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CaliforniaSB 192025-2026 Regular SessionSenate

Threats: schools and places of worship.

Sponsored By: Susan Rubio (Democratic)

Signed by Governor

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

3 provisions identified: 2 benefits, 0 costs, 1 mixed.

Threats at schools, work, worship are crimes

The law makes it a crime to willfully threaten to kill or seriously hurt people at certain places. It covers daycares, schools, universities, workplaces, houses of worship, and medical facilities. A threat can be words, pictures, or an online post, meant to be taken as a threat. It must be clear, immediate, and specific, and cause reasonable, sustained fear. Punishment can be up to 1 year in county jail, or 16 months, 2 years, or 3 years under felony rules.

No double conviction for one threat

A person cannot be convicted for the same threat under both this new crime and Penal Code section 422. Prosecutors can still charge other crimes for the same act.

Teens who threaten face services first

If a person under 18 commits this threat, the case goes to juvenile services if the youth qualifies. These are services under Welfare and Institutions Code Section 654. If the youth does not qualify, the act is punished as a misdemeanor.

Sponsors & Cosponsors

Sponsor

  • Susan Rubio

    Democratic • Senate

Cosponsors

  • Juan Alanis

    Republican • House

  • Marc Berman

    Democratic • House

  • Catherine Blakespear

    Democratic • Senate

  • Blanca Blanca Rubio

    Democratic • House

  • Roger Niello

    Republican • Senate

  • Darshana R. Patel

    Democratic • House

  • Chris Rogers

    Democratic • House

Roll Call Votes

All Roll Calls

Yes: 194 • No: 0

Senate vote • 9/11/2025

Item 33 — Senate SFLOOR

Yes: 40 • No: 0

House vote • 9/9/2025

Item 54 — Assembly AFLOOR

Yes: 74 • No: 0

legislature vote • 8/29/2025

Vote in CX25

Yes: 15 • No: 0

legislature vote • 7/1/2025

Vote in CX18

Yes: 8 • No: 0

Senate vote • 6/2/2025

Item 148 — Senate SFLOOR

Yes: 38 • No: 0

legislature vote • 5/23/2025

Vote in CS61

Yes: 6 • No: 0

legislature vote • 4/7/2025

Vote in CS61

Yes: 7 • No: 0

legislature vote • 3/25/2025

Vote in CS72

Yes: 6 • No: 0

Actions Timeline

  1. Chaptered by Secretary of State. Chapter 594, Statutes of 2025.

    10/11/2025Senate

  2. Approved by the Governor.

    10/11/2025legislature

  3. Enrolled and presented to the Governor at 11 a.m.

    9/22/2025legislature

  4. Assembly amendments concurred in. (Ayes 40. Noes 0. Page 2898.) Ordered to engrossing and enrolling.

    9/11/2025Senate

  5. In Senate. Concurrence in Assembly amendments pending.

    9/9/2025Senate

  6. Read third time. Passed. (Ayes 74. Noes 0. Page 3072.) Ordered to the Senate.

    9/9/2025House

  7. Ordered to third reading.

    9/5/2025House

  8. Read third time and amended.

    9/5/2025House

  9. Assembly Rule 69(b)(1) suspended.

    9/5/2025House

  10. Read second time. Ordered to third reading.

    9/2/2025House

  11. From committee: Do pass. (Ayes 15. Noes 0.) (August 29).

    8/29/2025House

  12. Coauthors revised.

    8/29/2025House

  13. July 9 set for first hearing. Placed on APPR. suspense file.

    7/9/2025House

  14. From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on APPR. (Ayes 8. Noes 0.) (July 1). Re-referred to Com. on APPR.

    7/2/2025House

  15. Referred to Com. on PUB. S.

    6/9/2025House

  16. In Assembly. Read first time. Held at Desk.

    6/3/2025House

  17. Read third time. Passed. (Ayes 38. Noes 0. Page 1371.) Ordered to the Assembly.

    6/2/2025Senate

  18. Read second time. Ordered to third reading.

    5/27/2025Senate

  19. From committee: Do pass as amended. (Ayes 6. Noes 0. Page 1187.) (May 23).

    5/23/2025Senate

  20. Read second time and amended. Ordered to second reading.

    5/23/2025Senate

  21. Set for hearing May 23.

    5/16/2025Senate

  22. April 7 hearing: Placed on APPR. suspense file.

    4/7/2025Senate

  23. Set for hearing April 7.

    3/28/2025Senate

  24. From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on APPR. (Ayes 6. Noes 0. Page 532.) (March 25). Re-referred to Com. on APPR.

    3/25/2025Senate

  25. From committee with author's amendments. Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on PUB. S.

    3/13/2025Senate

Bill Text

  • Chaptered

    10/11/2025

    HTML

  • Enrolled

    9/13/2025

    HTML

  • Amended Assembly

    9/5/2025

    HTML

  • Amended Senate

    5/23/2025

    HTML

  • Amended Senate

    3/13/2025

    HTML

  • Amended Senate

    3/10/2025

    HTML

  • Introduced

    12/2/2024

    HTML

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