All Roll Calls
Yes: 144 • No: 96
WashingtonHB 11632025-2026 Regular SessionHouseWALLET
Enhancing requirements relating to the purchase, transfer, and possession of firearms.
Sponsored By: Liz Berry (Democratic)
Signed by Governor
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
8 provisions identified: 1 benefits, 3 costs, 4 mixed.
Firearm buyers face stricter delivery checks
Beginning May 1, 2027, dealer firearm sales and transfers require a valid purchase permit and clear identification, unless personally known. Before delivery, dealers must receive state eligibility approval and follow required waiting periods. Buyers provide their permit number and firearm details; dealers submit them through the secure state system. Dealers also give two required warnings and a state firearms-law and safety pamphlet. Outstanding felony or misdemeanor warrants trigger delays; confirmed valid warrants mean denial. Pending criminal charges, commitment cases, or relevant arrest records also delay delivery when identity or eligibility remains unclear.
New five-year permits for firearm buyers
Beginning May 1, 2027, Washington State Patrol handles firearm purchase permits requiring fingerprints, training proof or an exemption, and fees. Decisions are generally due within 30 days of a complete application. The deadline is 60 days without valid permanent Washington identification or 90 consecutive days of state residency. More time is allowed to obtain records. Permits last five years, with yearly eligibility checks and revocation for disqualifying conditions. Renewal applications are allowed within 90 days before or after expiration.
Ineligible firearm holders lose permits and licenses
Specified disqualifying court findings trigger immediate purchase-permit revocation and notice requiring the issuing agency to revoke any concealed pistol license. These include firearm-disqualifying convictions, insanity findings, mental-health commitments, and charges dismissed because the person cannot stand trial. Purchase permits are also revoked immediately after extreme risk protection orders. Convictions for unlawfully carrying or displaying a weapon in an intimidating or alarming way revoke both authorizations. Police must immediately revoke concealed pistol licenses held by people who were ineligible when applying or became ineligible later. Written notice must explain the grounds and reconsideration process; holders can seek superior court relief if revocation is upheld.
State centralizes firearm checks for dealers
Beginning May 1, 2027, Washington State Patrol must run one automated background-check program for dealers, checking state and federal records. It reviews unclear results and whether convictions from other jurisdictions count as Washington felonies. Dealers must use the system 30 days after state notice; local police check warrants when taking permit fingerprints. The state account funds the check system and permit program and must repay startup appropriations by June 30, 2029. No repayment amount is specified. The act includes a null-and-void clause unless the omnibus budget provided funding naming the act by June 30, 2025.
Firearm training rules include worker exemptions
Beginning May 1, 2027, purchase-permit applicants need certified firearm safety training completed within five years, unless exempt. Training includes safety and legal lessons plus live-fire practice showing safe handling and shooting skill. Renewals require the live-fire portion within the last 10 years. Specified peace officers, tribal officers, active military, National Guard and reserve members qualify for exemptions with proper identification. Armed investigators and security guards qualify only while their specified state training meets the law's requirements. Washington State Patrol certifies courses, requires recertification every five years, and sets procedures for documenting training or exemptions.
Firearm buyers pay permit and check fees
Beginning May 1, 2027, dealers must charge a firearm transfer background-check fee capped at $18. Checks for pawnbrokers receiving or returning pawned firearms are exempt. Washington State Patrol may charge permit application fees to cover program costs and must set a late-renewal penalty. Applicants also pay fingerprint processing fees; local police may charge reasonable fees for taking and sending fingerprints. The law sets no dollar amounts for these permit or fingerprint charges, and collected permit and check fees fund the state account.
Firearm applicants gain appeals but face immunity
Beginning May 1, 2027, state background-check appeals let denied buyers learn the reason and seek review or correction of errors. People facing wrongful permit or transaction decisions can also request an expedited superior court hearing. Courts can order permit issuance or reinstatement, record corrections, or approval of wrongfully denied purchases. Successful petitioners receive reasonable attorney fees and costs; cases must be filed where they applied or in Thurston County. Governments, covered agencies, and employees retain immunity from liability for listed firearm licensing actions and information errors made in good faith.
