Title 28 — Property
25 chapters · 384 sections in this title.
28 V.I.C. § 1 Definitions
1.0K chars
As used in this title, unless otherwise provided or the context requires a different meaning—“conveyance” includes every instrument in writing except a last will and testament, whatever may be its form and by whatever name it may be known in law, by which any estate or interest i…
28 V.I.C. § 10 Covenant for payment in mortgage
0.3K chars
A mortgage does not imply a covenant for the payment of the sum thereby intended to be secured. When there is no express covenant for such payment in the mortgage, and no bond or other separate instrument to secure such payment has been given, the remedies of the mortgagee are co…
28 V.I.C. § 11 Adverse possession
0.2K chars
The uninterrupted, exclusive, actual, physical adverse, continuous, notorious possession of real property under claim or color of title for 15 years or more shall be conclusively presumed to give title thereto, except as against the Government.
28 V.I.C. § 2 Interest conveyed; words of inheritance not required for fee simple
0.4K chars
An otherwise effective inter vivos or testamentary conveyance of real property transfers the entire interest which the conveyor has and has the power to convey unless an intent to transfer a less interest is effectively manifested. No words of inheritance or other special words s…
28 V.I.C. § 3 Quitclaim
0.1K chars
A deed of quitclaim and release shall be sufficient to pass all the real estate which the grantor could lawfully convey by a deed of bargain and sale.
28 V.I.C. § 4 Purported conveyance of greater estate by tenant for life or years
0.2K chars
A conveyance made by a tenant for life or years purporting to grant a greater estate than he possesses or can lawfully convey does not work a forfeiture of his estate, but passes to the grantee all the estate which such tenant can lawfully convey.
28 V.I.C. § 5 Conveyance, mortgage, or devise of property not in possession
0.4K chars
Any act which would be effective as a conveyance inter vivos or as a mortgage or as a testamentary disposition of property when the land or thing other than land is in the possession of the conveyor, is effective as a conveyance of the conveyor's interest therein, when the land o…
28 V.I.C. § 6 Remainder to heirs, children, etc.; Rule in Shelley's Case abolished
0.6K chars
(a) If any person by last will devises any real estate to any person for the term of such person's life, and after his death, to his or her children or heirs, or right heirs in fee, such devise shall vest an estate for life only in such devisee, and remainder in fee simple in suc…
28 V.I.C. § 7 Remedies of tenant in common; joint tenancies; tenants by the entireties
1.1K chars
(a) A tenant in common may maintain any proper action or proceeding against the cotenant for receiving more than his joint proportion of the rents or profits of the estate owned by them in common. (b) Every conveyance or devise of lands or an interest therein, except as provided …
28 V.I.C. § 8 Descent, solely or jointly
0.3K chars
When there is but one person entitled to inherit he shall take and hold the inheritance solely; when an inheritance or a share of an inheritance descends to several persons they shall, except as otherwise provided in section 7 of this title, take as tenants in common, in proporti…
28 V.I.C. § 9 Implied covenants generally
0.1K chars
No covenant shall be implied in any conveyance of real estate, whether such conveyance contains special covenants or not.
