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119-sjres-212119th Congress

A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to ensure that only citizens are eligible to vote in Federal elections.

Sponsored By: Senator Schmitt, Eric [R-MO]

Introduced

Summary

Limits federal voting to U.S. citizens. This constitutional amendment would make only United States citizens eligible to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President, for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress. It assigns enforcement mainly to state legislatures while preserving Congress' power to make or change enforcement rules, and it explicitly lets Congress set rules for the District constituting the seat of Government of the United States.

Show full summary
  • Non-citizen residents: Non-citizens would be barred from voting in federal elections, including presidential and congressional contests and related primaries.
  • State legislatures: States would be responsible for prescribing laws to enforce the citizenship requirement in their jurisdictions, subject to Congress' authority to make or alter those regulations.
  • Implementation and federal district: The amendment uses the broad phrase "citizens of the United States" without defining verification methods or transition rules and leaves those implementation details to future state or federal laws. Congress would have explicit enforcement power for the District of Columbia.

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

1 provisions identified: 0 benefits, 1 costs, 0 mixed.

Federal voting limited to citizens

If ratified, this amendment would limit who may vote in federal elections to United States citizens. Only citizens would be allowed to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President, in elections for electors, and in elections for U.S. Senators and Representatives. Each state legislature would be required to pass laws to enforce the rule, and Congress could make or change enforcement rules and enforce the rule for Washington, D.C. The amendment would not define citizenship or include transition, verification, or funding details.

Sponsors & CoSponsors

Sponsor

Schmitt, Eric [R-MO]

MO • R

Cosponsors

  • Sen. Moody, Ashley [R-FL]

    FL • R

    Sponsored 9/28/2026

  • Sen. Marshall, Roger [R-KS]

    KS • R

    Sponsored 9/30/2026

Roll Call Votes

No roll call votes available for this bill.

View on Congress.gov
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