Oregon Administrative Code

437-007-0655 Guylines — Tail Tree Guying (1) Except as provided for in rule (2) and (5) of this section, a minimum of two guylines must be used on tail trees and located within guying zones to oppose the forces as shown in Figure 7-16 (azimuths 130-150 and 210-230 degrees). Figur…

437-007-0660 Intermediate Support Trees (1) Intermediate support trees must be rigged so: (a) Horizontal carriage clearance at the base of the intermediate support tree(s) is sufficient for the turn of logs to pass the support tree(s). (b) The jackline is a single piece of line t…

437-007-0665 Anchoring (1) A competent person must carefully choose skyline, guyline and running line anchors for position and strength. Figure 7-21 — Stump Tie Back Anchor [Figure not included. See ED. NOTE.] (2) A competent person must inspect anchors while the operation is in …

437-007-0670 Spiking and Releasing Spiked Guylines or Skylines (1) Spiked guylines or skylines must be anchored with at least two and one-half wraps around the stump. The first wrap must be secured with at least eight spikes or six staples. The second wrap must be secured with at…

437-007-0675 Selecting, Preparing and Rigging Trees (1) Tail and intermediate support trees must be carefully chosen by a competent person based on position and strength necessary to support the imposed loads. (2) Raised trees must be identified and marked as such. (3) Trees must…

437-007-0680 Blocks and Hanging Blocks. (1) Load-bearing blocks must: (a) Not be used for lines other than those for which they are constructed. (b) Be fitted with line guards and be designed and used in a manner that prevents fouling. (c) Be kept in proper alignment when in use.…

437-007-0690 Metal Towers (1) A competent person must direct the raising and lowering of each metal tower. (2) All employees not engaged in the actual raising or lowering of metal towers must stay in the clear during these operations. (3) Metal towers must be level to provide pro…

437-007-0700 General Work Practices (1) Machines must be operated a sufficient distance from personnel and other machines to not create a hazard for any person. (2) An unimpaired horizontal clearance of not less than 3 feet must be maintained between the rotating superstructure o…

437-007-0705 General Machine Operator Requirements (1) Machines must be started and operated only by authorized personnel. (2) Operators must be instructed about and comply with the manufacturer's recommendations for machine operation, maintenance, safe work practices, and site o…

437-007-0710 General Machine Requirements (1) Machine seats must be securely attached. (2) Operating foot controls must be constructed of or covered with a non-slip material suitable for the footwear worn. (3) Machine decks, drums and other surfaces where workers walk or stand mu…

437-007-0715 Attaching and Spooling Line (Wire or Synthetic Rope) (1) Ends of lines attached to drums on machines must be secured by end attachments that develop the ultimate strength of the line unless three wraps of line are maintained on the drum at all times. NOTE: This does …

437-007-0720 Fairleads (1) Properly align fairleads at all times. (2) Fairleads must be of a design that will prevent line damage. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 1…

437-007-0725 Securing Machines. (1) Before the operator leaves the operator’s work station, procedures must be implemented to prevent the release of stored energy, accidental start up, or movement of the machine. (2) The employer must instruct all authorized employees how to use …

437-007-0730 Loading Machines (1) Grapple arms or other positive means of keeping logs on the forks must be used on forklift type log handling and loading machines. (2) Log loading machines must be equipped with an audible signaling device of a different tone than other signaling…

437-007-0735 Chippers (1) Access covers and doors to chippers must remain closed until the drum or disk is at a complete stop. (2) Infeed and discharge ports on chippers must prevent contact with discs, knives, or blower blades. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726…

437-007-0740 Machine Exhaust Systems (1) Machines must have an exhaust system maintained in good working order. (2) Machines must be equipped with a muffler of the type recommended by the machine manufacturer. (3) Exhaust pipes must direct the exhaust gases away from the operator…

437-007-0745 Windows and Windshields on Machines (1) Windows and windshields must: (a) Be free of deposits or defects that could endanger the operator or other personnel. (b) Be safety glass or a type of material that provides equal protection. (c) Not impair the vision of the op…

