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119-hr-8283119th CongressWALLET

Deterring American AI Model Theft Act of 2026

Sponsored By: Representative Huizenga, Bill [R-MI-4]

In Committee

Summary

This bill would create a federal framework to identify, deter, and punish model extraction attacks against U.S. closed-source AI models and to sanction foreign networks that steal access or run fraudulent accounts to enable those attacks. It also sets deadlines for agency reports and public guidance.

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  • Model owners: Companies that hold proprietary, closed-source models would get best-practice guidance and a voluntary information-sharing mechanism to detect and respond to theft. Guidance and a public playbook are due within 210 days and the government will update assessments annually for 3 years.
  • Foreign attackers and facilitators: The Secretary of State must identify entities of concern within 180 days. The Commerce Department can move identified actors onto the Entity List and the President may block transactions under emergency economic powers when U.S. property or interests are involved.
  • Researchers and humanitarian users: The bill clarifies that model training that follows owner terms is not an extraction attack and preserves exceptions for freedom of expression and certain humanitarian, agricultural, and medical transactions.

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

3 provisions identified: 2 benefits, 0 costs, 1 mixed.

Federal assessments and public attackers list

This bill would require the Secretary of State to finish an assessment within 180 days to identify entities, countries, and methods behind model extraction attacks. The Commerce Secretary would consult model owners and experts and submit an unclassified report to Congress within 210 days, with a possible classified annex and annual updates for three years. The State Department would keep a public "AI Model Extraction Attackers List" of identified actors for up to five years. The bill would also define key terms like "closed-source AI model," "model extraction attack," and list countries of concern to include China (including Hong Kong and Macau) and Russia.

Export controls and sanctions on attackers

This bill would require the Commerce End-User Review Committee to vote within 210 days on adding identified entities and their affiliates (50% or more ownership) to the Commerce Department's Entity List. It would also authorize the President, under IEEPA, to block transactions and property of identified entities when U.S. property or U.S. persons are involved. The blocking authority would include exceptions for humanitarian goods and authorized U.S. intelligence or law enforcement activities, and violations would carry IEEPA penalties.

Voluntary sharing and defense guidance

This bill would require Commerce to set up a voluntary, confidential way for closed-source model owners to quickly share details about model extraction attacks and fraudulent account providers. Commerce would also publish public best-practice guidance within 210 days on how to detect, prevent, and respond to extraction attacks. The public guidance could not include confidential owner information without the owner's written permission.

Sponsors & CoSponsors

Sponsor

Huizenga, Bill [R-MI-4]

MI • R

Cosponsors

  • Rep. Moolenaar, John R. [R-MI-2]

    MI • R

    Sponsored 4/15/2026

  • Rep. Lawler, Michael [R-NY-17]

    NY • R

    Sponsored 4/20/2026

  • Rep. Crawford, Eric A. "Rick" [R-AR-1]

    AR • R

    Sponsored 4/21/2026

  • Rep. Kamlager-Dove, Sydney [D-CA-37]

    CA • D

    Sponsored 4/29/2026

  • Rep. LaHood, Darin [R-IL-16]

    IL • R

    Sponsored 4/29/2026

  • Rep. Cline, Ben [R-VA-6]

    VA • R

    Sponsored 4/29/2026

  • Rep. Harrigan, Pat [R-NC-10]

    NC • R

    Sponsored 4/29/2026

  • Rep. McCaul, Michael T. [R-TX-10]

    TX • R

    Sponsored 5/11/2026

  • Rep. Moore, Barry [R-AL-1]

    AL • R

    Sponsored 5/11/2026

  • Rep. Salazar, Maria Elvira [R-FL-27]

    FL • R

    Sponsored 5/12/2026

  • Rep. James, John [R-MI-10]

    MI • R

    Sponsored 5/12/2026

  • Rep. Miller, Max L. [R-OH-7]

    OH • R

    Sponsored 5/19/2026

  • Rep. Mackenzie, Ryan [R-PA-7]

    PA • R

    Sponsored 6/2/2026

  • Rep. Gottheimer, Josh [D-NJ-5]

    NJ • D

    Sponsored 6/3/2026

  • Rep. Begich, Nicholas J. [R-AK-At Large]

    AK • R

    Sponsored 6/8/2026

  • Rep. Moran, Nathaniel [R-TX-1]

    TX • R

    Sponsored 6/8/2026

  • Rep. Fleischmann, Charles J. "Chuck" [R-TN-3]

    TN • R

    Sponsored 7/27/2026

  • Rep. Kiggans, Jennifer A. [R-VA-2]

    VA • R

    Sponsored 7/27/2026

  • Rep. Fitzpatrick, Brian K. [R-PA-1]

    PA • R

    Sponsored 8/3/2026

  • Rep. Biggs, Sheri [R-SC-3]

    SC • R

    Sponsored 8/3/2026

  • Rep. Van Orden, Derrick [R-WI-3]

    WI • R

    Sponsored 9/2/2026

Roll Call Votes

No roll call votes available for this bill.

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