Firearm records get sharing and privacy rules
Dealers must record each firearm sale or transfer, including the buyer's permit number, and submit records through the secure state system. Washington State Patrol sends those records daily to the Department of Licensing, which keeps purchase, transfer, and specified license records. Disclosure is limited by public-records law. Health agencies and facilities must provide relevant, necessary eligibility information when courts, law enforcement, or the state request it. Beginning May 1, 2027, state background-check records are exempt from public inspection and copying.
Sponsors & Cosponsors
Sponsor
Liz Berry
Democratic • House
Cosponsors
Alex Ramel
Democratic • House
Amy Walen
Democratic • House
April Berg
Democratic • House
Beth Doglio
Democratic • House
Chipalo Street
Democratic • House
Cindy Ryu
Democratic • House
Darya Farivar
Democratic • House
Davina Duerr
Democratic • House
Edwin Obras
Democratic • House
Emily Alvarado
Democratic • House
Gerry Pollet
Democratic • House
Jake Fey
Democratic • House
Jamila Taylor
Democratic • House
Joe Fitzgibbon
Democratic • House
Julia Reed
Democratic • House
Julio Cortes
Democratic • House
Lauren Davis
Democratic • House
Lisa Callan
Democratic • House
Lisa Parshley
Democratic • House
Mary Fosse
Democratic • House
Mia Gregerson
Democratic • House
Natasha Hill
Democratic • House
Nicole Macri
Democratic • House
Osman Salahuddin
Democratic • House
Roger Goodman
Democratic • House
Sharlett Mena
Democratic • House
Sharon Wylie
Democratic • House
Shelley Kloba
Democratic • House
Steve Tharinger
Democratic • House
Strom Peterson
Democratic • House
Tarra Simmons
Democratic • House
Roll Call Votes
House vote • 4/22/2025
Final Passage as Amended by the Senate
Yes: 57 • No: 39 • Other: 2
Senate vote • 4/14/2025
3rd Reading & Final Passage as Amended by the Senate
Yes: 29 • No: 19 • Other: 1
House vote • 3/8/2025
3rd Reading & Final Passage
Yes: 58 • No: 38 • Other: 2
Actions Timeline
Effective date 5/1/2027*.
5/20/2025HouseChapter 370, 2025 Laws.
5/20/2025HouseGovernor signed.
5/20/2025legislatureDelivered to Governor.
4/25/2025legislaturePresident signed.
4/24/2025legislatureSpeaker signed.
4/23/2025legislaturePassed final passage; yeas, 57; nays, 39; absent, 0; excused, 2.
4/22/2025HouseHouse concurred in Senate amendments.
4/22/2025HouseThird reading, passed; yeas, 29; nays, 19; absent, 0; excused, 1.
4/14/2025HouseRules suspended. Placed on Third Reading.
4/14/2025HouseCommittee amendment(s) adopted as amended.
4/14/2025HousePlaced on second reading by Rules Committee.
4/9/2025HousePassed to Rules Committee for second reading.
4/8/2025HouseMinority; without recommendation.
4/7/2025HouseMinority; do not pass.
4/7/2025HouseWM - Majority; do pass with amendment(s).
4/7/2025HouseReferred to Ways & Means.
3/28/2025HouseAnd refer to Ways & Means.
3/27/2025HouseMinority; do not pass.
3/27/2025HouseLAW - Majority; do pass with amendment(s).
3/27/2025HouseFirst reading, referred to Law & Justice.
3/11/2025HouseThird reading, passed; yeas, 58; nays, 38; absent, 0; excused, 2.
3/8/2025HouseRules suspended. Placed on Third Reading.
3/8/2025HouseFloor amendment(s) adopted.
3/8/2025House2nd substitute bill substituted.
3/7/2025House
Bill Text
Session Law
5/23/2025
Bill as Passed Legislature
4/24/2025
Engrossed Second Substitute
3/8/2025
Second Substitute
2/28/2025
Substitute Bill
2/4/2025
Original Bill
1/13/2025
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