Chapter 590. Waterworks Regulations

A. General design requirements. 1. Chlorine feed capacity shall be capable of meeting the disinfection requirements under all operating conditions. a. Chlorine feed systems for primary disinfection at a waterworks using a surface water source, a GUDI source, or both shall provide…

A. Chloramines shall be acceptable for secondary disinfection. Chloramines are formed by the reaction of ammonia and chlorine. Multiple chemical species may be created; however, monochloramine is the desired form. B. The process shall be controlled to minimize formation of dichlo…

A. Chlorine dioxide may be considered as a pre-oxidant to control tastes and odors, reduce color, oxidize iron and manganese, and reduce DBPPs. Chlorine dioxide may be used for primary disinfection. Where chlorine dioxide is used, consideration shall be given to the formation of …

A. Ozone may be considered as a pre-oxidant to control tastes and odors, reduce color, oxidize iron and manganese, reduce DBPPs, and used for primary disinfection. Where ozone is used, consideration shall be given to the level of bromide and formation of brominated byproducts. B.…

A. All UV reactors shall conform to NSF/ANSI/CAN standards. B. Each reactor train shall be equipped with an individual flow meter or a single flow meter in conjunction with differential pressure sensors in each treatment train. Reactors shall be sized to treat the design flow. C.…

Pumping facilities shall be designed to maintain the sanitary quality of pumped water. All pumps shall be accessible for servicing and repair.Statutory Authority§§ 32.1-12 and 32.1-170 of the Code of Virginia.

A. The pumping station shall be located to meet the hydraulic needs of the distribution system, preserve the quality of the water pumped, and shall consider the availability of a power or a fuel supply. B. The station shall be: 1. Elevated to a minimum of one foot above the 100-y…

(Repealed.)

A. Enclosures. 1. The structure that houses a pump shall be of durable construction, fire and weather resistant, and furnished with lockable, outward opening doors. Underground structures shall be waterproofed. 2. Floors. a. Pump house floors shall be of good quality concrete wit…

A. General. 1. Pumps, pump motors, and all accessories shall be controlled in a manner that they will operate at their rated capacity. Where two or more pumps are installed, provision shall be made for proper alternation of the pumps. Alternation may be automatic or manual. Provi…

(Repealed.)

A. Piping shall: 1. Be adequately sized to minimize energy losses; 2. Not be subject to contamination; 3. Have watertight joints; 4. Be properly anchored to prevent movement; 5. Be protected against surge or water hammer; 6. Have proper labels to identify the contents of the pipe…

(Repealed.)

A. The materials and designs used for finished water storage structures, including associated pipe and valves, shall provide stability and durability as well as protect the quality of the stored water. Steel, concrete, composite, and plastic storage structures shall be designed, …

A. Protection. 1. All finished water storage structures shall have suitable watertight roofs or covers that exclude birds, animals, and insects. 2. All finished water storage structures shall be designed to prevent vandalism and entrance by animals or unauthorized persons. B. Fin…

A. When hydropneumatic tanks are used, they shall comply with the requirements of state and local laws and regulations for the construction and installation of unfired pressure vessels. B. Pressure tanks shall be located above the normal ground surface with the operating end of t…

A. Backwash water storage tanks shall be sized in conjunction with available pump units and finished water storage to provide the filter backwash water required. Consideration shall be given to the possibility of having to wash more than one filter at a time or several filters in…

A. Notice. Whenever the department has reason to believe that a violation of Title 32.1 of the Code of Virginia or of any section of this chapter may have occurred or may be occurring, the department shall notify the alleged violator. The notice shall (i) be in writing; (ii) cite…

(Repealed.)

Pipe, fittings, joints, valves, hydrants, and coatings shall conform to AWWA standards.Statutory Authority§§ 32.1-12 and 32.1-170 of the Code of Virginia.