28 V.I.C. § 41 Manner of executing conveyance
0.3K chars
A conveyance of lands, or of any estate or interest therein, may be made by deed, signed by the person from whom the estate or interest is intended to pass, being of lawful age, or by his lawful agent or attorney and acknowledged or proved, and recorded as directed in this title,…
28 V.I.C. § 42 Execution and acknowledgment of deeds
0.6K chars
(a) Deeds executed within the Virgin Islands of lands or any interest in lands therein shall be executed in the presence of two witnesses, who shall subscribe their names to the same as such; and the persons executing such deeds may acknowledge the execution thereof as provided i…
28 V.I.C. § 43 Proof by subscribing witness of execution of conveyance
0.5K chars
Proof of the execution of any conveyance may be made before any officer authorized to take acknowledgment of deeds and shall be made by a subscribing witness thereto who shall state his own place of residence and that he knows the person described in and who executed the conveyan…
28 V.I.C. § 44 Compelling attendance of witness to prove execution of conveyance
0.9K chars
(a) Upon the application to the district court of any grantee, or of any person claiming under him, verified by the oath of the applicant, setting forth that the grantor is dead, out of the Virgin Islands, or refuses to acknowledge his deed, and that any witness to such conveyanc…
28 V.I.C. § 45 Proof of deed by proving handwriting
0.3K chars
When any grantor is dead, out of the Virgin Islands, or refuses to acknowledge his deed, and all the subscribing witnesses to such deed are also dead or reside out of the Virgin Islands, the deed may be proved before the district court, by proving the handwriting of the grantor a…
28 V.I.C. § 46 Certificate of court as to proof of conveyance
0.4K chars
Whenever the district court takes proof of any conveyance it shall issue a certificate, on the deed, over the signature of the judge thereof and the seal of the court, which shall set forth the things hereinbefore required to be done, known, or proved, together with the names of …
28 V.I.C. § 47 Construction of conveyance; description of property
3.1K chars
(1) The following are the rules for construing the descriptive part of a conveyance of real property when the construction is doubtful and there are no other sufficient circumstances to determine it:(1) Where there are certain definite and ascertained particulars in the descripti…
28 V.I.C. § 81 Acknowledgments within the Virgin Islands [Repealed]
0.3K chars
28 V.I.C. § 81 Statutes current through Act 9046 of the 2025 session of the 36th Legislature, including all code changes through October 25, 2025 This section has more than one version with varying effective dates. § 81. Repealed. Apr. 7, 2022, No. 8542, § 5, Sess. L. 2022, p. 53…
28 V.I.C. § 82 Recognition of notarial acts performed outside the Virgin Islands [Repealed]
0.3K chars
28 V.I.C. § 82 Statutes current through Act 9046 of the 2025 session of the 36th Legislature, including all code changes through October 25, 2025 This section has more than one version with varying effective dates. § 82. Repealed. Apr. 7, 2022, No. 8542, § 5, Sess. L. 2022, p. 53…
28 V.I.C. § 83 Authentication of authority of officer [Repealed]
0.3K chars
28 V.I.C. § 83 Statutes current through Act 9046 of the 2025 session of the 36th Legislature, including all code changes through October 25, 2025 This section has more than one version with varying effective dates. § 83. Repealed. Apr. 7, 2022, No. 8542, § 5, Sess. L. 2022, p. 53…
28 V.I.C. § 84 Certificate of person taking acknowledgment [Repealed]
0.3K chars
28 V.I.C. § 84 Statutes current through Act 9046 of the 2025 session of the 36th Legislature, including all code changes through October 25, 2025 This section has more than one version with varying effective dates. § 84. Repealed. Apr. 7, 2022, No. 8542, § 5, Sess. L. 2022, p. 53…
28 V.I.C. § 85 Recognition of certificate of acknowledgment [Repealed]
0.3K chars
28 V.I.C. § 85 Statutes current through Act 9046 of the 2025 session of the 36th Legislature, including all code changes through October 25, 2025 This section has more than one version with varying effective dates. § 85. Repealed. Apr. 7, 2022, No. 8542, § 5, Sess. L. 2022, p. 53…
28 V.I.C. § 86 Certificate of acknowledgment [Repealed]
0.3K chars
28 V.I.C. § 86 Statutes current through Act 9046 of the 2025 session of the 36th Legislature, including all code changes through October 25, 2025 This section has more than one version with varying effective dates. § 86. Repealed. Apr. 7, 2022, No. 8542, § 5, Sess. L. 2022, p. 53…
