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119-hr-4081119th Congress
Foreign Adversary Federal Offense Act of 2025
Sponsored By: Representative Harrigan, Pat [R-NC-10]
Introduced
Summary
This bill would impose enhanced criminal penalties for economic and defense espionage carried out to advance the interests of designated "covered nations". It raises prison minimums and increases fines for people and organizations that steal trade secrets or transmit defense information for those foreign adversaries.
Show full summary
- Individuals who steal trade secrets for a covered nation would face at least 10 years in prison and up to 20 years if the theft causes "severe harm" to economic or national security. Courts could also make offenders ineligible for supervised release.
- Companies found to have committed economic espionage for a covered nation could be fined the greater of $20 million or five times the value of the stolen trade secret, including saved research and reproduction costs.
- People who transmit or lose defense-related information to advance a covered nation would face a new mandatory minimum of 15 years and could be punished up to life in prison.
The bill uses the term "covered nation" as defined in section 4872 of title 10.
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
1 provisions identified: 1 benefits, 0 costs, 0 mixed.
Tougher penalties for spying for foreign adversaries
If enacted, this bill would raise criminal penalties for spying to help certain foreign adversary nations. Individuals who steal trade secrets to help a covered nation could be fined up to $5,000,000 and jailed 10 to 15 years, with no supervised release. If the leak causes severe harm to critical infrastructure, prison could be 10 to 20 years. Companies could be fined the greater of $20,000,000 or five times the value of the stolen secret. For defense secrets, anyone acting to help a covered nation could face at least 15 years in prison and up to life, plus fines.
Sponsors & CoSponsors
Sponsor
Harrigan, Pat [R-NC-10]
NC • R
Cosponsors
Rep. Knott, Brad [R-NC-13]
NC • R
Sponsored 6/23/2025
Rep. Baird, James R. [R-IN-4]
IN • R
Sponsored 6/23/2025
Rep. McDowell, Addison P. [R-NC-6]
NC • R
Sponsored 6/24/2025
Rep. Rulli, Michael A. [R-OH-6]
OH • R
Sponsored 6/24/2025
Rep. Schmidt, Derek [R-KS-2]
KS • R
Sponsored 6/24/2025
Rep. Self, Keith [R-TX-3]
TX • R
Sponsored 6/26/2025
Rep. Harris, Mark [R-NC-8]
NC • R
Sponsored 10/24/2025
Rep. Davis, Donald G. [D-NC-1]
NC • D
Sponsored 5/19/2026
Roll Call Votes
No roll call votes available for this bill.
View on Congress.gov