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MichiganHB 41012025-2026 Regular SessionHouse

Health occupations: physical therapists; physical therapy licensure compact; enact. Amends 1978 PA 368 (MCL 333.1101 - 333.25211) by adding sec. 16187a. TIE BAR WITH: HB 4102'25Last Action: assigned PA 42'26 with immediate effect

Sponsored By: Matt Bierlein (Republican)

Signed by Governor

Health occupations: physical therapistsOccupations: individual licensing and registrationState: interstate compacts and agreementsState agencies (existing): licensing and regulatory affairs

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

6 provisions identified: 2 benefits, 1 costs, 3 mixed.

Individuals can bring compact-related court cases

Individuals can bring compact-related civil cases in Michigan state courts or federal courts with authority to hear them. This permission does not cover lawsuits to enforce the compact between member states. It does not guarantee payment or a change in licensing status.

Military therapists get home-state licensing choices

Licensed physical therapists and assistants on active duty, and spouses of active-duty members, get extra home-state choices under the compact. They can choose their military home of record, permanent duty-station state, or current residence state if different from both. This helps eligible licensees keep access to cross-state practice when military assignments or residence change.

Therapists face possible cross-state practice fees

Member states can charge physical therapists and assistants a fee for permission to practice through the compact. The compact commission can also charge other parties, including licensees, and collect annual assessments from member states. Commission charges must cover only approved annual budget costs not paid by other sources. The law sets no fee amount, so an individual therapist's cost cannot be calculated.

Therapists face cross-state discipline and limits

States where therapists practice can enforce local standards, remove compact privileges, and impose fines to protect patients. A restricted home-state license immediately ends all remote-state privileges until the restriction clears and two years pass after the disciplinary action. Removal of one remote-state privilege also ends all remote-state privileges until the removal period ends, fines are paid, and two years pass. Licensees must then meet eligibility requirements again; states can also recover investigation costs where state law allows. Therapists in programs used instead of discipline cannot practice in another member state during participation without that state's prior permission.

Therapists gain cross-state work with limits

Michigan joins the Physical Therapy Licensure Compact, letting eligible physical therapists and assistants work in other member states without separate licenses. Applicants need a valid home-state license, no restrictions on any state license, and no disciplinary actions within two years. They must notify the compact commission, pay applicable fees, and meet the other state's legal-knowledge requirements. Privileges last until the home license expires, while eligibility continues; disciplinary actions by nonmember states must be reported within 30 days. States can also keep licensing agreements with nonmember states when those agreements do not conflict with the compact.

Therapy boards share records and oversight

Member states must share licensing, complaint, and disciplinary records through a central system and maintain complaint investigations. They must use a recognized national exam, require continuing competence for renewal, and implement FBI background checks on the commission's schedule. Nonpublic records remain private, and records requiring removal under the contributing state's law must be removed. Home-state boards alone discipline their own licenses; other member states can investigate violations and act against compact privileges. A joint public commission runs the compact, issues binding rules, and conducts annual financial audits. Rule proposals require at least 30 days' notice; hearings are required when requested by 25 people, a government agency, or an association with at least 25 members. A majority of member-state legislatures can reject a rule within four years; emergency rules take effect immediately and require follow-up rulemaking within 90 days. The compact activates nationally at 10 states, and later members follow rules already in force. A state can leave six months after passing a repeal law, but earlier investigations and disciplinary actions remain subject to reporting duties. The commission can address state violations through assistance, dispute resolution, membership termination, or federal court enforcement.

Sponsors & Cosponsors

Sponsor

  • Matt Bierlein

    Republican • House

Cosponsors

  • Angela Rigas

    Republican • House

  • Carol Glanville

    Democratic • House

  • Carrie Rheingans

    Democratic • House

  • Douglas Wozniak

    Republican • House

  • Gregory Alexander

    Republican • House

  • Jamie Thompson

    Republican • House

  • Jason Morgan

    Democratic • House

  • Jerry Neyer

    Republican • House

  • John Fitzgerald

    Democratic • House

  • Julie Rogers

    Democratic • House

  • Matt Longjohn

    Democratic • House

  • Natalie Price

    Democratic • House

  • Phil Green

    Republican • House

  • Samantha Steckloff

    Democratic • House

  • Sharon MacDonell

    Democratic • House

  • Veronica Paiz

    Democratic • House

Roll Call Votes

All Roll Calls

Yes: 241 • No: 4

House vote • 7/3/2026

roll call

Yes: 106 • No: 2 • Other: 2

Senate vote • 9/9/2025

PASSED; GIVEN IMMEDIATE EFFECT

Yes: 32 • No: 0 • Other: 5

House vote • 5/22/2025

passed; given immediate effect

Yes: 103 • No: 2 • Other: 5

Actions Timeline

  1. assigned PA 42'26 with immediate effect

    7/29/2026House

  2. filed with Secretary of State 07/22/2026 10:48 AM

    7/29/2026House

  3. approved by the Governor 07/21/2026 02:48 PM

    7/29/2026House

  4. presented to the Governor 07/14/2026 12:28 PM

    7/14/2026House

  5. bill ordered enrolled

    7/3/2026House

  6. title amendment agreed to

    7/3/2026House

  7. roll call Roll Call #312 Yeas 106 Nays 2 Excused 0 Not Voting 2

    7/3/2026House

  8. Senate substitute (S-2) concurred in

    7/3/2026House

  9. laid over one day under the rules

    9/9/2025House

  10. returned from Senate with substitute (S-2) with immediate effect and title amendment

    9/9/2025House

  11. RETURNED TO HOUSE

    9/9/2025Senate

  12. TITLE AMENDED

    9/9/2025Senate

  13. PASSED; GIVEN IMMEDIATE EFFECT ROLL CALL # 225 YEAS 32 NAYS 0 EXCUSED 5 NOT VOTING 0

    9/9/2025Senate

  14. SUBSTITUTE (S-2) ADOPTED

    9/9/2025Senate

  15. PLACED ON ORDER OF THIRD READING WITH SUBSTITUTE (S-1)

    9/4/2025Senate

  16. SUBSTITUTE (S-1) CONCURRED IN

    9/4/2025Senate

  17. REPORTED BY COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE FAVORABLY WITH SUBSTITUTE (S-1)

    9/4/2025Senate

  18. RULES SUSPENDED FOR IMMEDIATE CONSIDERATION

    9/4/2025Senate

  19. REFERRED TO COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE WITH SUBSTITUTE (S-1)

    9/4/2025Senate

  20. REPORTED FAVORABLY WITH SUBSTITUTE (S-1) 9/3/2025

    9/4/2025Senate

  21. REFERRED TO COMMITTEE ON HEALTH POLICY

    5/29/2025Senate

  22. PASSED BY HOUSE WITH IMMEDIATE EFFECT

    5/29/2025House

  23. transmitted

    5/22/2025House

  24. passed; given immediate effect Roll Call #129 Yeas 103 Nays 2 Excused 0 Not Voting 5

    5/22/2025House

  25. read a third time

    5/22/2025House

Bill Text

  • Public Act

    7/21/2026

    PDF

  • As Passed by the House

    7/3/2026

    PDF

  • House Concurred

    7/3/2026

    PDF

  • As Passed by the Senate

    9/9/2025

    PDF

  • Introduced

    2/20/2025

    PDF

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