MichiganHB 40472025-2026 Regular SessionHouseWALLET

Civil procedure: civil actions; cause of action for media that falsely depicts an individual engaging in sexual conduct; provide for. Creates new act. Last Action: assigned PA 11'25 with immediate effect

Sponsored By: Matt Bierlein (Republican)

Became Law

Civil procedure: civil actionsCivil procedure: remediesCrimes: obscenity

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

3 provisions identified: 2 benefits, 1 costs, 0 mixed.

Victims can sue over sexual deepfakes

You can sue someone who makes or shares a sexual deepfake of you without consent. This applies when the fake looks real, shows intimate parts or a sexual act, you are identifiable, and the person knew or should have known it would cause harm or acted to harass, extort, threaten, or cause harm. You can seek money for losses and mental anguish, any profits they made, court costs, and reasonable attorney fees. A court can order them to stop and fine up to $1,000 per day for breaking an order. The time to sue starts when you discover it; you can file where you or the defendant live or where it was made or stored, and courts can let you file under seal and use a pseudonym. This law adds options and does not replace other civil or criminal remedies.

Criminal penalties for sexual deepfakes

It is a crime to intentionally create or share a sexual deepfake that looks real, identifies the person, and would cause harm. A misdemeanor can bring up to 1 year in jail, a fine up to $3,000, or both. Aggravating facts can make it a felony: the victim loses money, there is intent to profit, the person runs a site or app for this, posts on a site that facilitates access, intends to harass, extort, threaten, or cause harm, or has a prior conviction. A felony can bring up to 3 years in jail, a fine up to $5,000, or both. The law takes effect immediately.

Exceptions and platform protections

Some uses are defenses or exceptions: lawful investigations, reporting crimes, medical or mental‑health treatment with protections, public‑interest work clearly labeled as a deepfake with good‑faith steps to limit sharing, and court use under orders. Interactive computer services, carriers, and telecom or broadband providers are not liable under this law as transmitters. Tool developers avoid liability if their tech is not designed or marketed for nonconsensual explicit deepfakes and their rules ban that content. These limits narrow who victims can sue or prosecutors can charge.

Sponsors & Cosponsors

Sponsor

Matt Bierlein
Republican • House

Cosponsors

Amos O'Neal
Democratic • House
Brenda Carter
Democratic • House
Cameron Cavitt
Republican • House
Carrie Rheingans
Democratic • House
Denise Mentzer
Democratic • House
Donavan McKinney
Democratic • House
Emily Dievendorf
Democratic • House
Erin Byrnes
Democratic • House
Gregory Alexander
Republican • House
Helena Scott
Democratic • House
Jason Hoskins
Democratic • House
Jason Morgan
Democratic • House
Jasper Martus
Democratic • House
Jennifer Conlin
Democratic • House
Jimmie Wilson
Democratic • House
Joey Andrews
Democratic • House
Julie Rogers
Democratic • House
Kara Hope
Democratic • House
Kelly Breen
Democratic • House
Laurie Pohutsky
Democratic • House
Mai Xiong
Democratic • House
Matt Koleszar
Democratic • House
Matt Longjohn
Democratic • House
Morgan Foreman
Democratic • House
Natalie Price
Democratic • House
Pat Outman
Republican • House
Penelope Tsernoglou
Democratic • House
Peter Herzberg
Democratic • House
Reggie Miller
Democratic • House
Sharon MacDonell
Democratic • House
Stephanie Young
Democratic • House
Stephen Wooden
Democratic • House
Tim Kelly
Republican • House
Veronica Paiz
Democratic • House

Roll Call Votes

All Roll Calls

Yes: 233 • No: 6

House vote • 8/19/2025

roll call

Yes: 97 • No: 5 • Other: 8

Senate vote • 8/13/2025

PASSED; GIVEN IMMEDIATE EFFECT

Yes: 32 • No: 0 • Other: 5

House vote • 4/24/2025

passed; given immediate effect

Yes: 104 • No: 1 • Other: 5

Actions Timeline

assigned PA 11'25 with immediate effect
8/26/2025House
filed with Secretary of State 08/26/2025 01:37 PM
8/26/2025House
approved by the Governor 08/26/2025 01:16 PM
8/26/2025House
presented to the Governor 08/21/2025 09:30 AM
8/21/2025House
bill ordered enrolled
8/19/2025House
roll call Roll Call #174 Yeas 97 Nays 5 Excused 0 Not Voting 8
8/19/2025House
Senate substitute (S-3) concurred in
8/19/2025
laid over one day under the rules
8/13/2025House
returned from Senate with substitute (S-3) with immediate effect
8/13/2025House
PASSED; GIVEN IMMEDIATE EFFECT ROLL CALL # 209 YEAS 32 NAYS 0 EXCUSED 5 NOT VOTING 0
8/13/2025Senate
PLACED ON IMMEDIATE PASSAGE
8/13/2025Senate
RULES SUSPENDED
8/13/2025Senate
PLACED ON ORDER OF THIRD READING WITH SUBSTITUTE (S-3)
8/13/2025Senate
SUBSTITUTE (S-3) CONCURRED IN
8/13/2025Senate
REPORTED BY COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE FAVORABLY WITH SUBSTITUTE (S-3)
8/13/2025Senate
RULES SUSPENDED FOR IMMEDIATE CONSIDERATION
8/13/2025Senate
REFERRED TO COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE WITH SUBSTITUTE (S-1)
8/13/2025Senate
REPORTED FAVORABLY WITH SUBSTITUTE (S-1) 8/12/2025
8/13/2025Senate
REFERRED TO COMMITTEE ON CIVIL RIGHTS, JUDICIARY, AND PUBLIC SAFETY
4/29/2025Senate
PASSED BY HOUSE WITH IMMEDIATE EFFECT
4/29/2025House
transmitted
4/24/2025House
passed; given immediate effect Roll Call #69 Yeas 104 Nays 1 Excused 0 Not Voting 5
4/24/2025House
read a third time
4/24/2025House
placed on third reading
4/23/2025House
substitute (H-3) adopted
4/23/2025House

Bill Text

Public Act
8/26/2025
PDF
As Passed by the House
8/19/2025
PDF
House Concurred
8/19/2025
PDF
As Passed by the Senate
8/13/2025
PDF
Introduced
1/30/2025
PDF

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