep. Case, Ed [D-HI-1]
HI • D
Sponsored 6/17/2025
Rep. Adams, Alma S. [D-NC-12]
NC • D
Sponsored 6/17/2025
Rep. Trahan, Lori [D-MA-3]
MA • D
Sponsored 6/23/2025
Rep. Norcross, Donald [D-NJ-1]
NJ • D
Sponsored 6/25/2025
Rep. Latimer, George [D-NY-16]
NY • D
Sponsored 7/16/2025
Rep. Himes, James A. [D-CT-4]
CT • D
Sponsored 9/2/2025
Rep. Larson, John B. [D-CT-1]
CT • D
Sponsored 9/2/2025
Rep. Rivas, Luz M. [D-CA-29]
CA • D
Sponsored 9/2/2025
Rep. Tonko, Paul [D-NY-20]
NY • D
Sponsored 9/15/2025
Rep. Morrison, Kelly [D-MN-3]
MN • D
Sponsored 9/26/2025
Rep. Mannion, John W. [D-NY-22]
NY • D
Sponsored 9/26/2025
Rep. Wasserman Schultz, Debbie [D-FL-25]
FL • D
Sponsored 9/26/2025
Rep. Neal, Richard E. [D-MA-1]
MA • D
Sponsored 12/16/2025
Rep. Chu, Judy [D-CA-28]
CA • D
Sponsored 2/17/2026
Rep. Figures, Shomari [D-AL-2]
AL • D
Sponsored 3/26/2026
Rep. Pettersen, Brittany [D-CO-7]
CO • D
Sponsored 4/9/2026
Rep. Walkinshaw, James R. [D-VA-11]
VA • D
Sponsored 4/14/2026
Rep. Menefee, Christian D. [D-TX-18]
TX • D
Sponsored 4/20/2026
Rep. Grijalva, Adelita S. [D-AZ-7]
AZ • D
Sponsored 6/30/2026
Rep. Kamlager-Dove, Sydney [D-CA-37]
CA • D
Sponsored 8/31/2026

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Back to Legislation

Enhanced Background Checks Act of 2025

Summary

How does this bill affect your finances?

Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

Medium Impact

Petition process and wait times for gun buyers

Sponsors & CoSponsors

Sponsor

Cosponsors

Roll Call Votes

Related Bills

Live Policy Activity

Not In My Barn Yard Act

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DOL Rewrites Disability Rules for 'Merit-Based Opportunity' Push

How These Connect

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Federal Communications Commission — Communications Regulation

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