Supreme Court Tenure Establishment and Retirement Modernization Act of 2025
Sponsored By: Representative Johnson (GA)
Introduced
Summary
An 18-year fixed term for Supreme Court justices. The bill would replace lifetime tenure with a structured system that sets an 18‑year active service term, creates a regular nomination cadence, sets deadlines for Senate action, and adds a temporary randomized backup to keep the Court at full strength.
Your PRIA Score
Personalized for You
How does this bill affect your finances?
Sign up for a PRIA Policy Scan to see your personalized alignment score for this bill and every other piece of legislation we track. We analyze your financial profile against policy provisions to show you exactly what matters to your wallet.
Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
2 provisions identified: 0 benefits, 0 costs, 2 mixed.
18-year Supreme Court terms and timing
If enacted, this would set a fixed 18-year active term for each Supreme Court justice, starting when sworn in. One person could serve only one 18-year term. The President would nominate one justice in the first and third years after a presidential election year. The Senate would need to act within 90 days on a nomination, and within 120 days on a follow-up if the first is withdrawn or rejected. The President would be limited to this set schedule for appointments.
Phased retirements and backup justices
If enacted, current justices would be treated as retired from active service in order as new justices are commissioned, starting with the longest-serving. This would continue each time a new justice takes office under the new schedule. If the Court drops below the full number due to a vacancy, disability, or disqualification, the Chief Justice would select a retired justice by a public, random process to serve temporarily. The temporary justice would serve until the Court returns to the full number set by law.
Sponsors & CoSponsors
Sponsor
Johnson (GA)
GA • D
Cosponsors
Rep. Raskin, Jamie [D-MD-8]
MD • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Auchincloss
MA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Balint, Becca [D-VT-At Large]
VT • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Barragan
CA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Carson
IN • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Casar, Greg [D-TX-35]
TX • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Chu, Judy [D-CA-28]
CA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Clarke, Yvette D. [D-NY-9]
NY • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Cleaver, Emanuel [D-MO-5]
MO • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Crockett
TX • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Davis (IL)
IL • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Dean, Madeleine [D-PA-4]
PA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. DeLauro, Rosa L. [D-CT-3]
CT • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
DelBene
WA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Deluzio, Christopher R. [D-PA-17]
PA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Evans, Dwight [D-PA-3]
PA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Foushee, Valerie P. [D-NC-4]
NC • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Frost, Maxwell [D-FL-10]
FL • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. García, Jesús G. "Chuy" [D-IL-4]
IL • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Goldman, Daniel S. [D-NY-10]
NY • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Himes
CT • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Huffman, Jared [D-CA-2]
CA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Jayapal, Pramila [D-WA-7]
WA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Khanna
CA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Krishnamoorthi, Raja [D-IL-8]
IL • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Landsman, Greg [D-OH-1]
OH • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Lee, Summer L. [D-PA-12]
PA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Levin
CA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Lieu, Ted [D-CA-36]
CA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Mfume
MD • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Mullin
CA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Nadler, Jerrold [D-NY-12]
NY • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Del. Norton, Eleanor Holmes [D-DC-At Large]
DC • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Ocasio-Cortez
NY • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Omar, Ilhan [D-MN-5]
MN • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Pingree
ME • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Pressley, Ayanna [D-MA-7]
MA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Ramirez, Delia C. [D-IL-3]
IL • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Ryan, Patrick [D-NY-18]
NY • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Salinas, Andrea [D-OR-6]
OR • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Scanlon, Mary Gay [D-PA-5]
PA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Schakowsky
IL • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Smith (WA)
WA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Stansbury
NM • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Takano, Mark [D-CA-39]
CA • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Thanedar, Shri [D-MI-13]
MI • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Tlaib, Rashida [D-MI-12]
MI • D
Sponsored 5/21/2025
Rep. Sorensen, Eric [D-IL-17]
IL • D
Sponsored 7/25/2025
Friedman
CA • D
Sponsored 7/25/2025
Rep. DeSaulnier, Mark [D-CA-10]
CA • D
Sponsored 9/30/2025
Rep. Dexter, Maxine [D-OR-3]
OR • D
Sponsored 9/30/2025
Rep. Leger Fernandez, Teresa [D-NM-3]
NM • D
Sponsored 9/30/2025
Rep. Morelle, Joseph D. [D-NY-25]
NY • D
Sponsored 12/9/2025
Rep. Dingell, Debbie [D-MI-6]
MI • D
Sponsored 12/9/2025
Rep. Min, Dave [D-CA-47]
CA • D
Sponsored 1/22/2026
Espaillat
NY • D
Sponsored 2/20/2026
Rep. Kamlager-Dove, Sydney [D-CA-37]
CA • D
Sponsored 2/25/2026
Rep. Vargas, Juan [D-CA-52]
CA • D
Sponsored 4/9/2026
Rep. Gottheimer, Josh [D-NJ-5]
NJ • D
Sponsored 4/9/2026
Cohen
TN • D
Sponsored 4/23/2026
Gomez
CA • D
Sponsored 4/23/2026
Craig
MN • D
Sponsored 4/23/2026
Mejia
NJ • D
Sponsored 4/27/2026
Rep. Tonko, Paul [D-NY-20]
NY • D
Sponsored 4/28/2026
McBride
DE • D
Sponsored 4/28/2026
McGovern
MA • D
Sponsored 5/13/2026
Rep. Meng, Grace [D-NY-6]
NY • D
Sponsored 5/13/2026
Rep. Castor, Kathy [D-FL-14]
FL • D
Sponsored 5/13/2026
Rep. Torres, Ritchie [D-NY-15]
NY • D
Sponsored 5/13/2026
Roll Call Votes
No roll call votes available for this bill.
View on Congress.gov