SHADOW Act
Sponsored By: Representative Self
Introduced
Summary
Creates a State Department Coordinator to counter hybrid warfare. It would centralize threat assessment, boost allied information sharing, and help protect critical infrastructure from cyber, economic, and information attacks.
Show full summary
- U.S. foreign policy planners: Would get a Chief Coordinator who must be named within 30 days and who would report findings to Congress annually for three years. The Coordinator would assess hybrid threats and recommend fixes for analytic and operational gaps.
- Allies and partners: Would strengthen information sharing with NATO and with South Korea, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand to align attribution language, set shared red lines, and coordinate non-kinetic response options.
- Critical sectors and private firms: Would support resilience and de-risking in energy, telecommunications, undersea infrastructure, and strategic materials to reduce exposure to cyberattacks, economic coercion, sabotage, and targeted information campaigns.
Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
3 provisions identified: 3 benefits, 0 costs, 0 mixed.
Definition of hybrid warfare activities
This bill would define "hybrid warfare activities" as the combined use of military and non-military, covert and overt means to influence, destabilize, or undermine U.S. interests abroad. The definition lists examples like information campaigns, cyber-attacks, economic coercion, operatives or irregular fighters, weaponizing migration, sabotage of energy or telecom infrastructure (including undersea), and targeted assassinations tied to intimidation. This definition would guide how agencies and partners identify and respond to such threats.
More diplomatic coordination on hybrid threats
This bill would direct the Secretary of State to assess growing hybrid warfare threats and to engage European and NATO partners. The Secretary would push for common attribution language, shared red lines for disruptive acts, coordinated non-kinetic response options, and common definitions for gray-zone activities. The goal would be better transatlantic information sharing and preparedness against Chinese and Russian cyber and gray-zone campaigns.
New U.S. hybrid warfare coordinator
This bill would require the Secretary of State to name a senior Coordinator for hybrid warfare within 30 days. Within 60 days of that pick, the Secretary would send the Coordinator's name and a strategy to two congressional committees. The Coordinator would gather and share information on hybrid threats, spot analytic and operational gaps, coordinate with NATO and key partners, and support resilience in vulnerable sectors like energy, telecommunications, and strategic materials. The Coordinator would report to Congress one year after designation and annually for three years. Within 180 days of enactment the Coordinator would identify Chinese entities materially supporting Russia's defense industrial base and recommend sanctions or export controls, and the unclassified portion would be posted on the State Department website.
Sponsors & CoSponsors
Sponsor
Self
TX • R
Cosponsors
Keating
MA • D
Sponsored 2/20/2026
Sherman
CA • D
Sponsored 2/20/2026
Roll Call Votes
No roll call votes available for this bill.
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