437-007-0750 Drum Brakes (1) Brakes or dogs must be installed on all machine drums and maintained in effective working condition. (2) Machine drum brakes must have an independent locking device that will hold the drum when the operator leaves the machine and the machine is not op…

437-007-0755 Machine Travel Brakes (1) Self-propelled machines built on or after July 1, 1985, must have braking systems as follows: (a) A service braking system that is the primary means of stopping and holding the equipment. (b) An emergency stopping system that is a secondary …

437-007-0760 Outriggers (1) All outriggers must be placed on a stable base or cribbing. (2) Hydraulic outriggers must have a positive holding device (velocity fuse, load check valve, manually operated valve, or equivalent) to prevent movement of the piston in the event of a hose,…

437-007-0765 Hauling or Moving Machines (1) The weight of any machine being hauled must not exceed the designed capacity of the transporting vehicle. (2) Machines must be loaded, secured and unloaded so they do not create a hazard for personnel. (3) Machines must not be moved or …

437-007-0770 Protective Structure for Operators, General Requirements (1) Cabs and protective structures for machine operators must be: (a) Provided when machine use exposes an operator to hazardous conditions. (b) Sufficient in strength and dimension to withstand the impact of m…

437-007-0775 Protective Structure For Operators, Machines Manufactured On Or After July 1, 2004 NOTE: The scope of coverage in the SAE and ISO standards referenced in OAR 437-007-0775(11) and (14) are not intended to exclude any machines included in the scope of this Division. (1…

437-007-0780 Protective Structures for Operators, Machines Used On Or After July 1, 2014 Each machine used in forest activities on or after July 1, 2014, that is excluded from the ROPS, SAE J1040 MAY94 or ISO 8082:1994 requirements, because it is capable of 360 degree upper struc…

437-007-0800 General Requirements (1) Any worker falling a tree or bucking a log must be located so their work will not endanger others. Figure 7-33 — Falling — Too Close [Figure not included. See ED. NOTE.] (2) Personnel must not approach within two tree lengths of a tree being …

437-007-0805 Mechanical Falling (1) The minimum distance between mechanical falling machines or personnel must be twice the height of the trees being felled. NOTE: Increase this distance where the operation of mechanical falling machines creates the possibility of thrown or flyin…

437-007-0810 Manual Falling (1) Falling cuts must not be made in a standing tree while anybody is in the area where the tree could fall. (2) Trees must not be felled if the wind is strong enough to prevent the tree from falling in the desired direction. (3) Domino falling is proh…

437-007-0815 Wedges (1) Wedges must be driven with a hammer or other suitable tool. (2) Two wedges must be immediately available when falling trees over 15 inches DBH. (3) Wedges must be used when falling trees that: (a) Are over 15 inches DBH. (b) Do not have a predictable lean.…

437-007-0820 Bucking Trees/Logs (1) Fallers and buckers working as a team must keep each other informed of their location. (2) When a worker is bucking, they must give a timely warning to others within range of any log that may move after being cut off. (3) Only qualified workers…

437-007-0825 Tree Jacking (1) Hydraulic tree jacks must have: (a) An internal operable load check valve, velocity fuse or equivalent device. When using hoses with a jack, the device must be installed between the ram and the first piece of hose out from the jack. (b) An operable p…

437-007-0830 Tree Pulling (1) A qualified person must determine if it is safe to pull a tree. (2) Positive communications must be maintained at all times between the tree-pulling machine operator and the person falling the tree. Citizens' band radios are not considered positive c…

437-007-0900 General Landing Work Practices (1) Before starting or moving any machine, the operator must determine that personnel are in the clear. (2) When vehicles or machines are moved within the landing area all personnel must: (a) Stay in the clear of the vehicle(s) or machi…

437-007-0905 Landings (1) Landing areas must be: (a) Large and level enough to land, heel, tail/swing or process logs without striking standing timber, rigging, trucks, vehicles, equipment, other machines or objects. NOTE: This is not intended to restrict the occasional yarding o…

437-007-0910 Landing Logs (1) Logs must not be landed until all personnel, trucks, machines, or vehicles are in the clear. (2) After a turn is landed, all rigging must be completely stopped and logs must be stable before: (a) Being approached by personnel. (b) Chokers are unhooke…

