HR484119th CongressWALLET

Food Deserts Act

Sponsored By: Representative Carson

In Committee

Summary

Creates capitalization grants to set up state-run revolving loan funds that finance grocery stores in underserved communities. The program channels federal money into state funds that lend for store openings or operations and pushes stores to sell healthful foods and hire locally.

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  • Residents and families in qualifying areas could gain more access to fresh fruits, vegetables and staple foods, plus programs that teach about healthful diets and prioritize local hiring and sourcing.
  • Small grocers and nonprofits can get loans only if they match at least 20% from nonfederal sources and meet grocery-operator criteria; loans must be at or below market rates, may be interest-free for up to 30 years, start repayment within one year, and must be fully amortized by the end of the term.
  • States receive grants distributed by a formula tied to the underserved population share to capitalize revolving funds that a state instrumentality will run; states may charge up to a 4% administrative fee and cannot make a single loan that exceeds 10% of that year’s available distributions.

*Authorizes $150.0 million for fiscal year 2026 to capitalize these state revolving funds.*

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

4 provisions identified: 2 benefits, 1 costs, 1 mixed.

Grants to states for grocery access

The bill would let USDA give states money to set up revolving funds for grocery stores in underserved areas. Funds would be split by each state’s share of the underserved population. States would have to deposit the money into a revolving fund, run a loan process, and follow program rules. The bill authorizes $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. It would also define key terms like grocery store, healthful food, and underserved community to set who can qualify.

Low-cost state loans for grocery stores

This bill would let states offer low‑cost loans to open or run grocery stores in underserved areas. Loans could not pay for new construction to open a store, and borrowers would need at least a 20% non‑Federal match. Stores would need to focus on healthy foods, stock produce and staples, and keep prices affordable; states would favor applicants that hire locals, teach about healthy diets, or buy from local farms. Loans could be at or below market rates, may be interest‑free, and could last up to 30 years or the project’s useful life; payments would start no later than one year after money goes out. A single loan in a year could not exceed 10% of the fund’s available money that year, and if an area later is no longer underserved, recipients there would not get new loans under this program.

Up to 4% loan fee for stores

States would be allowed to charge a one‑time administrative fee up to 4% of the loan. For example, a $100,000 loan could have a $4,000 fee. States would have to use the fees to run the revolving fund and its administration.

USDA help for store operations

If enacted, USDA would give technical help to participating stores. Help would cover food sourcing, storage, and other operations. This is support, not cash, and is meant to help keep healthy food available.

Sponsors & CoSponsors

Sponsor

Carson

IN • D

Cosponsors

  • Rep. Carter, Troy A. [D-LA-2]

    LA • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Casten

    IL • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Cherfilus-McCormick

    FL • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Cohen

    TN • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Watson Coleman, Bonnie [D-NJ-12]

    NJ • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Dingell, Debbie [D-MI-6]

    MI • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Garamendi, John [D-CA-8]

    CA • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Goldman, Daniel S. [D-NY-10]

    NY • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Del. Norton, Eleanor Holmes [D-DC-At Large]

    DC • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Horsford, Steven [D-NV-4]

    NV • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Johnson (GA)

    GA • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Krishnamoorthi, Raja [D-IL-8]

    IL • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Larson, John B. [D-CT-1]

    CT • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Lynch, Stephen F. [D-MA-8]

    MA • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. McIver, LaMonica [D-NJ-10]

    NJ • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Moulton, Seth [D-MA-6]

    MA • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Mrvan

    IN • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Mullin

    CA • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Ross, Deborah K. [D-NC-2]

    NC • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Schakowsky

    IL • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Scholten, Hillary J. [D-MI-3]

    MI • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Soto

    FL • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Stansbury

    NM • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Stevens, Haley M. [D-MI-11]

    MI • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Tlaib, Rashida [D-MI-12]

    MI • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Takano, Mark [D-CA-39]

    CA • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Tonko, Paul [D-NY-20]

    NY • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Tokuda, Jill N. [D-HI-2]

    HI • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Rep. Velázquez, Nydia M. [D-NY-7]

    NY • D

    Sponsored 1/16/2025

  • Barragan

    CA • D

    Sponsored 1/20/2025

  • Rep. Titus, Dina [D-NV-1]

    NV • D

    Sponsored 1/23/2025

  • Rep. García, Jesús G. "Chuy" [D-IL-4]

    IL • D

    Sponsored 1/23/2025

  • Davis (IL)

    IL • D

    Sponsored 1/31/2025

  • Rep. Scanlon, Mary Gay [D-PA-5]

    PA • D

    Sponsored 2/4/2025

  • Rep. Thanedar, Shri [D-MI-13]

    MI • D

    Sponsored 2/4/2025

  • Mfume

    MD • D

    Sponsored 2/10/2025

  • Rep. Beatty, Joyce [D-OH-3]

    OH • D

    Sponsored 2/11/2025

  • Connolly

    VA • D

    Sponsored 2/11/2025

  • Keating

    MA • D

    Sponsored 2/13/2025

  • Rep. Ramirez, Delia C. [D-IL-3]

    IL • D

    Sponsored 2/24/2025

  • Rep. Landsman, Greg [D-OH-1]

    OH • D

    Sponsored 2/24/2025

  • Budzinski

    IL • D

    Sponsored 3/10/2025

  • Rep. Green, Al [D-TX-9]

    TX • D

    Sponsored 3/10/2025

  • Thompson (MS)

    MS • D

    Sponsored 3/10/2025

  • Rep. Vargas, Juan [D-CA-52]

    CA • D

    Sponsored 3/10/2025

  • Rep. Torres, Ritchie [D-NY-15]

    NY • D

    Sponsored 3/10/2025

  • Khanna

    CA • D

    Sponsored 3/10/2025

  • Jackson (IL)

    IL • D

    Sponsored 3/10/2025

  • Rep. Latimer, George [D-NY-16]

    NY • D

    Sponsored 3/10/2025

  • Rep. Pettersen, Brittany [D-CO-7]

    CO • D

    Sponsored 3/10/2025

  • Smith (WA)

    WA • D

    Sponsored 3/24/2025

  • Rep. Bell, Wesley [D-MO-1]

    MO • D

    Sponsored 4/7/2025

  • Rep. Gottheimer, Josh [D-NJ-5]

    NJ • D

    Sponsored 4/8/2025

  • Rep. Clarke, Yvette D. [D-NY-9]

    NY • D

    Sponsored 4/9/2025

  • Sewell

    AL • D

    Sponsored 4/21/2025

  • Rep. Doggett, Lloyd [D-TX-37]

    TX • D

    Sponsored 4/21/2025

  • Rep. Cleaver, Emanuel [D-MO-5]

    MO • D

    Sponsored 4/21/2025

  • Rep. DeSaulnier, Mark [D-CA-10]

    CA • D

    Sponsored 8/19/2025

  • Rep. Garcia, Sylvia R. [D-TX-29]

    TX • D

    Sponsored 8/29/2025

  • Rep. Fields, Cleo [D-LA-6]

    LA • D

    Sponsored 9/2/2025

  • Simon

    CA • D

    Sponsored 9/2/2025

  • Escobar

    TX • D

    Sponsored 9/2/2025

  • Rep. McClain Delaney, April [D-MD-6]

    MD • D

    Sponsored 9/18/2025

  • Crockett

    TX • D

    Sponsored 10/8/2025

  • Rep. Walkinshaw, James R. [D-VA-11]

    VA • D

    Sponsored 11/4/2025

Roll Call Votes

No roll call votes available for this bill.

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