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119-s-4429119th CongressWALLET

Connected Vehicle Security Act of 2026

Sponsored By: Senator Moreno, Bernie [R-OH]

In Committee

Summary

Blocks imports and sales of connected vehicles, certain covered software, and vehicle connectivity hardware tied to defined "covered countries" or "foreign entities of concern" to limit risks of remote manipulation and data exfiltration from foreign-adversary sources. The law creates a permissions and trusted-supplier system so some items can be authorized when detailed risk assessments show acceptable risk.

Show full summary
  • Manufacturers and suppliers: Bans apply to connected vehicles starting January 1, 2027, covered software for model year 2027 and later, and connectivity hardware integration starting January 1, 2030. The Secretary of Commerce can issue narrow authorizations and keep lists of approved items.
  • Consumers, dealers, and repair shops: There are carve-outs for pre-2030 model-year hardware and limited repair or warranty imports. Individuals who unknowingly transport a prohibited vehicle for personal use are exempt from penalties.
  • Regulators and enforcement: Civil penalties start at the greater of $1.5 million or five times the transaction value per violation and each day is a separate violation. The Secretary must run advisory-opinion and declaration-of-conformity programs and report annually to Congress on enforcement and supply-chain risks.

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

5 provisions identified: 1 benefits, 2 costs, 2 mixed.

Large penalties and enforcement rules

If enacted, each prohibited transaction could bring a civil penalty of at least the greater of $1,500,000 or five times the transaction value. Each day a violation continues would be a separate violation. The Secretary must set a one‑year safe‑harbor where penalties pause if a violator promptly discloses, cooperates, cures the violation within a year, and did not engage in disqualifying conduct. The bill would also limit some usual administrative‑procedure rules and allow the Secretary to use classified evidence in court.

Supply-chain reports and agency coordination

If enacted, the Secretary must report to Congress within 18 months on U.S. automotive supply‑chain risks and how to reduce dependence on covered countries. The Secretary must also report annually on enforcement actions, exemptions, and compliance, starting within one year. The Transportation Secretary must report within one year on how to tell car buyers when an original air bag has been replaced and might be defective. The Commerce Secretary may consult DOT and other agencies to align rules and avoid conflicts.

New bans on connected vehicles

If enacted, the bill would ban importing, making, selling, or moving certain "connected vehicles," covered software, and connectivity hardware into U.S. commerce when they are tied to covered countries or a "foreign entity of concern." A "connected vehicle" would be one used on public roads with GVWR 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) or less that can communicate wirelessly above 450 MHz. The bill would label firms as "foreign entities of concern" if covered‑country persons or governments own or control them above set thresholds (more than 15% for vehicle makers; more than 25% for software or hardware suppliers). The bill would also set dealer and reseller rules based on selling at least 5 vehicles in the prior 12 months.

Authorizations and advisory rulings for suppliers

If enacted, the bill would require the Commerce Secretary to set up advisory opinions, authorizations, and a declaration‑of‑conformity process by January 1, 2027. Proper applications for advisory opinions would be answered within 45 days. Importers, makers, sellers, and resellers would need a declaration that an item is not prohibited before moving it into U.S. commerce. The Secretary would publish lists of authorizations and trusted suppliers, while protecting confidential business information.

Phase-in dates and model exceptions

If enacted, the bill would delay some prohibitions for existing vehicles and parts based on model year. Connected vehicles made before model year 2030 could be exempt in some cases if sold or used by long‑established sellers or fleets, and those firms must file annual confidential compliance reports until in compliance. Covered software in vehicles before model year 2029 and certain hardware in vehicles before model year 2032 would not be barred if not already covered by the listed existing rules. For heavy vehicles over 4,536 kg, final rules must be issued by December 31, 2028, and take effect by December 31, 2032.

Sponsors & CoSponsors

Sponsor

Moreno, Bernie [R-OH]

OH • R

Cosponsors

  • Sen. Murphy, Christopher [D-CT]

    CT • D

    Sponsored 9/28/2026

  • Sen. Wicker, Roger F. [R-MS]

    MS • R

    Sponsored 9/30/2026

  • Sen. Lee, Mike [R-UT]

    UT • R

    Sponsored 9/30/2026

  • Sen. Slotkin, Elissa [D-MI]

    MI • D

    Sponsored 4/29/2026

  • Sen. Cotton, Tom [R-AR]

    AR • R

    Sponsored 5/14/2026

  • Sen. Schmitt, Eric [R-MO]

    MO • R

    Sponsored 5/14/2026

  • Sen. Tuberville, Tommy [R-AL]

    AL • R

    Sponsored 5/14/2026

  • Sen. Ricketts, Pete [R-NE]

    NE • R

    Sponsored 5/19/2026

  • Sen. Hawley, Josh [R-MO]

    MO • R

    Sponsored 5/21/2026

  • Sen. Capito, Shelley Moore [R-WV]

    WV • R

    Sponsored 5/21/2026

  • Sen. Fischer, Deb [R-NE]

