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119-hr-6129119th CongressWALLET

Bidirectional Electric Vehicle Charging Act of 2025

Sponsored By: Representative Brownley, Julia [D-CA-26]

Introduced

Summary

Standardize bidirectional charging across new electric vehicles. This bill would require a Department of Energy roadmap and federal rules to make new light-duty vehicles and school buses bidirectionally capable, and to coordinate deployment and disaster planning.

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  • Manufacturers and public fleets would face new technical standards issued within 2 years and must build bidirectional capability into all new light-duty vehicles and school buses beginning model year 2029, unless the Secretary grants exemptions. Noncompliance can trigger civil penalties up to $21,000 per vehicle and a related-series cap of $105.0 million, though the Secretary may reduce penalties based on factors like gravity, number of vehicles, and business size.
  • The Energy Secretary would publish a National Electric Vehicle Bidirectional Charging Roadmap within 12 months and post it publicly, outlining timelines, barriers, recommended congressional actions, and cost estimates for slow, moderate, and fast deployment scenarios.
  • FEMA would be required to update hazard mitigation plan rules so state and local plans submitted under the Stafford Act incorporate bidirectional charging capabilities.

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

3 provisions identified: 1 benefits, 1 costs, 1 mixed.

Big fines for breaking EV charging rules

If enacted, breaking these EV charging rules could cost up to $21,000 per violation. Each vehicle or missed required action would count as a separate violation. Related violations could be capped at $105,000,000. The Energy Department could reduce fines and would weigh factors like the severity, mitigation steps, business size, and past penalties.

Bidirectional charging on new EVs by 2029

If enacted, the Energy Department would set technical standards for EV bidirectional charging within 2 years. All new EVs, including light-duty cars and school buses, made for model year 2029 and later would need to support power both ways. The Secretary could exempt some vehicles. The bill also defines “bidirectional charging” and “electric vehicle” for these rules.

EV power sharing plan and disaster rules

If enacted, the Energy Department would have to publish a national roadmap for EV power sharing within 12 months. It would list timelines, obstacles, actions for Congress, and costs for slow, moderate, and fast rollouts. The roadmap would be public and sent to the House Energy and Commerce Committee. FEMA would also issue rules so state and local hazard plans include EV power sharing for disasters.

Sponsors & CoSponsors

Sponsor

Brownley, Julia [D-CA-26]

CA • D

Cosponsors

There are no cosponsors for this bill.

Roll Call Votes

No roll call votes available for this bill.

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