28 V.I.C. § 87 Short form of acknowledgment [Repealed]
0.3K chars
28 V.I.C. § 87 Statutes current through Act 9046 of the 2025 session of the 36th Legislature, including all code changes through October 25, 2025 This section has more than one version with varying effective dates. § 87. Repealed. Apr. 7, 2022, No. 8542, § 5, Sess. L. 2022, p. 53…
28 V.I.C. § 88 Acknowledgments not affected by this chapter [Repealed]
0.3K chars
28 V.I.C. § 88 Statutes current through Act 9046 of the 2025 session of the 36th Legislature, including all code changes through October 25, 2025 This section has more than one version with varying effective dates. § 88. Repealed. Apr. 7, 2022, No. 8542, § 5, Sess. L. 2022, p. 53…
28 V.I.C. § 89 Uniformity of interpretation [Repealed]
0.3K chars
28 V.I.C. § 89 Statutes current through Act 9046 of the 2025 session of the 36th Legislature, including all code changes through October 25, 2025 This section has more than one version with varying effective dates. § 89. Repealed. Apr. 7, 2022, No. 8542, § 5, Sess. L. 2022, p. 53…
28 V.I.C. § 90 Acknowledgments under laws of other states [Repealed]
0.3K chars
28 V.I.C. § 90 Statutes current through Act 9046 of the 2025 session of the 36th Legislature, including all code changes through October 25, 2025 This section has more than one version with varying effective dates. § 90. Repealed. Apr. 7, 2022, No. 8542, § 5, Sess. L. 2022, p. 53…
28 V.I.C. § 91 Acknowledgments by persons serving with the armed forces of the United States within or without the United States [Repealed]
0.3K chars
28 V.I.C. § 91 Statutes current through Act 9046 of the 2025 session of the 36th Legislature, including all code changes through October 25, 2025 This section has more than one version with varying effective dates. § 91. Repealed. Apr. 7, 2022, No. 8542, § 5, Sess. L. 2022, p. 53…
28 V.I.C. § 92 Acknowledgment not affected by this chapter [Repealed]
0.3K chars
28 V.I.C. § 92 Statutes current through Act 9046 of the 2025 session of the 36th Legislature, including all code changes through October 25, 2025 This section has more than one version with varying effective dates. § 92. Repealed. Apr. 7, 2022, No. 8542, § 5, Sess. L. 2022, p. 53…
28 V.I.C. § 93 Uniformity of interpretation [Repealed]
0.3K chars
28 V.I.C. § 93 Statutes current through Act 9046 of the 2025 session of the 36th Legislature, including all code changes through October 25, 2025 This section has more than one version with varying effective dates. § 93. Repealed. Apr. 7, 2022, No. 8542, § 5, Sess. L. 2022, p. 53…
28 V.I.C. § 141 Short title
0.1K chars
This chapter may be cited as the Uniform Residential Mortgage Satisfaction Act.
28 V.I.C. § 141a Definitions
7.6K chars
(a) In this chapter:(a) “Address for giving a notification” means, for the purpose of a particular type of notification, the most recent address provided in a document by the intended recipient of the notification to the person giving the notification, unless the person giving th…
28 V.I.C. § 141b Notification: manner of giving and effective date
2.6K chars
(a) A person gives a notification by:(1) depositing it with the United States Postal Service with first-class postage paid or with a commercially reasonable delivery service with cost of delivery provided, properly addressed to the recipient’s address for giving a notification;(2…
28 V.I.C. § 141c Document of rescission: effect; liability for wrongful recording
1.6K chars
(a) In this section, “document of rescission” means a document stating that an identified satisfaction or affidavit of satisfaction of a security instrument was recorded erroneously, the secured obligation remains unsatisfied, and the security instrument remains in force. (b) If …
28 V.I.C. § 142 Payoff statement: request and content
5.6K chars
(a) An entitled person, or an agent authorized by an entitled person to request a payoff statement, may give to the secured creditor a notification requesting a payoff statement for a specified payoff date not more than thirty (30) days after the notification is given. The notifi…
28 V.I.C. § 142a Understated payoff statement: correction; effect
1.3K chars
(a) If a secured creditor determines that the payoff amount it provided in a payoff statement was understated, the creditor may send a corrected payoff statement. If the entitled person or the person’s authorized agent receives and has a reasonable opportunity to act upon a corre…