    NE • R

    Sponsored 6/9/2026

  • Sen. Baldwin, Tammy [D-WI]

    WI • D

    Sponsored 6/9/2026

  • Sen. Lummis, Cynthia M. [R-WY]

    WY • R

    Sponsored 6/9/2026

  • Sen. Cramer, Kevin [R-ND]

    ND • R

    Sponsored 6/9/2026

  • Sen. Budd, Ted [R-NC]

    NC • R

    Sponsored 6/9/2026

  • Sen. Curtis, John R. [R-UT]

    UT • R

    Sponsored 6/9/2026

  • Sen. Sheehy, Tim [R-MT]

    MT • R

    Sponsored 6/11/2026

  • Sen. Sullivan, Dan [R-AK]

    AK • R

    Sponsored 6/11/2026

  • Sen. Blackburn, Marsha [R-TN]

    TN • R

    Sponsored 6/16/2026

  • Sen. Banks, Jim [R-IN]

    IN • R

    Sponsored 6/17/2026

  • Sen. Moran, Jerry [R-KS]

    KS • R

    Sponsored 6/17/2026

  • Sen. Justice, James C. [R-WV]

    WV • R

    Sponsored 6/23/2026

  • Sen. Collins, Susan M. [R-ME]

    ME • R

    Sponsored 6/24/2026

  • Sen. Schumer, Charles E. [D-NY]

    NY • D

    Sponsored 7/13/2026

  • Sen. McCormick, David [R-PA]

    PA • R

    Sponsored 7/13/2026

  • Sen. Ernst, Joni [R-IA]

    IA • R

    Sponsored 7/13/2026

  • Sen. Cornyn, John [R-TX]

    TX • R

    Sponsored 7/14/2026

  • Sen. Moody, Ashley [R-FL]

    FL • R

    Sponsored 7/14/2026

  • Sen. Husted, Jon [R-OH]

    OH • R

    Sponsored 7/14/2026

  • Sen. Scott, Rick [R-FL]

    FL • R

    Sponsored 7/14/2026

  • Sen. Gallego, Ruben [D-AZ]

    AZ • D

    Sponsored 7/15/2026

  • Sen. Marshall, Roger [R-KS]

    KS • R

    Sponsored 7/15/2026

  • Sen. Shaheen, Jeanne [D-NH]

    NH • D

    Sponsored 7/20/2026

  • Sen. Hickenlooper, John W. [D-CO]

    CO • D

    Sponsored 7/21/2026

  • Sen. Peters, Gary C. [D-MI]

    MI • D

    Sponsored 7/23/2026

  • Sen. Kelly, Mark [D-AZ]

    AZ • D

    Sponsored 7/28/2026

  • Sen. Hyde-Smith, Cindy [R-MS]

    MS • R

    Sponsored 7/28/2026

  • Sen. Padilla, Alex [D-CA]

    CA • D

    Sponsored 7/28/2026

  • Sen. Rosen, Jacky [D-NV]

    NV • D

    Sponsored 7/29/2026

  • Sen. Barrasso, John [R-WY]

    WY • R

    Sponsored 7/29/2026

  • Sen. Hassan, Margaret Wood [D-NH]

    NH • D

    Sponsored 8/3/2026

  • Sen. Heinrich, Martin [D-NM]

    NM • D

    Sponsored 8/4/2026

  • Sen. Armstrong, Alan [R-OK]

    OK • R

    Sponsored 8/4/2026

  • Sen. Merkley, Jeff [D-OR]

    OR • D

    Sponsored 9/14/2026

  • Sen. Coons, Christopher A. [D-DE]

    DE • D

    Sponsored 9/14/2026

  • Sen. Blumenthal, Richard [D-CT]

    CT • D

    Sponsored 9/14/2026

  • Sen. Schiff, Adam B. [D-CA]

    CA • D

    Sponsored 9/16/2026

  • Sen. Warren, Elizabeth [D-MA]

    MA • D

    Sponsored 9/16/2026

  • Sen. Klobuchar, Amy [D-MN]

    MN • D

    Sponsored 9/17/2026

  • Sen. Boozman, John [R-AR]

    AR • R

    Sponsored 9/22/2026

  • Sen. Lankford, James [R-OK]

    OK • R

    Sponsored 9/22/2026

  • Sen. Cortez Masto, Catherine [D-NV]

    NV • D

    Sponsored 9/22/2026

  • Sen. Smith, Tina [D-MN]

    MN • D

    Sponsored 9/22/2026

  • Sen. Daines, Steve [R-MT]

    MT • R

    Sponsored 9/22/2026

  • Sen. Rounds, Mike [R-SD]

    SD • R

    Sponsored 9/23/2026

  • Sen. Hoeven, John [R-ND]

    ND • R

    Sponsored 9/23/2026

  • Sen. Young, Todd [R-IN]

    IN • R

    Sponsored 9/23/2026

Roll Call Votes

No roll call votes available for this bill.

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