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119-s-1275119th CongressWALLET

Impact Aid Infrastructure Partnership Act

Sponsored By: Senator Hirono, Mazie K. [D-HI]

Introduced

Summary

Directs new federal grants to modernize and repair school buildings in federally impacted local education agencies (LEAs). It would set up a two-track program of competitive and formula grants and prioritize districts with low property tax bases or limited bonding capacity.

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  • Students and families: Safer, more accessible, and tech-ready classrooms through construction, renovation, and repairs that address health, safety, capacity, and connectivity gaps.
  • Local districts: Grants split 75% competitive and 25% formula, with formula rules that adjust weighted student units to favor certain federally impacted student populations.
  • Local financing: Districts with no bonding capacity may receive full federal funding; other districts would pay a non-Federal share ranging from 10% to 25% based on learning-opportunity thresholds.

*This bill would authorize $250 million per year for four years, totaling $1.0 billion, increasing federal spending over that period.*

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

4 provisions identified: 3 benefits, 0 costs, 1 mixed.

Formula count changes for Impact Aid

This bill would change how some students are counted for formula Impact Aid grants. Certain districts that meet a Department of Defense rule but not a current education rule would get to use the prior year's weighted student units. Also, districts would count prior‑year children in a specific federally connected category if those children made up at least 20% of enrollment. These changes could raise formula payments for some federally impacted districts.

New $250M yearly school fund

This bill would create a new federal grant program that gets $250 million a year for four years (about $1 billion total). Each year 75% of money would go to competitive grants and 25% to formula grants. The Education Secretary could keep up to 0.5% each year for oversight. Grant awards could only be made during a four-year window but funds would remain available until spent. If districts do not spend their grant money by the Secretary's deadline, the money would be redirected to regular Impact Aid formula payments.

Who gets priority school grants

This bill would require the Education Department to make a yearly list of eligible districts and rank them by building needs. Emergency health and safety problems would get top priority. After that, districts with little or no bonding capacity or very small property tax bases would be favored, then those under larger thresholds. The law would use the existing federal definition of a local educational agency to decide who may apply.

Local cost share and payment rules

This bill would change how grants are paid and how much local districts must pay. Districts with emergency needs and no bond capacity would get full payment in the grant year. Any grant of $5,000,000 or less would also be paid in full that year. Larger grants would be paid after plans are approved and a construction contract is signed, and may be paid in installments. Most districts would still need to pay part of project costs: 10% if their learning opportunity score is 80% or higher, 20% if 50–79%, and 25% if under 50%. In‑kind work may count toward the local share.

Sponsors & CoSponsors

Sponsor

Hirono, Mazie K. [D-HI]

HI • D

Cosponsors

  • Sen. Blumenthal, Richard [D-CT]

    CT • D

    Sponsored 4/3/2025

  • Sen. Durbin, Richard J. [D-IL]

    IL • D

    Sponsored 4/3/2025

  • Sen. Gallego, Ruben [D-AZ]

    AZ • D

    Sponsored 4/3/2025

  • Sen. Heinrich, Martin [D-NM]

    NM • D

    Sponsored 4/3/2025

  • Sen. Klobuchar, Amy [D-MN]

    MN • D

    Sponsored 4/3/2025

  • Sen. Padilla, Alex [D-CA]

    CA • D

    Sponsored 4/3/2025

  • Sen. Schatz, Brian [D-HI]

    HI • D

    Sponsored 4/3/2025

  • Sen. Smith, Tina [D-MN]

    MN • D

    Sponsored 4/3/2025

  • Sen. Gillibrand, Kirsten E. [D-NY]

    NY • D

    Sponsored 4/3/2025

  • Sen. Kelly, Mark [D-AZ]

    AZ • D

    Sponsored 4/3/2025

  • Sen. Luján, Ben Ray [D-NM]

    NM • D

    Sponsored 4/30/2025

Roll Call Votes

No roll call votes available for this bill.

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