28 V.I.C. § 142b Secured creditor to submit satisfaction for recording; liability for failure
2.3K chars
(a) A secured creditor shall submit for recording a satisfaction of a security instrument within thirty (30) days after the creditor receives full payment or performance of the secured obligation and shall send a copy of the recorded satisfaction of a security instrument to the l…
28 V.I.C. § 142c Limitation of secured creditor’s liability
0.6K chars
(1) A secured creditor is not liable under this chapter if it:(1) established a reasonable procedure to achieve compliance with its obligations under this chapter;(2) complied with that procedure in good faith; and(3) was unable to comply with its obligations because of circumsta…
28 V.I.C. § 143 Definition; eligibility to serve as satisfaction agent; regulation of satisfaction agents
0.8K chars
(a) In this article, “title insurance company” means an organization authorized to conduct the business of insuring titles to real property in this state. (b) The following may serve as a satisfaction agent under this article:(1) a title insurance company, acting directly or thro…
28 V.I.C. § 143a Affidavit of satisfaction: notification to secured creditor
4.5K chars
(a) If a secured creditor has not submitted for recording a satisfaction of a security instrument within the period specified in section 142b(a), a satisfaction agent acting for and with authority from the landowner may give the secured creditor a notification that the satisfacti…
28 V.I.C. § 143b Affidavit of satisfaction: authorization to submit for recording
1.7K chars
(a) Subject to subsections (b) and (c), a satisfaction agent may sign and submit for recording an affidavit of satisfaction of a security instrument complying with section 143c if:(1) the secured creditor has not, to the knowledge of the satisfaction agent, submitted for recordin…
28 V.I.C. § 143c Affidavit of satisfaction: content
3.7K chars
(1) An affidavit of satisfaction of a security instrument must:(1) identify the original parties to the security instrument, the secured creditor, the recording data for the security instrument, and, if necessary for proper indexing of the affidavit, a legal description of the re…
28 V.I.C. § 143d Affidavit of satisfaction: form
5.7K chars
No particular phrasing of an affidavit of satisfaction is required. The following form of affidavit, when properly completed, is sufficient to satisfy the requirements of section 143c(a). _____________________________________. (Date of Affidavit) AFFIDAVIT OF SATISFACTION 1. The …
28 V.I.C. § 143e Affidavit of satisfaction: effect
1.3K chars
(a) Upon recording, an affidavit substantially complying with the requirements of section 143c constitutes a satisfaction of the security instrument described in the affidavit. (b) The recording of an affidavit of satisfaction of a security instrument does not by itself extinguis…
28 V.I.C. § 143f Liability of satisfaction agent
1.4K chars
(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b), a satisfaction agent that records an affidavit of satisfaction of a security instrument erroneously or with knowledge that the statements contained in the affidavit are false is liable to the secured creditor for any actual dama…
28 V.I.C. § 144 Uniformity of application and construction
0.2K chars
In applying and construing this uniform act, consideration must be given to the need to promote uniformity of the law with respect to its subject matter among states that enact it.
28 V.I.C. § 144a Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act
0.3K chars
This chapter modifies, limits, and supersedes the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (15 U.S.C. § 7001 et seq.) but does not modify, limit, or supersede section 101(c) of that act (15 U.S.C. § 7001(c)) or authorize electronic delivery of any of the …
28 V.I.C. § 121 Place of recording
0.6K chars
Documents affecting real property, which are required or permitted to be recorded, shall be recorded in the office of the recorder of deeds in the judicial division in which the property is located. If a document affects real property located in both judicial divisions, it shall …
28 V.I.C. § 122 Conveyances which may be recorded
0.3K chars
Every conveyance acknowledged or proved or certified by the district court as prescribed in chapter 3 of this title shall be entitled to be recorded in the office of the recorder of deeds; but such instrument, if not acknowledged, proved, or certified, shall not be recorded by th…