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119-s-304119th Congress

Birthright Citizenship Act of 2025

Sponsored By: Senator Graham, Lindsey [R-SC]

Introduced

Summary

Limits birthright citizenship. The bill would redefine when a U.S. birth counts for citizenship so a child has birthright citizenship only if at least one parent is a U.S. citizen or national, a lawful permanent resident residing in the United States, or a non‑U.S. national in lawful status performing active service in the armed forces.

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  • Families: Children born in the U.S. to parents who do not meet those three categories would not automatically be U.S. citizens at birth.
  • Lawful residents and citizens: Children born to U.S. citizens, U.S. nationals, or lawful permanent residents who live in the U.S. would still acquire citizenship at birth.
  • Timing and status: The bill explicitly preserves the citizenship or nationality of anyone born before the law takes effect.

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

2 provisions identified: 1 benefits, 1 costs, 0 mixed.

Limits birthright citizenship to parents

If enacted, a child born in the United States would be a citizen at birth only if one parent meets a listed condition. The parent must be a U.S. citizen or national; or a lawful permanent resident who lives in the United States; or an alien in lawful status serving active duty in the U.S. armed forces. This change would take effect upon enactment for births on or after that date. It would not change other immigration or naturalization pathways.

Protects citizenship for births before enactment

If enacted, the bill would not change the citizenship or nationality of anyone born before the law takes effect. People born before enactment would keep the citizenship or nationality they already had.

Sponsors & CoSponsors

Sponsor

Graham, Lindsey [R-SC]

SC • R

Cosponsors

  • Sen. Cruz, Ted [R-TX]

    TX • R

    Sponsored 1/29/2025

  • Sen. Britt, Katie Boyd [R-AL]

    AL • R

    Sponsored 1/29/2025

  • Sen. Lee, Mike [R-UT]

    UT • R

    Sponsored 5/6/2025

  • Sen. Blackburn, Marsha [R-TN]

    TN • R

    Sponsored 5/6/2025

  • Sen. Budd, Ted [R-NC]

    NC • R

    Sponsored 5/12/2025

  • Sen. Moreno, Bernie [R-OH]

    OH • R

    Sponsored 5/19/2025

  • Sen. Banks, Jim [R-IN]

    IN • R

    Sponsored 9/2/2025

  • Sen. Sheehy, Tim [R-MT]

    MT • R

    Sponsored 12/16/2025

  • Sen. Ricketts, Pete [R-NE]

    NE • R

    Sponsored 7/14/2026

  • Sen. Graham, Darline [R-SC]

    SC • R

    Sponsored 7/23/2026

  • Sen. Tuberville, Tommy [R-AL]

    AL • R

    Sponsored 8/6/2026

Roll Call Votes

No roll call votes available for this bill.

View on Congress.gov
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