A. The minimum size pipe for water distribution mains shall be four inches in diameter. Pipes of lesser diameter may be used in the following instances: 1. When the run is less than 300 feet, two-inch diameter pipe may be used. 2. When the run is less than 600 feet but more than …

A. Dead-ends should be minimized by the looping of water mains. B. Where dead-end water mains occur, a means of effective flushing shall be provided. C. No flushing device shall be directly connected to any sewer.Statutory Authority§§ 32.1-12 and 32.1-170 of the Code of Virginia.

A. Adequate supports and restraints shall be provided for all pipes. B. A continuous and uniform bedding shall be provided in the trench for all buried pipe. C. Stones and rocks found in the trench shall be removed to a depth of at least six inches below the bottom of the pipe an…

A. Types of administrative proceedings. Administrative proceedings before the board, the commissioner, or the commissioner's designee, shall include the following forms depending upon the nature of the controversy and the interests of the named party involved. 1. An informal fact…

A. The following factors shall be considered in providing adequate separation of water mains and sanitary sewers: 1. Materials and types of joints for water and sanitary sewer mains; 2. Soil conditions; 3. Service branch connections into the water main and sanitary sewer mains; 4…

A. Standard fire hydrants or blowoffs shall be considered to enable removal of sediment and air accumulations. B. Drains in chambers or pits that contain valves, blowoffs, meters, or other appurtenances to a distribution system shall not be connected directly to any storm drain o…

A. Fire hydrants. 1. To avoid cross-connection and contamination, dry barrel fire hydrants: a. Should be located in areas that are not subject to high groundwater, flooding, surface water ponding, and contaminant or pollutant spills. When this is not practical, consideration shal…

A. Surface water crossings, both over and under water, present special challenges and shall be discussed with the department before project documents are prepared. B. Aerial water crossings. The pipe above water crossings shall be: 1. Adequately supported; 2. Protected from freez…

(Repealed.)

A. The commissioner may, pursuant to § 32.1-175 of the Code of Virginia, issue emergency orders in any case where there is an imminent danger to the public health resulting from the operation of any waterworks or the source of a water supply. B. An emergency order may be communic…

(Repealed.)

A. All water mains shall be disinfected in accordance with AWWA Standard C651-14 before being placed in operation. The disinfection of the mains shall be repeated until it is determined by bacteriological testing that the water is free of coliform bacteria. B. Project documents s…

All buried distribution pipe shall be provided with sufficient earth or other suitable cover or encasement to prevent from freezing and provide protection from damage by external forces.Statutory Authority§§ 32.1-12 and 32.1-170 of the Code of Virginia.

A. All new service connections in community waterworks shall be metered. B. Water pipe and appurtenances between the water main and the service connection shall conform to all applicable codes.Statutory Authority§§ 32.1-12 and 32.1-170 of the Code of Virginia.

A. The station and its piping and valving arrangement shall be designed to prevent unauthorized use, tampering, and vandalism. B. An air gap or RPZ assembly shall be provided on the potable water fill connection to prevent backflow into the waterworks. C. The piping and valving a…

(Repealed.)

A. If the commissioner or department determines that a waterworks is a chronically noncompliant waterworks, as defined in § 32.1-167 of the Code of Virginia, then the commissioner shall issue an order to the owner containing a schedule to bring the waterworks into compliance with…

(Repealed.)

(Repealed.)

(Repealed.)

(Repealed.)

If, in the case of a man-made or natural disaster, the commissioner determines that certain regulations cannot be complied with, then the enforcement of those regulations may be suspended for designated waterworks and a provisional regulatory scheme instituted until the condition…

A. The commissioner may grant a variance to a PMCL, SMCL, treatment technique requirement, or an operational regulation by following the appropriate procedures set forth in this section. 1. Requirements for a variance. A variance may be granted to a waterworks from any requiremen…

A. The commissioner may grant an exemption to any PMCL or treatment technique requirement by following the procedures set forth in this section. An exemption may be granted to a waterworks upon a finding that: 1. The waterworks must be unable to implement measures to develop an a…

(Repealed.)

(Repealed.)

(Repealed.)