437-007-0915 Log Decks (1) Logs must be placed in and removed from decks in an orderly manner to minimize rolling or shifting. (2) Logs must not be decked in a location where they will slide or roll in the direction of personnel, vehicles, equipment or machines. (3) Logs must be …

437-007-0920 General Cable Yarding and Ground Skidding Work Practice (1) The requirements of OAR 437-007-0225(1) and (2) (working near unstable objects and danger trees) apply to all cable yarding and ground skidding operations, especially when yarding downhill. (2) Choker holes …

437-007-0925 Cable Yarding Work Practices (1) Personnel must not ride hooks, lines, rigging, logs suspended in the air or being moved. (2) Personnel must not hold onto haywire, running lines, drop lines or chokers as an assist when walking uphill. (3) Personnel must not work in t…

437-007-0927 Working Near Standing Tree Anchors, and Tail/Intermediate Support Trees (1) Affected personnel must be notified of the potential failure zone of any tail tree, intermediate support tree and standing tree anchor. NOTE: The potential failure zone is that area which cou…

437-007-0930 Grapple Yarding (1) An audible signal does not need to be sounded before lines are moved while grapple yarding if employees are not exposed to logs or rigging movement. (2) Chokers must not be set when using a grapple yarding system during: (a) Hours of darkness. (b)…

437-007-0935 Operation of Ground Skidding Machines and Vehicles (1) Machines must not be operated on slopes in excess of the following limits unless specified by the manufacturer of the equipment. (a) Rubber-tired skidders — 30 percent. (b) Crawler tractors, tracked feller bunche…

437-007-0940 Signaling and Communications (1) Hand signals or audible contact, such as, but not limited to, whistles, horns, or radios, must be used whenever noise, distance, restricted visibility, or other factors prevent clear understanding of natural unassisted voice communica…

437-007-0945 Electrical Signal Systems (1) All electrical signal system wires and attachments must be weatherproof. (2) Electrical signal systems must be: (a) Installed and adjusted to protect against accidental signaling. (b) Maintained in good operating condition. (3) Electrica…

437-007-0950 Voice Communication on Combined Signal/Voice Transmitters (1) Voice communication on the same radio frequencies used to transmit skyline, high-lead, slackline or skidder whistle signals (154.57 and 154.60 MHz channels), is limited to the reporting of injuries, or fir…

437-007-1000 General Requirements (1) Trucks or rail cars must not be moved unless all personnel are in the clear. (2) When the operator’s vision is impaired, trucks or rail cars must not be moved without a signal from a spotter who has a clear view of the direction of travel. (3…

437-007-1005 Loading (1) It is the responsibility of the employer who has control of the actual loading operation to ensure compliance with OAR 437-007-1005(2) through (18) and 437-007-1010(1) through (13) which are applicable to log loading, securing loads and to the requirement…

437-007-1010 Securing Loads for Transport (1) Wrappers must not be thrown until personnel are in the clear. (2) When logs are loaded at different locations or decks, log trucks must not be moved until the requirements for securing loads are met unless: (a) The centers of all logs…

437-007-1015 Binders and Wrappers (1) Each log truck must carry at least five binders and five wrappers. (2) Binders, chains, cables, synthetic materials, fasteners, wrappers, or other wrapper attachments must each have a minimum breaking strength of not less than 15,000 pounds. …

437-007-1020 Log Truck General Requirements (1) Manufacturers’ handholds and steps provided on trucks must be maintained. (2) The area between the truck frame rails, from the cab rearward as far as necessary to provide a safe work area, must have a walking surface of suitable non…

437-007-1025 Log Truck Safety Chains or Cables (1) Each log truck and trailer combination, and each independent trailer (mule train) hooked to a log truck and trailer combination must have one or more safety chains or cables with a rated breaking strength of not less than the gro…

437-007-1030 Log Truck and Trailer Hitches (Couplings) (1) All log truck and trailer combinations must be equipped with couplings (hitches) that: (a) Will withstand, in any direction, the potential stresses imposed. (b) Have two independent locking devices that will continue work…