Insurrection Act of 2025
Sponsored By: Representative Deluzio, Christopher R. [D-PA-17]
Introduced
Summary
Would create a limited, time‑bound federal authority to deploy the Armed Forces domestically when state or federal authorities are overwhelmed. It frames military deployment as a last resort and ties action to narrow triggers and strict procedures.
Show full summary
- State residents and officials: Military action would be allowed only when one or more narrow triggers exist, such as insurrection, widespread domestic violence, or specific obstruction of the law. Some triggers require a State chief executive request or a supermajority of a State legislature.
- Presidential and military operations: The President would be able to order active duty forces and reservists to suppress insurrection, quell domestic violence, or enforce laws, but forces must operate under the Standing Rules for the Use of Force and may not suspend habeas corpus. The President must issue a proclamation and provide contemporaneous written reports and certifications, including from the Attorney General, before acting.
- Congress and courts: Authority would terminate after 7 days unless Congress enacts a joint resolution to extend for 14 days, and further renewals would need additional congressional action or a material change in facts. Individuals and entities could seek expedited judicial review under a substantial‑evidence standard.
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Analyzed Economic Effects
4 provisions identified: 3 benefits, 0 costs, 1 mixed.
Short time limits and fast Congress checks
Before acting, the President would consult Congress, issue a proclamation to disperse, and send a report with required certifications. The authority would end after 7 days unless Congress approves or a new proclamation and report show a material change. If Congress approves, it could continue for 14 more days; more use would need another approval or new facts, and courts could pause it. Congress would get fast-track votes: committees have 3 days; the Senate gets 4 hours to proceed and 10 hours on the bill; the House gets 2 hours; no amendments. When the authority ends, powers stop, leftover reprogrammed money returns to its original purpose, and related contracts are terminated.
When federal troops could be used
This bill would spell out when the President could send federal troops into a state. It would require that state or local authorities are overwhelmed or refusing to act, or that people’s rights cannot be protected. It would cover insurrection, widespread domestic violence, or blocked state or federal laws, including any part of the Voting Rights Act. In those obstruction cases, the state would be treated as denying equal protection. These rules would take effect upon enactment.
Which military can be used, with limits
If the triggers are met, the President could order reserve forces to active duty and use the military at home. Any forces used would stay under the normal chain of command and follow the Standing Rules for the Use of Force. National Guard troops on certain training or other duty under state control could not be used to suppress unrest or enforce the law. Using the military would be a last resort, and nothing here would allow suspending habeas corpus or breaking federal law. These rules would take effect upon enactment.
Fast court review if troops deploy
People or groups hurt by, or fearing harm from, a domestic military deployment could sue in federal court. They could ask for a court order or a ruling on the law. Courts, including the Supreme Court, would handle these cases quickly. Appeals to the Supreme Court would be due within 30 days of the district court’s final decision. These rights would take effect upon enactment.
Sponsors & CoSponsors
Sponsor
Deluzio, Christopher R. [D-PA-17]
PA • D
Cosponsors
Rep. Jacobs, Sara [D-CA-51]
CA • D
Sponsored 7/14/2025
Rep. Hoyle, Val T. [D-OR-4]
OR • D
Sponsored 7/22/2025
Rep. Pettersen, Brittany [D-CO-7]
CO • D
Sponsored 7/22/2025
Rep. García, Jesús G. "Chuy" [D-IL-4]
IL • D
Sponsored 8/1/2025
Rep. Salinas, Andrea [D-OR-6]
OR • D
Sponsored 8/1/2025
Rep. Min, Dave [D-CA-47]
CA • D
Sponsored 9/2/2025
Rep. Thanedar, Shri [D-MI-13]
MI • D
Sponsored 9/2/2025
Rep. Houlahan, Chrissy [D-PA-6]
PA • D
Sponsored 10/8/2025
Del. Norton, Eleanor Holmes [D-DC-At Large]
DC • D
Sponsored 10/8/2025
Rep. Doggett, Lloyd [D-TX-37]
TX • D
Sponsored 10/8/2025
Rep. Lieu, Ted [D-CA-36]
CA • D
Sponsored 10/10/2025
Rep. Jackson, Jonathan L. [D-IL-1]
IL • D
Sponsored 10/10/2025
Rep. Johnson, Henry C. "Hank" [D-GA-4]
GA • D
Sponsored 10/10/2025
Rep. Bonamici, Suzanne [D-OR-1]
OR • D
Sponsored 10/10/2025
Rep. Kennedy, Timothy M. [D-NY-26]
NY • D
Sponsored 10/14/2025
Rep. Carson, André [D-IN-7]
IN • D
Sponsored 10/17/2025
Rep. Latimer, George [D-NY-16]
NY • D
Sponsored 10/17/2025
Rep. Schakowsky, Janice D. [D-IL-9]
IL • D
Sponsored 10/17/2025
Rep. Dexter, Maxine [D-OR-3]
OR • D
Sponsored 10/17/2025
Rep. Goldman, Daniel S. [D-NY-10]
NY • D
Sponsored 10/17/2025
Rep. Goodlander, Maggie [D-NH-2]
NH • D
Sponsored 10/21/2025
Rep. Ryan, Patrick [D-NY-18]
NY • D
Sponsored 10/21/2025
Rep. Veasey, Marc A. [D-TX-33]
TX • D
Sponsored 10/21/2025
Rep. Cohen, Steve [D-TN-9]
TN • D
Sponsored 10/24/2025
Rep. Garcia, Sylvia R. [D-TX-29]
TX • D
Sponsored 10/24/2025
Rep. Thompson, Mike [D-CA-4]
CA • D
Sponsored 10/28/2025
Rep. Adams, Alma S. [D-NC-12]
NC • D
Sponsored 10/31/2025
Rep. Hayes, Jahana [D-CT-5]
CT • D
Sponsored 11/4/2025
Rep. Garamendi, John [D-CA-8]
CA • D
Sponsored 11/4/2025
Rep. Frankel, Lois [D-FL-22]
FL • D
Sponsored 11/7/2025
Rep. Lee, Summer L. [D-PA-12]
PA • D
Sponsored 11/7/2025
Rep. Casar, Greg [D-TX-35]
TX • D
Sponsored 11/17/2025
Rep. Jayapal, Pramila [D-WA-7]
WA • D
Sponsored 11/18/2025
Rep. Huffman, Jared [D-CA-2]
CA • D
Sponsored 12/11/2025
Rep. Neguse, Joe [D-CO-2]
CO • D
Sponsored 1/20/2026
Rep. Escobar, Veronica [D-TX-16]
TX • D
Sponsored 1/21/2026
Rep. Casten, Sean [D-IL-6]
IL • D
Sponsored 1/27/2026
Rep. Ross, Deborah K. [D-NC-2]
NC • D
Sponsored 1/27/2026
Rep. Ansari, Yassamin [D-AZ-3]
AZ • D
Sponsored 1/27/2026
Rep. Olszewski, Johnny [D-MD-2]
MD • D
Sponsored 1/27/2026
Rep. Balint, Becca [D-VT-At Large]
VT • D
Sponsored 1/30/2026
Rep. DeGette, Diana [D-CO-1]
CO • D
Sponsored 1/30/2026
Rep. Fletcher, Lizzie [D-TX-7]
TX • D
Sponsored 2/20/2026
Roll Call Votes
No roll call votes available for this bill.
View on Congress.gov